WHAT IF? Why is shivering likely during the onset of afever?

Q: Suppose that a geneticist discovers a new restriction enzyme in the bacterium Aeromonas ranidae. Thi...

A: Restriction enzymes or restriction endonucleases are the enzymes that cut the DNA strand at specific...

Q: What do you mean by marrow cavities?

A: The central cavity of bone shafts where the bone marrow, either red or yellow or both is stored is k...

Q: Explain The Modular Construction of Genomes?

A: Multiple whole-genome projects are undergoing around various laboratories which are generating big d...

Q: There is debate among developmental theorists as to what influences thoughts and behavior related to...

A: The phenomenon of forming thoughts in children is central to their gender. The physiology of both ma...

Q: Distinguish between pericentric and paracentric inversions.

A: Inversion is when a piece of a chromosome is broken and it is arranged after inverting it.

Q: What do you mean by differntiation?

A:  A cell is the smallest unit of a living thing which contributes to the specialized function in the ...

Q: If SIM medium was used for motility determination for Proteus vulgaris, what noticeable change to th...

A: Motility is the ability of the organism to move. Eukaryotic organisms use the cilia, pseudopodia, an...

Q: Give three important characteristics of cloning vectors.

A: Cloning is an important process in which bacterial cells containing recombinant DNA can be readily i...

Q: Identical twins (also called monozygotic twins) are derived from a single egg fertilized by a single...

A: Monozygotic twins are identical twins that are derived from a single egg fertilized with single sper...

Q: How is S. enterica, the causative agent of typhoidfever, transmitted? What are the stages of typhoid...

A: Typhoid or typhoid fever is caused by bacterium Salmonella enterica. Bacteria are unicellular and pr...

Q: The biological species concept distinguishes two species based on the degree of genetic exchange bet...

A: BIOLOGICAL SPECIES CONCEPT  It defines species as a group of organisms that can successfully interbr...

Q: Describe infection by Clostridium tetani and the effects oftetanus toxin. How does the mode of actio...

A: C. tetani is a rod-shaped, gram positive, endospore forming bacteria which have rotary flagellum in ...

Q: What If? Spittlebugs (Clasirptora sp.) are xylem sap feeders that usestrong muscles to pump xylem sa...

A: Xylem sap is a fluid that that is transported via the xylem vessels and xylem tracheids. The sap is ...

Q: What are parapodia? Where are those found? Give their functions?

A: Parapodia   Parapodia means side feet. As the term suggests, parapodia are the outgrowth of the body...

Q: Name the genera of bacteria that are physiologically similar toPseudomonas and also account for a va...

A: Pseudomonas is Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria that mostly reside in soil and water. Almost all s...

Q: Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with itsfunction?(A) stomach—protein digestion(B...

A: Organ is a group of tissues in a living organism that has a specific purpose or function.  The major...

Q: Compare and contrast the processes of transformation, transduction, and conjugation.

A: Bacteria reproduce via binary fission and splits into two identical daughter cells. Binary fission d...

Q: Briefly explain the term diabetes insipidus.

A: The kidneys are the major organ that forms the excretory system in the body. They regulate the fluid...

Q: Define growth and explain the process of binary fission.

A: Asexual reproduction is a kind of reproduction in which fusion of gametes and change in chromosome n...

Q: 1. The resolving power of a microscope is a function ofa. the magnifying power of the lenses.b. the ...

A: Microscope is an instrument used to see the objects that cannot be seen by naked eye. The use of mic...

Q: MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research article aboutalkaptonuria published in 1902, Garrod suggested thathum...

A: Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic metabolic disorder in which the person is unable to synthesize enzyme...

Q: Define pharynx of cockroach?

A: Cockroach is an insect belonging to the phylum arthropoda.It has a flat and oval shaped body with a ...

Q: Does inbreeding affect allele frequencies? Why or why not? How does it affect genotype frequencies? ...

A: Inbreeding is the process of offspring production from the mating or breeding of individuals or orga...

Q: . Figure  shows the results of a dihybrid cross involving seed shape and seed color. Q. What proport...

A: Introduction  Sir Gregor Mendel is known as Father of Genetics. He was the pioneer scientist who wor...

Q: Outline the method of real-time PCR, and discuss why it is used.

A: PCR which stands for polymerization chain reaction is an analytic technique which is used to amplify...

Q: What predisposes and animal to infectious disease

A: Diseases are caused due to any functional or physical changes from the normal state which may lead t...

Q: What is the  safety  that requires  in the  microbiology  laboratory

A: Microbiology is the study dealing in the specific study of micro-organisms, or the organism not visi...

Q: (Fill in the blank)  selection tends to keep a trait the same overtime while (fill in the blank)  se...

A: Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to surv...

Q: Why doesn’t the starch leave the cellulose bag and move into the beakersolution?

A: Starch Starch is a polysaccharide. It is a primary storage carbohydrate of plants. Starch is insolu...

Q: Another way to study the role of proteins (e.g., transcription factors) that function in development...

A: Proteins are macromolecules formed by the long chain of amino acids and are the functional product o...

Q: what are the basic types of frequency?

A: Frequency refers to the total number of times an event occurred during the whole experiment and its ...

Q: What are the consequences of symbiont genome reduction?

A: About one million of insect species are known today. They are the most abundant class of living anim...

Q: Contrast the arboreal and cursorial hypotheses for the origin of flight in birds.

A: Evolution is a change in the “genetic composition” of a population over multiple generations. It is ...

Q: A cell in prophase II of meiosis contains 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be present in a...

A: Step 1 Mitosis is a type of cell division in which the daughter cells come to have a similar number ...

Q: What are the physiological processes in which caion is involved

A: Many inorganic cations play an essential role in various physiological and cellular processes in pla...

Q: What are the main components of the reticuloendothelial system,and why is it also called the mononuc...

A: The reticuloendothelial system (RES) is a continuous framework of connective tissues throughout the ...

Q: what does chroomatography observation mean?

A: Column fractionation was developed in the 1890s as a technique of separating the various components ...

Q: After the morula stage whatis the next stage? What is themorphological feature thatdefines this stag...

A: The process of post fertilization occurs after the development of zygote i e., after the fusion of s...

Q: Do prokaryotes have transposable elements?

A: The prokaryotes are characterized by the absence of a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound cell o...

Q: What is the first step of nucleosome formation during DNA replication?

A: The nucleosome is the basic level of chromosomal organization. The nucleosome consists of an octamer...

Q: Elastic fibers of the skin are associated with the: a) papillary layer. b) reticular layer....

A: The tissues are of various types such as epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous. They are made...

Q: Name the DNA viruses that are oncogenic, sexually transmitted,spread by blood and blood products, an...

A: Viruses are microscopic agents that can replicate only inside host cells. They can infect all types ...

Q: The transmission of action potentials down a myelinated axon is faster but "saltatory" because of wh...

A: Saltatory conduction is the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of...

Q: What would be the best type of vaccine for cholera?

A: The vaccine constitutes killed whole-cell V. cholerae O1 in coordination with a recombinant B-subuni...

Q: The joint between adjacent vertebrae that includes aninvertebral disc is classified as which type of...

A: A joint is a connection between the bones. The joints allow different types of movement at different...

Q: Muscular nervous and integumentary system work together they can

A: Homeostasis coordinates the functions of the body's systems. It is the tendency towards a relatively...