What is the Keq of Reaction #3? Show your work & clearly label your answer. Is Reaction #3 favorable under mammalian cellular conditions when the concentration of dGTP is 0.2 M, dCMP is 20 mM, dGMP-dCMP is 7 mM, and PPi is 10 mM? Use △G to support your answer
Q: Which of the following has the lowest level of chromosome organization? a) 30mm fiber >) Nuclecsome…
A: Chromosome organization refers to the structure and arrangement of chromosomes within the nucleus of…
Q: Use the sequence provided and make use of figure 1 to determine what restriction enzyme uses the…
A: The lambda phage is a Escherichia coli bacteriophage. The virion DNA is linear and double-stranded…
Q: Describe how enzymes work draw and interpret energy diagrams for reactions with and without…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms.
Q: Dehalogenase enzymes catalyze the clevage of C-X bonds. One such dehalogenase catalyzes the…
A: A dehalogenase enzyme removes a halogen atom from a substrate. It is found in certain bacteria such…
Q: Bound bilirubin (conjugated or direct bilirubin): structure, clinical and diagnostic value.
A: Bound bilirubin is a type of bilirubin that has been chemically altered or conjugated with…
Q: Draw the open form of the monosaccharides of digitoxin/digoxin?
A: Digitoxin is a cardiac glycoside, a type of chemical molecule generated from the leaves of Digitalis…
Q: If the fatty acid is esterified with an alcohol of high molecular weight instead of glycerol, the…
A: The esterification of fatty acids with alcohols is a common biochemical process that leads to the…
Q: 6. Similar to the class notes (Intro to Genetics), a segment of DNA (shown below) contains a…
A: Hi! Thank you for the question. since you have not mentioned which part you are looking for, so we…
Q: Facilitated diffusion glucose transport into a muscle cell solute crosses a membrane movement…
A: Active transport and facilitated diffusion are two mechanisms that cells use to move molecules…
Q: 21. The aldose sugar is (A) Glycerose (B) Ribulose (C) Erythrulose (D) Dihydoxyacetone
A: Here provided explanations for each of the answer options in regards to which one is an aldose…
Q: Why is there a difference between the stock solution concentration of chymotrypsin calculated from…
A: Chymotrypsin is a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins in the small intestine. It is commonly…
Q: Describe a peptide bond formation and it’s physical properties.
A: A peptide bond is the bond formed between amino acids in a polypeptide chain. A peptide bond is…
Q: What are the overall benefits/consequences of the Human Genome Project and the ability to quickly…
A: DNA sequencing is the process of determining the exact order of nucleotides (A, C, G, T) in a DNA…
Q: The limit for G-200 beads is 5000-600,000. When you pass two proteins- Protein A (75, 000), Protein…
A: The concept here relates to the use of gel filtration chromatography, which is a type of size…
Q: A lipid containing alcoholic amine residue is (A) Phosphatidic acid (B) Ganglioside (C)…
A: The correct answer is (D) Sphingomyelin, which is a type of sphingolipid containing an alcoholic…
Q: 3. Compounds having the same structural formula but differing in spatial configuration are known as…
A: Stereoisomers are a type of isomer that have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity of…
Q: what are the formal chemical names for sucrose,lactose and maltose?
A: Sucrose, lactose, and maltose are all disaccharides, which are composed of two monosaccharide units…
Q: 13. Explain about Air/H2O pollution.
A: Air and water pollution are major environmental issues that have significant impacts on human health…
Q: What is the denaturant in Anfinsen’s classic experiment to demonstrate that reduced and denatured…
A: Protein folding is a ordered set of pathways which leads to the formation of native conformation of…
Q: N-acetylphenylalaninamide 2. (a) is a substrate of a-chymotrypsin. Draw the structural formula of…
A: Chymotrypsin is a Serine protease that hydrolyses peptides bonds at the Carboxy terminus of Aromatic…
Q: After plasmid isolation, you take 0.5 uL of the sample and mix it with 1 uL of TE buffer. The…
A:
Q: Which of the following gives rise to y-amino butyrate? a) Pyruvate decarboxylation b) Glutamine…
A: γ-Amino butyrate (GABA) is an amino acid derivative that is synthesized from glutamate through a…
Q: Which of the following is a intracellular second messengers? a) Glycine b) Glutamate c)…
A: Intracellular second messengers are small molecules that are produced inside cells in response to…
Q: 9. Classify acid-base disorders and explain them along with compensatory mechanisms.
A: The pH of the blood is an essential factor for the proper functioning of the human body. Any…
Q: Choose the enzyme and cofactors involved in the reaction of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to…
A: Glycolysis is one of the important metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate and…
Q: 1) One key to understanding glucose metabolism is being able to follow a series of…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: What proteins are activated by glucagon? What is the function of each of these proteins?
A: Glucagon is a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas. It is 29 amino acid residues…
Q: Soap, phospholipids and cholesterol are all amphipathic molecules. Provide a drawing of each and…
A: Amphipathic molecules are chemical compounds containing both polar and nonpolar portions in their…
Q: Write a detailed account on water and electrolyte balance in the human body.
A: This answer provides a detailed account of water and electrolyte balance in the human body. It…
Q: How is the electron transport systems of prokaryotes different to eukaryotes and how is it related…
A: The electron transport chain forms a electrochemical gradient. This results in formation of ATP by…
Q: U J It is primarily made up of achiral and acyclic amino acids. It is primarily made up of chiral…
A: Collagen is a fibrous protein that plays an essential role in providing structural support to…
Q: Give the omega-n designation for each acid. Part 1 of 2 gadoleic acid CH₂(CH₂), CH=CH (CH₂),COOH…
A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbon to 36 carbons. The…
Q: Explain the link between carbohydrate loading and success in a marathon race.
A: Carbohydrate loading, also known as glycogen loading, is a dietary strategy used by athletes to…
Q: Calculate the standard free energy change (AG) for the transfer of electrons from succinate to…
A: Biological oxidation-reduction reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one biomolecule,…
Q: Identify the function of the following enzymes: Desulfurase
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of biochemical reactions. The enzymes are…
Q: 2. a) Outline the general mechanism of a coenzyme B12-dependent enzyme which catalyzes the following…
A: We are looking at a biochemical reaction where a 1,2-diol is converted to an aldehyde along with the…
Q: Describe the method used to isolate vesicles for lipid analysis. How is C-Laurdan used to analyze…
A: Introduction: The below answer provides an explanation of two techniques used to study lipid…
Q: At different glucose concentrations (2 mol of glucose, 4 mol of glucose, 8 mol of glucose), at what…
A: We know that glucose is the most favored respiratory substrate of our body. Glucose is efficiently…
Q: Discuss the location and function of the zymogen producing of the gastric pits. Please discuss the…
A: Zymogens, also known as proenzymes, are inactive enzyme precursors that must be biochemically…
Q: Match each description to the appropriate signal transduction stage. Reception A phytochrome…
A: Biochemical signalling is how cells communicate with each other. The effector cell secretes a…
Q: 25) Below are two amino acids: cysteine and histidine. a) Draw the reaction mechanism of a…
A: A peptide bond is formed between the carboxyl group of N-terminal amino acid residue and the amino…
Q: 3. In this question you can do the graphs on your computer. A, Calculate the Vmax and Km in the…
A: Enzyme catalysed reactions follow Michaelis Menton equation which is : Vo=VmaxSKm + [S] Here, Vo is…
Q: Which of the following is not correct about phosphorylation by IRS on serine residue? a) Target…
A: Phosphorylation is a chemical modification process where a phosphate group is added to a protein.…
Q: Which effects the increased levels of hydrogen ions in the inter-membrane space of the mitochondria?…
A: Mitochondria are organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are responsible for producing energy in…
Q: Question 5 of 10 Among the given statements, which one(s) is/are correct about alpha keratin? 1. It…
A: Alpha-keratin is a protein found in vertebrates. It is found in nails, hairs, claws and epidermis of…
Q: 7. Give Brief explanation of Phase I reactions of detoxification.
A: Detoxification is a vital process that the body undergoes to eliminate harmful substances or…
Q: A) What is the enzyme that mediates this reaction? B) What is the significance of this enzyme? What…
A: Enzymes are proteins that catalyse (increase the rate of) biological reactions in living organisms.…
Q: 3. Free bilirubin (unconjugated or indirect bilirubin): structure, clinical and diagnostic value.
A: Free bilirubin, sometimes referred to as unconjugated or indirect bilirubin, is a byproduct of the…
Q: Why is it important that the alcohol used in the DNA extraction is kept cold? The solubility of any…
A: DNA can be extracted from any tissue or cell. There are four basic steps of DNA extraction. They…
Q: 14. The monosaccharide units are linked by 1→ 4 glycosidic linkage in (A) Maltese (B) Sucrose (C)…
A: Carbohydrates are sugar molecules. Saccharides are another name for sugars. Monomer units are single…
What is the Keq of Reaction #3? Show your work & clearly label your answer.
Is Reaction #3 favorable under mammalian cellular conditions when the concentration of dGTP is 0.2 M, dCMP is 20 mM, dGMP-dCMP is 7 mM, and PPi is 10 mM? Use △G to support your answer.
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps
- Among the following biochemical condition, which condition describes forward (spontaneous) reaction? a) Q >> Keq b) ΔΔG=0 c) Keq=1 d) Q << KeqCalculate the actual, physiological ΔG for the reaction at 37 °C, as it occurs in the cytosol of neurons, with phosphocreatine at 4.7 mM, creatine at 1.0 mM, ADP at 0.73 mM, and ATP at 2.6 mM.Why is the overall coupled reaction exergonic?
- Calculate the equilibrium concentration of H2O for the following esterification reaction performed in ethanol(C2H5OH) C2H5OH + CH3CO2H ⇌CH3CO2C2H5 + H2O KC= 4.0 At equilibrium: [CH3CO2H] = 0.75 M; [CH3CO2C2H5 ]= 2.2 MFor the series of reactions below, what is the overall reaction and the value of ∆Go’(kJ/mol) for this set of reactions? Is the reaction spontaneous? (1) 2 Pi+ H2O ➔Pyrophosphate+ H2O (with 5 mM Mg2+) (2) (Mg)Pyrophosphate + AMP ➔(Mg)ATP (3) (Mg)ATP + creatine ➔creatine-phosphate + (Mg)ADPThe phosphoryl group transfer potentials for glucose-1-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate are 20.9 kJ/mol and 13.8 kJ/mol, respectively. (a) What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction shown below at 25 °C? (b) If a mixture was prepared containing 1 m glucose-6-phosphate and 1 x 10-3 M glucose-1-phosphate, what would be the thermodynamically favored direction for the reaction?
- 1. a. Calculate the physiological DG of the reaction shown below at 37°C, as it occurs in the cytosol ofneurons, with phosphocreatine at 4.7 mM, creatine at 1.0 mM, ADP at 0.73 mM, and ATP at 2.6mM. The standard free energy change for the overall reaction is –12.5 kJ/mol. Phosphocreatine + ADP ® creatine + ATP b. The enzyme phosphoglucomutase catalyzes the conversion of glucose 1-phosphate to glucose6-phosphate. Calculate the standard free energy change of this reaction if incubation of 20 mMglucose 1-phosphate (no glucose-6 phosphate initially present) yields a final equilibrium mixtureof 1.0 mM glucose 1-phosphate and 19 mM glucose 6-phosphate at 25°C and pH 7.0. c. If the rate of a nonenzymatic reaction is 1.2 x 10–2 μM s–1, what is the rate of the reaction at 37℃ inthe presence of an enzyme that reduces the activation energy by 30.5 kJ/mol?Trypsin, a peptidase that hydrolyzes polypeptides, functions in the small intestine at an optimum pH of 7.7–8.0. How is the rate of a trypsin-catalyzed reaction affected by each of the following conditions?Given the following information about an enzymatic reaction, calculate the initial velocity. Your numerical answer is assumed to have the units of nM sec-1. Vmax = 5 nM sec-1 KM = 1 mM [S] = 0.25 mM
- Consider the following reaction: Glucose-1-phosphate → Glucose-6-phosphate ΔG° = −7.1 kJ/mol What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 25oC?Lineweaver-Burk plots of enzyme kinetics for the reaction, S <-> P, has the following features: 1/v is zero when 1/[S] equals -40 liter mole^-1; 1/[S] is zero when 1/v equals 2.0 x 10^5 min mole^-1. What are the Vmax and Km? Vmax = 5 umol min^-1, Km = 2.5 mM? Vmax = 5 mmol min^-1, Km = 25 M? Vmax = 5 umol min^-1, Km = 25 mM? Vmax = 5 mol min^-1, Km = 2.5 mM? Vmax = 5 mol min^-1, Km = 25 mM?Lineweaver-Burk plots of enzyme kinetics for the reaction, S <-> P, has the following features: 1/v is zero when 1/[S] equals -40 liter mole^-1; 1/[S] is zero when 1/v equals 2.0 x 10^5 min mole^-1. What are the Vmax and Km?