We know that for an adiabatic process pVg a constant. Evaluate “a constant” for an adiabatic process involving exactly 2.0 mol of an ideal gas passing through the state having exactly p = 1.0 atm and T = 300 K. Assume a diatomic gas whose molecules rotate but do not oscillate.

We know that for an adiabatic process pVg a constant. Evaluate “a constant” for an adiabatic process involving exactly 2.0 mol of an ideal gas passing through the state having exactly p = 1.0 atm and T = 300 K. Assume a diatomic gas whose molecules rotate but do not oscillate.

University Physics Volume 2

18th Edition

ISBN:9781938168161

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter3: The First Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 68P: An ideal gas has a pressure of 0.50 atm and a volume of 10 L. It is compressed adiabatically and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

An ideal gas has a pressure of 0.50 atm and a volume of 10 L. It is compressed adiabatically and quasi-statically until its pressure is 3.0 atm and its volume is 2.8 L. Is the monatomic, diatomic, or polyatomic?
An amount of n moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a conducting container with a movable piston is placed in a large thermal heat bath at temperature T1 and the gas is allowed to come to equilibrium. After the equilibrium is leached, the pressure on the piston is lowered so that the gas expands at constant temperature. The process is continued quasi-statically until the final pressure is 4/3 of the initial pressure p1 . (a) Find the change in the internal energy of the gas. (b) Find the work done by the gas. (c) Find the heat exchanged by the gas, and indicate, whether the gas takes in or gives up heat.
A Carnot engine employs 1.5 mol of nitrogen gas as a working substance, which is considered as an ideal diatomic gas with =7.5 at the working temperatures of the engine. The Carnot cycle goes in the cycle ABCDA with AB being an isothermal expansion. The volume at points A and C of the cycle are 5.0103 m3 and 0.15 L, respectively. The engine operates between two thermal baths of temperature 500 K 300 K. (a) Find the values of volume at B and D. (b) How much heat is absorbed by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (c) How much work is done by the gas in the AB isothermal expansion? (d) How much heat is given up by the gas in the CD isothermal expansion? (e) How much work is done by the gas in the CD isothermal compression? (f) How much work is done by the gas in the BC adiabatic expansion? (g) How much work is done by the gas in the DA adiabatic compression? (h) Find the value of efficiency of the engine based on the net and heat input. Compare this value to the efficiency of a Carnot engine based on the temperatures of the baths.
Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as helium is compressed adiabatically and reversibly from a state (3 atm, 5 L) to a state with pressure 4 atm. (a) Find the volume and temperature of the final state. (b) Find the temperature of the initial state of the gas. (c) Find the work done by the gas in the process. (d) Find the change in internal energy of the gas in the process.
An ideal monatomic gas at 300 K expands adiabatically and reversibly to twice its volume. What is its final temperature?
A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a quasi-static process that is described by the function pV=p1+3(vv1) , where the stating state is (p1,v1) and the final state (p2,v2) . Assume the system consists of n moles of the gas in a container that can exchange heat with the environment and whose volume can change freely. (a) Evaluate the work done by the gas during the change in the state. (b) Find the change in internal energy of the gas. (c) Find the heat input to the gas during the change. (d) What ale initial and final temperatures?
Two moles of nitrogen gas, with =7/5 for ideal diatomic gases, occupies a volume of 102 m3 in an insulated cylinder at temperature 300 K. The gas is adiabatically and reversibly compressed to a volume of 5 L. The piston of the cylinder is locked in its place, and the insulation around the cylinder is removed. The heat-conducting cylinder is then placed in a 300-K bath. Heat from the compressed gas leaves the gas, and the temperature of the gas becomes 300 K again. The gas is then slowly expanded at the fixed temperature 300 K until the volume of the gas becomes 102 m3, thus making a complete cycle for the gas. For the entire cycle, calculate (a) the work done by the gas, (b) the heat into or out of the gas, (c) the change in the internal energy of the gas, and (d) the change in entropy of the gas.
An ideal diatomic gas at 80 K is slowly compressed adiabatically to one-third its original volume. What is its final temperature?
Consider a cylinder with a movable piston containing n moles of an ideal gas. The entire apparatus is immersed in a constant temperature bath of temperature T kelvin. The piston is then pushed slowly so that pressure of the gas changes quasi-statically from p1 to p2 at constant temperature T. Find the work done by the gas in terms of n, R T, p1 , and p2 .
In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited without a spark plug. Instead, air in a cylinder is compressed adiabatically to a temperature above the ignition temperature of the fuel; at the point of maximum compression, the fuel is injected into the cylinder. Suppose that air at 20 C is taken into the cylinder at a volume V1 and then compressed adiabatically and quasi-statically to a temperature of 600 C and a volume V2 . If =1.4 , what is the ratio V1/V2 ? (Note: static. In an operating diesel engine, the compression is not quasi-
Find the work done in the quasi-static processes shown below. The states are given as (p, V) values for the points in the PV plane: 1 (3 atm, 4 L), 2 (3 atm, 6 L), 3 (5 atm, 4 L), 4 (2 atm, 6 L), 5 (4 atm, 2 L), 6 (5 atm, 5 L) and 7 (2 atm, 5 L).
On an adiabatic process of an ideal gas pressure, volume and temperature change such that pV is constant with =5/3 for monatomic gas such as helium and =7/5 for diatomic gas such as hydrogen at room temperature. Use numerical values to plot two isotherms of 1 mol of helium gas using ideal gas law and two adiabatic processes mediating between them. Use T1=500K,V1=1L, and T2=300K for your plot.