Whales Diving The figure shows the depth of a diving spermwhale as a function of time, as recorded by researchers at theWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. Source:Peter Tyack, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.10020030040017:3517:3717:3917:41Time (hours:minutes)Find the depth of the whale at the following times.(a) 17 hours and 37 minutes(b) 17 hours and 39 minutesDepth (meters)

The given figure shows the depth of a sperm whale as a function of time. The slope of tangent line…

Answered: Whales Diving The figure shows the…

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry

13th Edition

ISBN:9781133382119

Author:Swokowski

Publisher:Swokowski

Chapter3: Functions And Graphs

Section3.7: Operations On Functions

Problem 51E

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Average Speed: A commuter regularly drives 70 miles from home to work, and the amount of time required for the trip varies widely as a result of road and traffic conditions. The average speed for such a trip is a function of the time required. For example, if the trip takes 2 hours, then the average speed is 70/2 = 35 miles per hour. a. What is the average speed if the trip takes an hour and a half? b. Find a formula for the average speed as a function of the time required for the trip. You need to choose variable and function names. Be sure to state units. c. Make a graph of the average speed as a function of the time required. Includes trips from 1 hour to 3 hours in length. d. Is the graph concave up or concave down? Explain in practical terms what this means
Population Growth The projected population of the United States for the years 2025 through 2055 can be modeled by P=307.58e0.0052t, where P is the population (in millions) and t is the time (in years), with t=25 corresponding to 2025. (a) Use a graphing utility to graph the function for the years 2025 through 2055. (b) Use the table feature of the graphing utility to create a table of values for the same time period as in part (a). (c) According to the model, during what year will the population of the United States exceed 430 million?
Population Growth The projected population of the United States for the years 2025 through 2055 can be modeled by P=307.58e0.0052t, where P is the population (in millions) and t is the time (in years), with t=25 corresponding to 2025. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau) (a) Use a graphing utility to graph the function for the years 2025 through 2055. (b) Use the table feature of the graphing utility to create a table of values for the same time period as in part (a). (c) According to the model, during what year will the population of the United States exceed 430 million?
Arboriculture The growth of a red oak tree is approximated by the function G=0.003t3+0.137t2+0.458t0.839,2t34 where G is the height of the tree (in feet) and t is its age (in years). (a) Use a graphing utility to graph the function. (b) Estimate the age of the tree when it is growing most rapidly. This point is called the point of diminishing returns because the increase in size will be less with each additional year. (c) Using calculus, the point of diminishing returns can be found by finding the vertex of the parabola y=0.009t2+0.274t+0.458. Find the vertex of this parabola. (d) Compare your results from parts (b) and (c).
Titanic At 2:00 p.m. on April 11, 1912, the Titanic left Cobh, Ireland, on her voyage to New York City. At 11:40 p.m. on April 14, the Titanic struck an iceberg and sank, having covered only about 2100 miles of the approximately 3400-mile trip. (a) What was the total duration of the voyage in hours? (b) What was the average speed in miles per hour? (c) Write a function relating the distance of the Titanic from New York City and the number of hours traveled. Find the domain and range of the function. (d) Graph the function in part (c).
Height of a Balloon A balloon carrying a transmitter ascends vertically from a point 3000 feet from the receiving station. (a) Draw a diagram that gives a visual representation of the problem. Let h represent the height of the balloon and let d represent the distance between the balloon and the receiving station. (b) Write the height of the balloon as a function of d.What is the domain of the function?
Hydroplaning On wet roads, under certain conditions the front tires of a car will hydroplane, or run along the surface of the water. The critical speed V at which hydroplaning occurs is a function of p, the tire inflation pressure. The following table shows hypothetical data for p, in pounds per square inch, and V, in miles per hour. Tire inflation pressure p Critical speed V for hydroplaning 20 46.3 25 51.8 30 56.7 35 61.2 a Find a formula that models V as a power function of p. b In the rain, a car with tires inflated to 35pound per square inch is travelling behind a bus with tires inflated to 60 pounds per square inch, and both are moving at 65 miles per hour. If they both hit their brakes, what might happen?
Planet Growth The amount of growth of plants in an ungrazed pasture is a function of the amount of plant biomass already present and the amount of rainfall. For a pasture in the arid zone of Australia the formula Y=55.120.01535N0.00056N2+3.946R gives an approximation of the growth. Here R is the amount of rainfall, in millimeters, over a 3 month period; N is the plant biomass, in kilograms per hectare, at the beginning of that period; and Y is the growth, in kilograms per hectare, of the biomass over that period. For comparison, 100 millimeters is about 3.9 inches, and 100 kilograms per hectare is about 89 pounds per acre. For this exercise, assume that the amount of plant biomass initially present is 400 kilograms per hectare, so N=400. a. Find a formula for the growth Y as a function of the amount R of rainfall. b. Make a graph of Y versus r. Include values of R from 40 to 160 millimeters. c. What happens to Y as R increases? Explain your answer in practical terms. d. How much growth will there be over a 3 month period if initially there are 400 kilograms per hectare of plant biomass and the amount of rainfall is 100 millimeters?
Fluid Flow The intake pipe of a 100-gallon tank has a flow rate of 10 gallons per minute, and two drainpipes have flow rates of 5 gallons per minute each. The figure shows the volume V of fluid in the tank as a function of time t. Determine whether the input pipe and each drainpipe are open or closed in specific subintervals of the 1 hour of time shown in the graph. (There are many correct answers.)
Speed Skating Two speed skaters, A and B, are racing in a 500-m event. The graph shows the distance they have traveled as a function of the time from the start of the race. aWho won the race? bFind the average speed during the first 10 s for each skater. cFind the average speed during the last 15 s for each skater.

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