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- What is nondisjunction? Why does it cause chromosomal abnormalities? What is aneulploidy? Trisomy? Monosomy? Which kind of monosomy always results in miscarriage in early pregnancy? What do these terms mean: genotype, phenotype, allele, homozygous, heterozygous? Be able to recognize single gene inheritance patterns [autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X linked recessive] from a pedigree. Also, how are simple Mendelian traits transmitted? What genotype produces the phenotype? Why do some inheritance patterns result in many more males than females showing the phenotype? What inheritance patterns do Huntington disease and sickle cell anemia, and hemophilia follow (autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, or X-linked recessive)? What are some of the symptoms of these diseases?A young couple went to see a genetic counselor because each had a sibling affected with cystic fibrosis. (Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease and neither member of the couple nor any of their four parents is affected). What is the probability that the female of this couple is a carrier and what are the chances that their child will be affected with cystic fibrosis?Two affected daughters and two normal sons are born to an affected male and a normal female. Each of the affected daughters (and their normal husbands) gave birth to affected sons and daughters. Normal sons of the couple married normal women and had normal children. Which of the following is the most likely mode of inheritance for this trait?* Sex-linked recessive Sex-linked dominant Autosomal dominant Autosomal recessive
- For a recessive condition, two normal heterozygous individuals have children. What is the likelihood of their children being affected by this condition? What is the likelihood of their children being carriers without the condition? What is the likelihood of their asymptomatic children being carriers? Suppose that an individual with the condition has children with a heterozygous individual, what is the likelihood of their children being carriers?Which of the following defines polygenic inheritance? An inheritance pattern in which one allele is not fully dominant over another, so the heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate blend of the two homozygous phenotypes An inheritance pattern in which the full and separate phenotypic effects of two alleles are apparent in heterozygous individuals An inheritance pattern in which a single gene affects multiple traits A pattern of inheritance in which multiple genes affect one traitTay-Sachs disease is a recessive genetic disease. Two individuals, both of whom are heterozygous for a recessive allele that causes the disease have one child who does not have the disease. What is the probability that this child has the potential to pass the disease-causing allele on to the next generation? Tay-Sachs disease is a recessive genetic disease. Two individuals, both of whom are heterozygous for a recessive allele that causes the disease have one child who does not have the disease. What is the probability that this child has the potential to pass the disease-causing allele on to the next generation? 1/4 1/2 3/4 2/3
- If one parent is heterozygous for an autosomal allele (Aa), and the other is homozygous for the recessive allele (aa), what is the probability that their child will inherit the dominant allele and have the associated trait? 50 percent 75 percent 0 percent 100 percentIf a father has Marfan syndrome, a dominant disorder, and passes it down to all of his children, but his wife does not have the disorder, what would the punnett square between the father and mother look like? Why is this his genotype if all of his children had Marfan syndrome?What mode of inheritance is exhibited? ____________________________________ Using the letters, Aand a, give the genotype of the following individuals: I1: __________ II4: __________ III9: __________ I2: __________ II5: __________ III14: __________ II3: __________ II8: __________ IV18: __________
- A young couple went to see a genetic counselor because each had a sibling with cystic fibrosis. (Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease, and neither member of the couple nor any of their four parents is affected.) What is the probability that the female of this couple is a carrier? What are the chances that their child will have cystic fibrosis? 3. What is the probability that their child will be a carrier of the cystic fibrosis disease allele?Albinism is a recessive disorder where there is a lack of melanin. Andrea and her husband Claude both have normal skin pigmentation. Andrea’s mother has the albino phenotype, but her father and her brother do not (normal pigmentation). Claude’s parents are both normal, but he has a sister who has the condition (is albino). Answer the following questions If Andrea and Claude are carriers for the albino allele, what is the probability that they have an albino child? If Andrea and Claude have a second child, what is the probability this child be normal (non-albino)? NOTE: Draw a punnet square or show your work.Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that causes an abnormal production of mucus which in turn can cause damage and infection to the lungs and other organs. In the following pedigree, black indicates all those persons afflicted with cystic fibrosis (square symbols are males, circles are females). There's a healthy couple and they have two children. One is a 23-year-old daughter with cystic fibrosis who is married to a 24-year-old male who is healthy. The other child is a 15-year-old son who is healthy After studying the pedigree, write a logical hypothesis suggesting the cause of cystic fibrosis in terms of dominant or recessive alleles. On the basis of your hypothesis, write an appropriate genotype for both of the parents. Using a Punnett square, what is the probability of the parents having a child with cystic fibrosis? If the daughter's husband is a carrier of cystic fibrosis, what is the probability that they have a child with cystic fibrosis? Show your Punnett square.