What are ways in which cells can regenerate cytosolic NAD+? Conversion of Lactate to Pyruvate (catalyzed by LDH) The ETC chain The TCA cycle Conversion of Pyruvate to Lactate (catalyzed by LDH)
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- Which of the following coenzymes does not get restored to it's original form within the PDH complex once pyruvate gets converted to acetyl CoA a. NAD+ b. TPP c. Lipolic Acid d. FADAssuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of five molecules of glucose (by a eukaryotic cell) into carbon dioxide and water would produce approximately _________ ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 2.5 ATP and FADH2 = 1.5 ATP)Of eight enzymes in the CAC, why is the succinate dehydrogenase complex unique? Because it is a component of the electron transport chain Because it catalyzes an oxidative reaction Because it is an integral membrane protein All of the above Only A and C
- Which of the following statements about the malate-aspartate shuttle is false? a) 2.5 ATPs are formed per cytoplasmic NADH shuttled. b) Transamination is involved. c) Cytoplasmic oxaloacetate is converted to malate. d) Mitochondrial malate is converted to oxaloacetate. e) Antiport transport is not involved.When pyruvate diffuses intothe mitochondria, what chemical product does it get converted to? ATP pyruvic acid acetyl CoA NADHdtermoine numberof ATPS GENERATED FROM COMPLETE oxidation of fructose-6-phosphate isocitrate stearidonic acid [18 carbons triangle 6,9,12,15] indicate where everything comes from ex ATPS FROM GLYCOLYSIS , NADH FROM TCA ETC LIST ALL
- All of the following are generated directly during the Krebs (TCA) cycle except? a. ATP b. GTP c. Oxaloacetate d. FADH2 e. NADHShown below is a single molecule of glucose, with its carbons labeled. Trace the path of this glucose through pathways of glycolysis and the TCA cycle and determine during which step ofthe pathways each carbon (1-6) is removed from the process.What do you think would be the effect on oxidative phosphorylation of the following mutations of F1 or F0 ATPase subunits? Be as specific as possible. A. Subunit c Asp61 to Leu B. Subunit c Asp61 to Asn C. Subunit a Asn214 to Asp D. Subunit a Ser206 to Ala
- Are the following up or down regulation of phosphorylation? (Note: It assumes that the enzymes were involved in glycoysis) a. Phosphofructokinase-2 b. Pyruvate Kinase c. Phosphofructokinase-1 d. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase KinaseIn terms of aerobic cellular respiration, explain how the irreversible steps of glycolysis and krebs, work in concert with oxidative phosphorylation (i.e., ETC and ATP synthase) to regulate the energy charge of the cell? Why do hepatocytes make more ATP from glucose than myocytes?If decanoic acid (10 : 0) undergoes complete β-oxidation in mitochondria, how many net ATP is yielded? (NADH = 2.5 ATP; FADH2 = 1.5 ATP; Acetyl CoA = 10 ATP) Answer in number only