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- Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.Define an action potential.What is a synapse? Explain the difference between an excitatory and an inhibitory synapse.
- Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)How much of a change in the membrane potential is necessary for the summation of postsynaptic potentials to result in an action potential being generated?What is the difference between an excitatory postsynaptic potential and an inhibitory postsynaptic potential ? How does it effect the postsynaptic neuron?
- Is an action potential more or less likely under these conditions? Explain.Which are the three different phases of action potential and what characterizes each?Why does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open moreslowly than the voltage-gated Na+ channels and how would you expect the voltage-gated K+ channels to affect the shape of an action potential curve?