What is ΔH° for the following phase change? NaCl(s) → NaCl(l) Substance ΔH°f (kJ/mol) NaCl(s) –411.12 NaCl(l) –385.92 a. 797.04 kJ b. 25.20 kJ c. –797.04 kJ d. –25.20 kJ e. 0 kJ

Q: Estimate the boiling point of an unknown substance in deg C if the latent heat of vaporization of…

A: We have to predict the boiling point.

Q: silicon, Si, the heat of vaporization at its normal boiling point of 2355 °C is 297.1 kJ/mol. The…

A: The question is based on the concept of chemical thermodynamics. we have to calculate entropy of…

Q: Given these values, ΔHorxn = +75 kJ; ΔSorxn = +120 J/K; T = 298 K; calculatethe free energy change…

A: The importance of Gibbs energy is that it gives information about the spontaneity of the reaction or…

Q: Calculate the change in the Gibbs free energy (ΔGorxn) in J for the decomposition of carbon…

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Q: What is the sign for each of the following? (Change in) a. S, H, G for the evaporation of a…

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Q: At 25°C, the formation of ammonia from its elements results in a decrease in entropy (∆SRXN = -197…

A: According to the question about the formation of ammonia we have, The Change (decrease) in the…

Q: Predict which substance has greater molar entropy. Explain.(a) CH3OH(l) or C2H5OH(l)             (b)…

A: Standard molar entropy termed as the degree of randomness oof one mol of a sample under standard…

Q: For a particular reaction, AH° = 55.4 kJ and AS" = 94.1 J/K. Assuming these values change very…

A: From given  we are going to calculate spontaneity of the reaction

Q: 1. Consider the freezing of liquid water at -10°C and 1 atm. For this process, what are the signs…

A: Exothermic transitions are those transitions that release heat for example freezing and condensation…

Q: At 25°C, the formation of ammonia from its elements results in a decrease in entropy (∆SRXN = -197…

A: we have to calculate the value of ∆SUNIV

Q: If a process is exothermic and not spontaneous, then what must be true?     ∆S 0   ∆H > 0   ∆H…

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Q: 2 ClO2 (g)   +  2 TiCl4 (l)    →     2 TiO2 (s)   +   5 Cl2 (g)         Delta H =  – 343.8 kJ when…

A: Please have a look on the solutiion:

Q: 3. Consider the dissolution of NH,NO, in a chemical cold pack a. Is the process spontaneous? b. Is…

A: Those reaction in which energy is absorbed are known as the endothermic reactions while the…

Q: The ∆H and ∆S for the decomposition of sulfur tetrabromide to sulfur and liquid bromine is +115 kJ…

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Q: Spontaneous Process Q: consider the vaporization of liquid water at 1 atmosphere. 1. Is the process…

A: Spontaneous process :-  A process is said to be spontaneous if it takes place by itself without the…

Q: Change Is this change spontaneous? O Yes. A solid precipitates from a solution, releasing heat as it…

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Q: Consider a substance with a melting point of 176 K. If this substance is in a container at 115 K…

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Q: 4.36)  Predict the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG of the system for the following processes at 1 atm:  (a)…

A: (a)Given,Normal melting point of ammonia is -77.7 degree Celsius.In this reaction, ammonia melts at…

Q: Determine ∆G° for the phase change CO₂(g) → CO₂(aq) at 25°C.

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Q: Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the…

A: Spontaneous reaction : A reaction is called spontaneous, if the product formation occurs in a given…

Q: Calculate the value of the free energy change, ΔG, for the reaction below at 227.0ºC when the…

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Q: What is the change in entropy of 100 g of ice at 0 degrees C as it is melted at 0 degrees C, heated…

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Q: ) Are the following processes spontaneous or nonspontaneous? What is the sign on AG? a. Water…

A: The spontaneous reaction occurs without any external conditions whereas the nonspontaneous reaction…

Q: For a reaction, Delta H = -145 kJ and Delta S = 220 J. Is the reaction spontaneous? O Always O At…

A: We know ; ∆G = ∆H - T∆S When the Value of ∆G is negative , then the Reaction is spontaneous . &…

Q: Which of these processes are nonspontaneous? Are the nonspontaneous processes impossible?a. a bike…

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Q: The heat of vaporization of methanol, CH3OH, is 35.20 kJ/mol. Its boiling point is 64.6°C. What is…

A: The change in entropy  for the vaporization of methanol has to be calculated, Given: The heat of…

Q: 1. Consider the freezing of liquid water at - 10°C and 1 atm. For this process, what are the signs…

A: Freezing of water at -10℃ and 1 atm, H2O (l) ⇌ H2O (s)

Q: What is the type of entropy change for N2 (g, 10 atm) —> N2 (g, 1atm)? provide description.

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Q: 2 O3(g) → 3 O2(g) ΔS∘∘ = 137.4 J/K; ΔH∘∘ = −285.4 kJ Calculate ΔG∘∘ at 55°C and determine…

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Q: 5. Two white crystalline forms of phosporus. Both forms contain P4 moleculesbut the molecules are…

A: For the transformation of α-form to β-form is spontaneous process in which enthalpy change (ΔH) for…

Q: Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the…

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Q: Which system has the greatest entropy? (a) 1 mol of H2(g)at STP (b) 1 mol of H2(g) at 100 °C and 0.5…

A: Entropy is also a measure of the molecular disorder, or randomness, of a system. The entropy of an…

Q: A certain reaction has ΔH∘ = + 35.8 kJ and ΔS∘ = 85.5 J/K. 1. exothermic or endothermic? 2. Does…

A: “Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…

Q: Which of the following processes has a negative AS? A) CaCO3(s) – CaO(s) + CO,(g) B) H,0(g) – H,0(s)…

A: Entropy: Entropy can be defined as the measurement of randomness or disorderness in the…

Q: A chemist fills a reaction vessel with 2.62 atm nitrogen (N₂) gas, 3.76 atm hydrogen (H₂) gas, and…

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Q: 1) Given the following balanced equations, determine which is in a more disordered state. a. H₂O(l)…

A: Given,

Q: Predict the signs of ΔH and ΔS for the freezing of water at -10 oC

A: Given  Process : Freezing of water  Sign of ∆H and ∆S = ?

Q: Predict the sign of ΔSₛᵧₛ for each process: (a) Gasolinevapors mix with air in a car engine. (b) Hot…

A: Entropy is the measure of randomness.∆Ssys is positive, if the randomness increase and negative if…

Q: Consider a process which has ΔSuniv > 0 at 25°C. Which of the following statements is/are always…

A: Given that : We have to identify which of the following statements is/are always true : I) The…

Q: What is the free energy change for the process shown here under the specified conditions? T = 25…

A: We know that ∆G = ∆G° + RTlnQ ..(1) Here, Q = pH2^3*pN2^1/pNH3^2 = (0.250)^3(0.870)/(12.9)^2 =…

Q: 9. Which of the following statements best describes the entropy of water that freezes in a beaker?…

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Q: The normal melting point of ethylene glycol, C₂H6 O2, is -12.7 °C. For the process of melting, what…

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Q: For a particular reaction, AH° = 67.7 kJ and AS° = 126.9 J/K. Assuming these values change very…

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Q: Given the following reaction: 2NO(g) + Cl2(g) 2NOCl(g) DHorxn = -75.5kJ 1. Is the reaction…

A: The reaction taking place is given as, => 2 NO (g) + Cl2 (g) -------> 2 NOCl (g)…

Q: 4.36)  Predict the sign of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG of the system for the following processes at 1 atm: (a)…

A: (a)Heat energy is added to ammonia to get melt at -60.0 oC so ΔH >0.Disorder is increases in…

Q: 2 ΔΗ for the vaporization of benzene is 31.0 kJ/mol, and the boiling point (at atm of pressure) is…

A: We have been given that

Q: For each pair listed below, which choice has the substance with the highest entropy listed first?…

A: Entropy is defined as the degree of disorder in the substance. The factor that affects the entropy…

Q: What is the sign for ΔS for the system for each of the following processes?   Water and acetone mix…

A: Entropy increases when water and acetone mix to form a liquid solution because mixing two solutions…

Q: Determine the total entropy change when 15.00 g of ice at –15°C is heated to 75°C. The molar heat of…

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Q: 10.43 Which reaction occurs with the greater increase in entropy? Explain your reasoning (a) 2 NO(g)…

A: In nature, every processes have an inclination to progress to a state of larger randomness. The…