What factors about deep circulation might allow water masses to retain their characteristics so persistently for even thousands of years?

Q: If the density of air is a constant 1.29 kg/m^3, how high does the Earth's atmosphere go if the…

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Q: How does Earth retain its atmosphere?

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Q: Antarctica is roughly semicircular in shape, with a radius of 2000 km. The average thickness of the…

A: GivenRadius of semicircular shape, r=2000 kmThickness of ice cover , h=3000 m

Q: What is the greenhouse effect? Why is it a matter of great concern among atmospheric scientists?

A: Green House gases ( CO2 , CO, SO2 ) are emitted to atmosphere due to burning of fossil fuels such as…

Q: What does "We all live downstream" mean?

A: This term is used in watershed. it means that the quality of water we used is determined by our…

Q: What is surface tension? What is its cause? Why is the surface tension also called surface energy?

A: Surface tension is the work, required to increase the surface area of a liquid due to inter…

Q: If you weigh 200.0 lb at sea level, how much would you weigh at the top of Mt. Everest? Assume the…

A: Weight of an object at a height h above sea level is given by, W=W0RR+h2 where W0 is weight at sea…

Q: Which of the following does NOT use convection currents? A. Ocean currents B. Weather systems C.…

A: A convection current is a process of the transfer of energy from place to place. The convection…

Q: Describe an example of the combination of phase change and convection?

A: When the process of phase changes accomplishes convection, then some interesting phenomenon occurs.…

Q: Define static, dynamic, and hydrostatic pressure. Under what conditions is their sum constant for a…

A: In fluid dynamics hydro-static static pressure is defined as pressure due to depth of fluid at rest.…

Q: If the top 500 m of ocean water increased in temperature from 17°C to 18°C, what would be the…

A: GivenTemperature is increased by 17°C to 18°C for top 500m of ocean

Q: Describe Malus’s law?

A: Malus's law

Q: built a raft out of 8 logs, each with a diameter of 30 centimeters, length of 2 meters, and mass of…

A: Given:-  The number of the logs is N = 8.  Each have a diameter d = 30 cm  Length L = 2 meter  The…

Q: How would you expect oxygen isotopic composition of the ocean to change when polar ice caps expand?

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Q: What is volumetric flow?

A: volumetric flow

Q: What caused this disaster to occur (Chernobyl)?

A: The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear reactor that occurred on 26 April 1986 was the most serious…

Q: How does the greenhouse effect work? Is it beneficial or harmful to humans?

A: Greenhouse effect is the phenomenon that occurs when greenhouse gases are trapped in the atmosphere.…

Q: Why is that the ozone-hole forms near the Earth's geographic poles?

A: question based on ozone hole

Q: What is cavitation? What causes it?

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Q: What is the no-slip condition? What causes it?

A: No-slip condition for a viscous medium means that the fluid have zero velocity with respect to the…

Q: What is meant by a system and surrounding?

A: System:- System is defined as definite quantity of matter or region in space containing a specific…

Q: Define internal, external, and open-channel flows.

A: External flow: It is a type of flow in which fluid flow over the surface of object unboundedly. EX:…

Q: Based on your answer from Question #2, how would pressure at depth change from a lake to an ocean?

A: According to hydrostatic Law,pressure at any height is given by , P = (density)*(g)*(height) Since…

Q: Because oxygen is limited, what is the time manned submersibles can stay down on the deep sea floor?…

A: Given : How long can a manned submersible stay in deep sea due to limited oxygen?

Q: Evangelista Torricelli was the first person to realize that we live at the bottomof an ocean of air.…

A:

Q: Which is denser, something having a density of 1000 kg/m3 or something having a density of 1 g/cm3?…

A: The density of the object 1,

Q: if the density of seawater is 1.03 grams per cubic centimeter at the surface, what is its density at…

A:

Q: Infrared radiation gets trapped in our atmosphere by ____ A: Carbon Dioxide  B: Methane C: A & B…

A: The surface of earth emits Infrared radiation. A part of this radiation gets absorbed and re-emitted…

Q: Why does the average temperature of thr athmosphere rise? What might have caused an unprecedented…

A: Th rising up of temperature of atmosphere from more than what the the atmosphere should is  called…

Q: The small ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why?

A:

Q: Why the ships on the sea surface, in a stormy sea, are affected by the storm, whereas the submarines…

A: 1. In general the ships on the sea surface tend to float because the density of air inside the ship…

Q: When do the greatest tidal ranges occur?

A: Greatest tidal range occurs during the spring tides.

Q: The force that generates wind is: A) Gravity force B) Pressure gradient force C) Coriolis force D)…

A: Gravity force is the force between to masses separated by distance r and does not produce winds.…

Q: Distinguish between thrust and pressure.

A: Thrust can be defined as the force exerted by a body which acts perpendicular to its surface.Its…

Q: Comparing figure 4a-1 and figure 4a-2 also shows that those regions of the ocean with lower surface…

A: By comparing both the figures 4A-1 and 4A-2 we can see that those regions of the ocean with lower…

Q: What is forced flow? How does it differ from natural flow? Is flow caused by winds forced or natural…

A: The diagram,   Weight of the car,

Q: It is estimated that the global CO2 emission in 2014 was 35.9 Giga Tonnes(CO2.earth 2). If this…

A: It is estimated that the global CO, emission in 2014 was 35.9 Giga Tonnes. suppose in x years the…