What is the major purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway? What cofactor (coenzyme) is used?
Q: What is the total number of ATPs resulting from the second stage of carbohydrate metabolism? What…
A: Adenosine triphosphate (in short, ATP) is termed as the cell’s energy currency. It consists of three…
Q: What enzyme is responsible for the degradation of lactose into its component parts?
A: Enzymes are catalysts that speed up or increase the rate of reaction. There are various enzymes that…
Q: Which carbons of glucose will be incorporated into Palmitic acid by the Fatty Acid Synthase?
A: Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the body with the help of enzymes belonging to the fatty acid…
Q: Why is the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate the committed step in glycolysis?
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that occurs in cytoplasm of the cell and converts or breaks down…
Q: What are some types of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that require pyridoxal phosphate as a coenzyme?
A: Pyridoxal phosphate serves as a coenzyme for several enzyme-catalyzed reactions. It is an active…
Q: Why is acetyl CoA an especially appropriate activator for pyruvate carboxylase?
A: The citric acid cycle (TCA) is a catabolic process. It is a series of chemical reactions in which…
Q: What pathway is responsible for the synthesis of glucose from simple precursors?
A: Glucose is produced from the substrates such as glycerol and glucogenic amino acids(like alanine,…
Q: How does control of the glucose-6-phosphatase reaction differ from that of the…
A: Glucose-6-phosphatase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate into glucose…
Q: Why is glycolysis more rapid after the infusion of fructose?
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway of carbohydrate breakdown i.e. glucose breakdown to yield a…
Q: How does the first cycle of fatty acid degradation differ from the subsequent cycles?
A: Metabolism is defined as the entire quantity of biochemical events that occur in an organism's cells…
Q: What roles do thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase playin the metabolism of nucleotides?
A: Thioredoxin reductases are the members of pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.…
Q: How is the pentose phosphate pathway controlled?
A: The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway that runs parallel to glycolysis. It is also…
Q: What glycolytic intermediates are precursors to amino acids?
A: All amino acids are derived from intermediates in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the pentose…
Q: What are the nonoxidative reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway, and why are they important?
A: Pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative to glycolyis and TCA cycle for oxidation of glucose.…
Q: What form of activated glucose is used in the biosynthesis ofglycogen by bacteria?
A: Bacteria are member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms. It has cell walls but lack…
Q: What is the rule of 2 for gluconeogenesis ?
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of formation of glucose from glucogenic amino acids. Enzymes involved…
Q: What cofactors are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions of amino acid anabolism?
A: Introduction: Every last one of the 20 normally occurring amino acids goes through its own…
Q: What is the cost (in ATP equivalents) of transforming glucose to pyruvate via glycolysis and back…
A: Glycolysis is an oxidative process in which one mole of glucose is partially oxidized into the two…
Q: What is the key enzyme of glycolysis which catalyzes the production of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate?
A: Phosphofructokinase is the key enzyme of glycolysis that catalyzes the production of fructose 1,6…
Q: What is the role of malonyl CoA in fatty acid synthesis?
A: Fatty acid synthesis takes place within the cytoplasm where the synthesis of fatty acid occurs from…
Q: What are the functions of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway?
A: The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway in which ribulose-5-phosphate, NADPH, and some…
Q: What is the effect of increasing the concentration of lactose in the action of the enzyme lactase?…
A: Lactase Lactase is a enzyme with digest lactose present in milk or in any solution. It break…
Q: Why is fructose metabolized more rapidly than glucose?
A: Fructose is a ketose sugar which is generally found in fruits. Fructose is also known as fruit…
Q: What is pyrimidine biosynthesis and catabolism?
A: Pyridine biosynthesis and catabolism are two opposite processes involved in pyrimidine metabolism.…
Q: What is the metabolic advantage in the conversion of glucose to lactate, in which there is no net…
A: Metabolism is term which is used to describe all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the…
Q: What are the two major outputs of the pentose phosphate pathway? Which is responsible for dealing…
A: Pentose phosphate pathway metabolic pathway which runs parallel to glycolysis in the cytosol. the…
Q: What is the substrate for the enzyme alpha-amylase?
A: Alpha-amylase (-amylase) is an enzyme with the EC number 3.2.1.1 that breaks down alpha bonds in…
Q: What enzymes are required for the synthesis of a glycogen particle starting from glucose…
A: Glycogen : It is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage…
Q: Why must glucose be “primed” with a high-energy phosphate bond before it can be degraded in the…
A: Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from…
Q: Why is it advantageous for the liver to have both hexokinase and glucokinase to phosphorylate…
A: Introduction: Glucokinase is an enzyme that aids in the phosphorylation of glucose to produce…
Q: What is the source of the energy needed to incorporate glucose residues into glycogen? How is it…
A: Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in…
Q: What are the oxidative reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway?
A: Introduction: The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway that works in tandem with…
Q: What is the major biological source of lactose?
A: Lactose is a white polar, non-hygroscopic solid. It is a disaccharide with the molecular formula of…
Q: when are aminos acids converted into intermediates of the glycolytic pathway and the TCA?
A: All the biomolecules including carbohydrates, proteins and fats can be interconverted by different…
Q: What kind of protein is lactase, the biomolecule that speeds up the breakdown of lactose?
A: Proteins are bimolecules as well as biopolymers composed of amino acids as their monomeric units.
Q: What is the first step in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate into the fructose 6-phosphate?
A: Gluconeogenisis is the process of synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as…
Q: What are the regulation of glycogeonesis and pentose phosphate pathway?
A: Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are reverses of each pathway though they share most of the enzymes in…
Q: What is a ketogenic amino acid? Give three examples.
A: Introduction : Amino acids combine to form proteins. Its basic structure includes: amino group…
Q: What are the processes in amino acid metabolism? Does it need the Electron Transport Chain?
A: During digestion in the gut, proteins are broken down into simpler amino acids. Proteins possess…
Q: What type of bond is hydrolyzed by alpha Amylase?
A: Amylases are of three types namley : 1.Alfla amylase 2.Beta amylase 3.Gamma amylase Amylases are the…
Q: What is the product of the pentose phosphate pathway?
A: A monosaccharide having five carbon atoms is called a pentose. Pentoses have a crucial role in…
Q: Does thiamine pyrophosphate play a role in the reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway? If so,…
A: Yes, thiamine pyrophosphate plays a very important role in the reaction of the pentose phosphate…
Q: What is gluconeogenesis? Why is it important?
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like proteins…
Q: What is the role of sugar phosphates in gluconeogenesis?
A: Cell metabolism can be defined as the chemical process occurring in a living cell that plays an…
Q: What is meant by transamination?
A: Transamination is the process by which amino groups are removed from amino acid and transferred to…
What is the major purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway? What cofactor (coenzyme) is used?
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- What is the total number of ATPs resulting from the second stage of carbohydrate metabolism? What is the total number of ATPs resulting from the Krebs Cycle?What is the first step in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate into the fructose 6-phosphate?What are the processes in amino acid metabolism? Does it need the Electron Transport Chain?
- What is the major biological source of lactose?What is the source of the energy needed to incorporate glucose residues into glycogen? How is it used?What is the effect on the biosynthetic pathways if the oxidative branch of a person’s pentose phosphate pathway is inactive? What effect would it have on the glycolytic pathway?