what is the best way to come up with how to synthesize carboxylic acid , oct-4-yne  to butanoic acid, or trans cyclodecene to decanedoic acid . I keep getting confused on how to go from the reactants to product, even with the amines. i can't figure out what to use to get to the product.  Please explain Grignard rx as well.

Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781305080485
Author:John E. McMurry
Publisher:John E. McMurry
Chapter20: Carboxylic Acids And Nitriles
Section20.SE: Something Extra
Problem 70AP: Carboxylic acids having a second carbonyl group two atoms away lose CO2 (decarboxylate) through an...
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what is the best way to come up with how to synthesize carboxylic acid , oct-4-yne  to butanoic acid, or trans cyclodecene to decanedoic acid . I keep getting confused on how to go from the reactants to product, even with the amines. i can't figure out what to use to get to the product. 

Please explain Grignard rx as well. 

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