What cellular signaling molecule (mediator) is released to activate T lymphocytes at"stage 1";●·Growth hormoneINTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2)HistamineInterleukin-1 (IL-1)

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/15d69d66-3d1e-4c4d-8c0c-e2789ce84df3.jpg

Answered: ● What cellular signaling molecule…

● What cellular signaling molecule (mediator) is released to activate T lymphoc "stage 1"; ● ● ● Growth hormone INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2) Histamine Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter12: Body Defenses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5RE

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Which of the following is true about exotoxins? they are part of the cell wall they cannot be…

A: Introduction Exotoxins are the toxins (basic proteins) that are secreted by bacteria to invade the…

Q: What is the role of interferons in the immune response? They establish memory cells for future…

A: Introduction A collection of signaling proteins known as interferons are produced and released by…

Q: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major feature of which cell wall? O Fungal O Viral O Gram-positive…

A: Lipopolysaccharide are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide. They are found as…

Q: The features of the garden pea that made it a basic principles of inheritance •good organism for…

A: Mendel's core theories of heredity made it easier to comprehend how features are passed down from…

Q: Which of the following contains microtubules? Select one: a. ribosome b. Golgi apparatus c. lysosome…

A: Introduction: Microtubules run throughout the cell, providing its structure and keeping organelles…

Q: Please answer all for the UPVOTE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct, but if false, change the…

A: The science of cell structure and function is known as cell biology, and it is based on the idea…

Q: What is believed to be the concentration of bacteria in soil? 109-1010 cells/g dry weight 105-106…

A: Introduction Bacteria are the unicellular living cells/organisms belonging to the domain prokaryote.…

Q: You are dispatched to a 35 year old patient complaining of feeling anxious. Based on the above…

A: Anxiety is the most common situation that occurs in the today's stressful situation. The anxiety is…

Q: Graph 2: Draw the predictions of a population genetics model when the starting allele frequency of…

A: If the following assumptions are met, allele frequencies in a population will remain in…

Q: Explain how the central nervous system and the peripheral system work together to keep the body…

A: The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body.

Q: Which of the following does not contribute to preserving the memory of identity in a dividing cell?

A: It is important for a dividing cell to preserve its identity so that it can be correctly…

Q: One of the common more severe complications of alcohol withdrawal is

A: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in…

Q: In the laboratory, autoclaving is required to prepare media for the growth of What type of method of…

A: The most effective method by which we sterilize the laboratory instruments is known as autoclaving.

Q: The proton pump in ETC is an active transporter. Where does it get the energy to pump protons…

A: 0n bacteria that collect energy via an electron-transport chain (ETC), the electron-transport pumps…

Q: long chromosome of somatic cells of somatic cells gene of germ cells of germ cells gene of either…

A: Mitosis and meiosis are the types of cell division. Mitosis occurs in all the cells of the body…

Q: ITEM I MSM MICROBIAL PROFILE MICROORGANISM/CAUSATIVE AGENT GRAM REACTION A B OXYGEN REQUIREMENT C D…

A: Malaria is brought on by a type of protozoan called Plasmodium falciparum. Malaria is a serious…

Q: Work 6. Complete the scheme of the functional system maintaining the optimal level of osmotic…

A: The kidneys are the organs in the human body that is responsible for maintaining the ionic balance…

Q: Which of the following proteins preserves an epigenetic alteration of DNA? O MYOD O Ey O HAT…

A: Introduction Epigenetics is the study of how changes in your environment and behaviour can have an…

Q: Do as as soon as possible Remain time 20 min left.

A: Solution-Totipotent cells should have the ability to differentiate in vitro into cells…

Q: A species of Caribbean fish lives in groups of individuals in a burrow in the sand. When a predator…

A: Most antipredator strategies increase individual survival by signalling to predators, reducing the…

Q: Name of virus Papilloma viruses RNA or DNA Double stranded (ds) or Single Stranded (ss) Linear or…

A: Papilloma virus More complex natured virus. Non enveloped. Contain DNA 10% and protein 90%.…

Q: The trigger for an action potential is:

A: The potential difference across a membrane is known as the Membrane Potential. Frequent, rapid…

Q: In a diagram, illustrate the dynamics of the benthic ecosystem particularly showing life habits of…

A: The benthic zone is the low ecological zone in a water body, and generally includes the sediments at…

Q: Which of the following is not true for Soil Organic Matter (SOM)? O It can be degraded by microbes…

A: Answer :- Option (D) is correct. - It makes up a large proportion of soil structure.

Q: . What is the role of mast cells? Phagocytosis of foreign molecules Secrete histamine to mediate an…

A: Mast cells are one kind of white blood cell that helps to build an immune system inside a body. The…

Q: What is assimilation efficiency? How/why would assimilation efficiency differ for herbivores eating…

A: Transfer efficiencies refer to the efficiency with which energy is used and transferred from one…

Q: Refer to the following illustration to answer the question. regulatory DNA gene mRNA The event…

A: In this question we are going to understand what will happen if there is a mutation in the…

Q: Fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) - STK38 monoclonal antibody (M01), clone 2G8- 1F3. 200 μm a.…

A: The STK38 Monoclonal Antibody from LifeSpan BioSciences is a Mouse Monoclonal antibody. This…

Q: 1. Show the different kinds of gametes which can be formed by individuals of the following…

A: Genotype is genetic makeup of organism. So, in this question we need to determine the gametes from…

Q: How can the yeast vector, YEP, containing your desired gene, be inserted into the host cell? Discuss…

A: YEp stands for Yeast Episomal plasmid is a shuttle vector. Shuttle vectors are vectors designed in a…

Q: Hello just wondering, what do we look for in bacteria we don't have in regards to this question?

A: Selective toxicity is a measure to kill or inhibit the organism infecting the host. Hence damaging…

Q: Which of the following is true of an infectious disease? they can be spread from one host to another…

A: Disease is a specific abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of an…

Q: Draw the gametophyte and sporophyte stage of each representatives of nonvascular plants. Label the…

A: The gametophyte stage and the sporophyte stage are the two separate phases of a plant's life cycle.…

Q: What is ecology?At what different levels do ecologist study ecology? Define and describe each level…

A: Introduction All the organisms and the environment they interact with make up an ecosystem. The…

Q: Biology The food web of the harp seal is most dependent on which of the following organisms?. 1.…

A: Food-web is defined as "the network of complex interactions among species in an ecosystem"

Q: Black, sepia, cream, and albino are coat colors of guinea pigs. Individual animals (not necessarily…

A: Genes are carried on chromosomes, and each guinea pig has 64 of them. The mother provides 32…

Q: Makes a DNA copy from a piece of RNA [Choose ] Reverse Transcriptase

A: In the method of Reverse Transcription ( RNA dependent DNA polymerase) convert Ribo nucleic acid…

Q: IgA Proteases are enzymes that...

A: Introduction Proteases are the enzymes that break down peptides and proteins.

Q: Construct a bar graph in excel with your mung bean results. Please include appropriate labels and…

A: Respiration in seeds is affected by various factors and temperature is one of them.

Q: What type of muscles are these Type 1, Type 2a or 2b? A. orbicularis oculi, Buccinator and platysma…

A: The main purpose of the muscle, which is a soft tissue in the body, is to provide power. Movement is…

Q: If individual A has children with a normal male without the trait, what are the chances that her…

A: The given pedigree shows a trait that is autosome linked and recessive. Therefore, we have the…

Q: Please answer fast 1. The cell wall in bacteria is designed; a. to help resist changes in…

A: We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new question…

Q: II III 2 I 1 2 3 ото 1 2 до 8 3 4 5 4 5 что 6 7 6 7 8 9

A: Introduction :- Cystic fibrosis is brought on by a mutation in the CFTR gene (cystic fibrosis…

Q: Your textbook uses this graph as evidence for human hunting driving early exctinctions. Highlight…

A: Prey-predator species Predators are the organisms that survive by killing and eating another…

Q: coral

A: An organism in which the zygote develops into a discrete unit which then produces more units like…

Q: Standard 5a 1. What phenotypic variation (Vp) is present in this case study of beach mice? 2. What…

A: Introduction Evolution is the shift in a biological population's heritable traits over successive…

Q: A swine producer wants to prepare a 150 kg diet that will provide a mix with 13.5% CP for a 50 kg…

A: CP is the crude protein present in a sample. A mixture of rice bran and pig supplement is mixed to…

Q: What is the name of the new antibiotic produced by Eleftheria terrae that was identified using the…

A: Antibiotic kills bacteria. It is used to prevent bacterial infection. In different parts of…

Q: Innate immunity involves all of the following except: Inflammation Antibodies Phagocytosis Fever

A: Innate immunity is non specific type of defence that is present at the time of birth. This is…

Q: What is the water content of matured seed and what is the reason behind for the low water content? *

A: Introduction An embryonic plant wrapped in a protective shell with a food reserve is called a seed.…

Concept explainers

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.

Question

What cellular signaling molecule (mediator) is released to activate T lymphocytes at
"stage 1";
●
·
Growth hormone
INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2)
Histamine
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps with 1 images

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Whether the statement "To guarantee that the antigen-presenting cells in the thymus will display a complete repertoire of self peptides to allow elimination of self-reactive T cells, the thymus recruits dendritic cells from all over the body" is true or false.
In LeVay’s study, what evidence argues against the idea that INAH-3 volume depends on AIDS rather than sexual orientation?
Where is the thymus located? Describe its structure andfunction
When T cells are activated by recognizing peptide:MHC complexes on dendritic cells in the lymph node, they up-regulate the receptor CD69. For T cells expressing a given T-cell receptor, the initial strength of the T-cell receptor signal can be modulated by varying the number of peptide:MHC complexes on the dendritic cells, or by varying the affinity with which the T cell-receptor binds to the peptide:MHC complexes. As a result, T cells stimulated with stronger T-cell receptor signals will maintain high expression of CD69 for one or two days longer that if those same T cells were stimulated with weaker T-cell receptor signals. Therefore, T cells stimulated with weaker T-cell receptor signals are likely to: Die by apoptosis Undergo more rounds of proliferation that T cells stimulated with stronger T-cell receptor signals Migrate to the B-cell zones of the lymph node Have reduced effector functions, such as cytokine production Egress from the lymph node 1–2 days earlier than T cells…
Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. All but one of the following occurs during the inflammatory response. Select the example below that does NOT describe the process of inflammation. a. Inflammation increases capillary permeability. b. Chemotaxis draws leucocytes to the site of injury. c. Vasoconstriction prevents excessive blood loss due to injury. d. Release of prostaglandins results in pain.
is a group of plasma proteins thatwhen activated stimulate inflammation,attract phagocytes, and enhancephagocytosis.
In a patient with Essential thrombocytemia, a mutation in JAK2 - a downstream effector of cytokine receptor, results in a constitutive activation of the pseudokinase domain of the receptor and an inhibition of signaling via this pathway. Group of answer choices True False
How does PKC's signaling role change in response to growth factor signaling versus an immune response
State the action(s) of each of the following signal molecules:a. IGF-1b. PDGFc. epidermal growth factord. IRS-1e. tumor necrosis factor
"To guarantee that the antigen-presenting cells in the thymus will display a complete repertoire of self peptides to allow elimination of self-reactive T cells, the thymus recruits dendritic cells from all over the body is true or false.
TLRs activate NFkB, AP-1, and IRF transcription factors to induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. A key feature of TLR signaling is the ability to induce inflammatory cytokine gene expression extremely rapidly following TLR stimulation. This is accomplished by signaling pathways using several mechanisms to activate transcription factors that are already present in the cell prior to TLR stimulation, but are kept in an inactive state. These signaling pathways use all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT: Induced ubiquitination leading to protein degradation Induced ubiquitination inducing protein–protein interactions Induced phosphorylation leading to nuclear translocation Induced phosphorylation leading to kinase activation Induced phosphorylation preventing protein degradation
Why are CD8+/αβT-cells important? Explain the function of the mature activated CD8+/αβT-cell and list 3 cytotoxic effector molecules they secrete and 3 cytokines they secrete.