What do viroids and prions have in common? How are they different?

Q: Gladiolus   Clivia miniata   Foeniculum vulgare   Tithonia diversifolia   Phaseolus vulgaris…

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Q: Almost all of the known species of the taxa Archea have been identified through cultivation in a…

A: The culturable as well as organisms of archae that are well investigated belongs to the species of…

Q: Explain why homeostasis is important to organisms.

A: Introduction :- Homeostasis is the state of constant internal, physical, and chemical conditions…

Q: In both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, which of the following structures can cross cell membranes using…

A: Introduction Cell transports are the movement of a material through the cell membrane. The material…

Q: .  What are the F1 phenotypes from the following crosses:

A: One of the first convincing examples of cytoplasmic inheritance is the inheritance of leaf…

Q: Comment on the accuracy of the aminoacylation during the charging of tRNA to ensure the fidelity of…

A: Amino acid activation or commonly known as tRNA charging, refers to the attachment of an amino acid…

Q: In prokaryotes, after the ribosomes completes a synthesis, one would expect to find a) a new…

A: Prokaryotic organisms don't have well defined nucleus. The nucleoid is found in place of nucleus in…

Q: Explain the mechanism by which brine solution rises in comparison to the rate of respiration in…

A: Introduction - Plants breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide through the process of…

Q: What are some treatments and cures for west nile virus? What is the current research for the west…

A: Answer

Q: Why are mRNA vaccines more effective than conventional vaccines?

A: Introduction :- A vaccine is a preparation that stimulates the body's immunological response to…

Q: Which of the following is associated with intracellular nuclear receptors? O Transcription factors O…

A: Intracellular receptors are biomolecules that can be found in the cytosol as unbound and soluble…

Q: Plants convert solar energy into chemical energy. Daylight Savings Time (DST) reduces the amount of…

A: Daylight saving time is a practice of advancing clocks during warmer months to reduce the amount of…

Q: NAME THE PROTEIN! It is a Golgi resident enyme It attaches a phosphate group to mannose sugars on…

A: The targetting of lysosomal enzymes are mediated by GERL transport system. The lysosomal enzymes are…

Q: Which of the following was added to cell lysate to stabilize RNA molecules during the RNA…

A: Introduction RNA extraction is the purification of RNA from biological samples, It  provides the…

Q: Twenty snakes with the Aa genotype migrated to a population of 80 snakes of the same species with…

A: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is a concept that serves as a benchmark for researchers to analyze gene…

Q: 1. Give the importance of: a. Dehydration b. Clearing 2. Why do you start from lower to higher…

A: Introduction a. Dehydration:- Dehydration is simply the removal of water from aqueous-fixed tissue.…

Q: Distinguish between a Northern, Southern and Western blot

A: Southern blotting is a blotting process for detecting particular DNA sequences, Northern blotting is…

Q: In the US, many farmers regularly use the herbicide glyphosate to keep their fields free from weeds.…

A: Natural selection is proposed by Charles Darwin. The main concept here is the process through which…

Q: structures of organic compounds allow them to function as pigme

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Q: These types of proteins come from foods that contain all amino acids for nitrogen balance and tissue…

A: Introduction A protein is a naturally occurring, extremely complex substance and does most of the…

Q: Giardia lamblia enters a human or other host in what form? O a) trophozoite Ob) spore O c) endospore…

A: Protozoans are group of organisms that possess single cell and are eukaryotic . They are classified…

Q: How can the efficiency of homologous recombination be improved when using CRISPR-Cas9, compared to…

A: CRISPR(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a technique derived from…

Q: Select all that are true regarding the rhizosphere and rhizobacteria.   a. the rhizosphere is the…

A: Introduction  An ecosystem deals with both biotic and abiotic factors and their interaction with…

Q: Gregor Mendel followed specific steps when breeding pea plants to determine the underlying cause and…

A: Mendel’s seminal work was accomplished using the garden pea, Pisum sativum, to study inheritance.…

Q: Response to a signal includes: O Gene expression O Metabolic activity O Membrane permeability…

A: Introduction Cell signaling is the process in which different cells in the body of an organism…

Q: 5. Why do viruses with a + strand of RNA make a - strand of RNA. .

A: * virus is an infectious agent which replicates inside living cells of an organism. *They will…

Q: Discuss the study of chemical hazards and their effects,including wildlife toxicology, epidemiology,…

A: Toxicants can be both organic and manmade, and there are hundreds of synthetic compounds in our…

Q: Biotechnologies used in crop production have increased our food supplies, but this food abundance…

A: There are few important points about Biotechnologies used in crop production have increased our food…

Q: n addition to phagocytosis, neutrophils use a process called NETs.  Which one of the following…

A: NET:_ Neutrophil Extracellular Traps These are concerned with extracellular pathogen killing with…

Q: tion 4. Why nature derived carbons are good materials as com- pared to biochar? Write the main…

A: * Biochar is an carbon rich material which will produced during pyrolysis process which is a…

Q: lag phase

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Q: In some wasps, the workers are more related to the sons produced by workers than to the sons…

A: * wasp colonies made from chewed wood and saliva which can be found hanging on trees or leaves.…

Q: DUE IN 30 MINUTES. Please answer all the questions, NO NEED FOR ANY EXPLANATION, just answer only.…

A: Distal part of femur articulates with tibia and patella.  Ans 1) Patella    Dermal papillae are…

Q: What purpose do scaffolding proteins serve in binding to Map kinase enzymes?

A: Introduction :- MAPKs are serine/threonine kinases that activate a variety of cytoplasmic and…

Q: interpret the data shown in graph:  the signals used for squirrels were: dishonest signal:…

A: Three types of chemical bonds are crucial in animal behavior since they keep molecules together that…

Q: Identify and describe 10 disorders that result from the disruption of homeostasis

A: Homeostasis- The state of internal, physical and chemical condition maintained by living system.

Q: The embryo of monocotyledonous seed consists of one large, shield shaped cotyledon. What is it known…

A: Embryo of monocot Though the seeds differ greatly, the early stages of embryo development…

Q: How to prepare an agar plate for bacteria? How to include the antibiotics into agar plates? How long…

A:

Q: What are some conservation efforts used to improve the quality of a previously degraded habitat?

A: Conservation efforts are mainly used to improve degrading biodiversity of a habitat.

Q: Both protein and DNA are run together in an isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis using the…

A: Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis is a technique which is used for separation of amphoteric…

Q: Adoptive transfer of macrophages from depressive mice to induced inflammatory markers and increased…

A: As we know depression is common in people with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), But the mechanism…

Q: If your ligation and transformation reactions were successful, what will you see on the…

A: Selectable markers or genetic markers are the tools used to identify host cells that have…

Q: discuss the use of linkage maps, bionano optical mapping and Hi-C for assembly.

A: * Linkage map also called as a genetic map which is an table for a experimental population that…

Q: Briefly summarize the study and the defects of cell junctions or the extracellular matrix that leads…

A: There are three components to the Extracellular Matrix. Insoluble collagen - structural framework…

Q: Compare the body structures and functions of a flatworm and a cnidarian in terms of MOVEMENT and…

A: Flatworms are more complex than cnidarians. Cnidarians have two layers of cells, the ectoderm and…

Q: Many different immune cells exprrss receptors for norepionephrine. This suggests that THE…

A: Many different immune cells express receptors for norepinephrine. This suggests that the sympathetic…

Q: When sets of genes group together, the result can be multiple traits expressed as a single dominant…

A: Introduction :- Many traits and phenotypic characters in plants and animals, such as height, skin…

Q: The primary structure of a protein is formed in the A) the RER, B) Golgi apparatus, C) nucleoid, D)…

A: Protein is a polymer of amino acids. The peptide bond is present between two amino acids.

Q: In order for the Golgi apparatus to release synthesized molecules to the outside of the cell…

A: The proteins synthesis in the cytosol or RER membrane need to be translocated to their respective…

Q: Refer to the DNA sequence provided: 3’ -TACTGAAGCGGCAGCCCCGCATGAGTAGACCTTACT-5’ a. What is the mRNA…

A: Gene expression is the process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional…

Virus

Viruses are infectious microscopic agents that can only reproduce in live cells of animals, plants, or microbes and are smaller than bacteria. Vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, protists, and fungi are among their many hosts. Viruses are unable to multiply on their own due to the lack of necessary cellular machinery, but they can guide the cell machinery of a host to make additional viruses by infection. The virus enters and attaches to a particular host cell, injects its genetic material, and reproduces by using the host’s genetic material. Viruses cause infection by taking entry into the host cell and using the host cell’s enzymes and raw materials to multiply.