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WHAT FACTORS CAN AFFECT THE YIELD OF BENZOIN CONDENSATION?
PROCEDURE
To a six inch test tube was added thiamine hydrochloride (0.65 g), followed by water (2
mL). The mixture was gently shaken until homogeneous, and then ethanol (7.5 mL)
was added. Finally, sodium hydroxide (10%, 1.5 mL) was added and the mixture was
gently stirred to ensure complete mixing.
Benzaldehyde (3.8 mL) was then added at room temperature in one portion with gentle
stirring. The pH of the resulting reaction mixture was determined and adjusted to >10
by dropwise addition of 10% sodium hydroxide. The reaction mixture was then partially
submerged in a 65 °C water bath2 and the progress of the reaction was periodically
monitored by TLC analysis.
Once TLC analysis indicated that the reaction was complete, the reaction mixture was
cooled to approximately room temperature, and then chilled in an ice-water bath. The
resulting precipitate was collected by vacuum filtration and air-dried. The crude product
was purified by recrystallization from hot ethanol (8 mL ethanol/g crude product).
The product was characterized using appropriate analytical techniques
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- What is the chemical reaction when completing extraction experiment and using 100mg Benzoic Acid, 2ml H2O and CH2Cl2 each? What is the chemical reaction when completing extraction with 4-chloroaniline and adding in HCl?You suspect a given substance, unknown X, to be either pure acetaminophen (melting point = 169°C) or pure 1,4-dihydroxybenzene (melting point = 172°C). Subsequently, you perform a mixed melting point analysis by making the following three samples that yield the results below: · - Unknow X alone yielded a melting range of 165-169°C · - Unknown X mixed in a 50/50 ratio with acetaminophen yielded a melting range of 154-162°C · - Unknown X mixed in a 50/50 ratio with 1,4-dihydroxybenzene yielded a melting range of 169-172°C Given the data above, what is the identity of unknown X? (Multiple Choice: Only one answer is correct, and only one answer can be selected) A. 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene B.Neither acetaminophen or 1,4-dihydroxybenzene C. Acetaminophen6.0 mL of cyclohexanol, 8 mL of 85% phosphoric acid, and 10 drops of sulfuric acid are added to a 50-mL round-bottom flask with boiling chips, and the mixture is distilled into an ice-cooled receiver. The distillate is in the form of a colorless bi-phasic mixture. The cyclohexene upper layer is removed from the water layer, and dried over anhydrous calcium chloride. Isolated is cyclohexene as a clear and colorless foul-smelling liquid. Weighing data is given below. Gross mass: 51.24 g Tare mass: 48.04 g Product mass: 3.2g Question: Calculate the theoretical mass of the cyclohexene product, bearing in mind that the cyclohexanol starting material was measured by volume, not by mass (so you must use the density of cyclohexanol to convert milliliters to grams, before calculating the number of moles). Calculate the percent yield of cyclohexene obtained.
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- Given that Grignard reaction used 1.4555 g of phenyl bromide 10 g of carbon dioxide , 0.5734 g of magnesium fillings, and 30.2 mL of 6M HCl, but has 573 mg of benzoic acid after isolation and recrystallization. What was the percent yield for the overall process? Round to the nearest hundreth.Separating a mixture of equal parts benzoic acid, 2- naphthol and 1,4 - dimethoxybenzene. 1. Explain why base was needed to separate the components of the mixture and why acid was needed to obtain the final product. 2. Which components of the mixture were separated at each stage of the extraction procedure? Explain, making sure to refer to pKa data. 3. Why does foaming occur when acid is added to the bicarbonate extract? Explain with chemical equations.Following the monograph procedure, a 724-mg of aspirin (MW+180 g/mol) dissolved in 18.5 ml of cold neutralized alcohol. This solution was then initially titrated with 0.101 N sodium hydroxide solution, then later neutralized with 0.104 sulfuric acid. 1. What is the milliequivalent weight consumed by the acidic titrant? a. 1.5392 g-meq b. 2.0907 g-meq c. 1.4948 g-meq d. 2.1528 g-meq 2. What is the milliequivalent weight consumed by the basic titrant? a. 5.8656 g-meq b. 1.5392 g-meq c. 5.6964 g-meq d. 1.4948 g-meq 3. What is the difference of milliequivalent weight consumed in the reaction? a. -4.1572 g-meq b. 4.3708 g-meq c. 0.5515 g-meq d. 4.1572 g-meq
- Provide a mechanism, including intermediates, for the following procedure Charge a 100 mL round-bottom flask with 40mL of 2 M pentanolic KOH solution, 5.0g of PET shavings, and a stirring bar. Heat the mixture to a gentle reflux and keep it refluxing for 2 hours with continuous stirring. Cool the reaction mixture and add 25 mL of water to dissolve the white terephthalate salt. Filter the solution using a Büchner funnel to remove undissolved PET. Transfer the filtrate to a separatory funnel and remove the bottom aqueous layer. Wash the pentanolic layer with an additional 25 mL of water, remove the bottom layer, and combine with the other aqueous layers. Add 2 M HCl to the aqueous layer while stirring until a precipitate that does not dissolve forms. Add the same volume of HCl again (approximately 30 mL or more) to fully protonate the compound. Collect the solid by suction filtration and air-dry it to obtain 4.138 g with a melting point above 400 °C. Set aside 0.5-1 g of the sample for…Please help The petition coeficiente between benzene and water for carta iLife is approximately 3.9 .you are given a 0.35 g sample of acetanilide dissolved in 100ml of water Which of the following extraction techniques will give q better recovery of.acetanilide from water A) one extraction with 60ml of benzene or b) two successive extractions with 30ml portions of benzene? Show calculationWhich of the following observations is INCORRECT? a. 4-aminophenol: wine red solution in FeCl3 b. Phenol: white precipitate in Br2 in water c. 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexanol: No layer formation in Lucas reagent d. 3,6-dihydroxycycloheptanone: decolorization of solution in KMnO4 test