What is the p value ?

Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012
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ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
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Chapter11: Data Analysis And Probability
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What is the p value ?

According to a census company, 7.1% of all babies bom are of low birth weight. An obstetrician wanted to know whether mothers between the ages of 35 and 39 years
give birth to a higher percentage of low-birth-weight babies. She randomly selected 280 births for which the mother was 35 to 39 years old and found 30
low-birth-weight babies. Complete parts (a) through (c) below.
mothers. What is the expected number of births to mothers 35 to 39 years old that are not low birth weight?
The expected number of low-birth-weight births to 35- to 39-year-old mothers is 19.88
The expected number of births to mothers 35 to 39 years old that are not low birth weight is 260.12
(Type integers or decimals.)
(b) Answer the obstetrician's question at the a= 0.05 level of significance using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test. State the null and alternative hypotheses for this
test.
Ho: p
Но
= 0.071
H1 P
> 0.071
Use technology to compute the P-value for this test. Use the Tech Help button for further assistance.
P-value =
(Round to three decimal places as needed.)
%3D
Transcribed Image Text:According to a census company, 7.1% of all babies bom are of low birth weight. An obstetrician wanted to know whether mothers between the ages of 35 and 39 years give birth to a higher percentage of low-birth-weight babies. She randomly selected 280 births for which the mother was 35 to 39 years old and found 30 low-birth-weight babies. Complete parts (a) through (c) below. mothers. What is the expected number of births to mothers 35 to 39 years old that are not low birth weight? The expected number of low-birth-weight births to 35- to 39-year-old mothers is 19.88 The expected number of births to mothers 35 to 39 years old that are not low birth weight is 260.12 (Type integers or decimals.) (b) Answer the obstetrician's question at the a= 0.05 level of significance using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test. State the null and alternative hypotheses for this test. Ho: p Но = 0.071 H1 P > 0.071 Use technology to compute the P-value for this test. Use the Tech Help button for further assistance. P-value = (Round to three decimal places as needed.) %3D
Expert Solution
Step 1

Note: As per the requirement solving 

From the available information,

The observed frequency for the number of low birth weight births a 35 to 39 year old mother is, 30.

The total number of births is given as 280.

The observed frequency for the number of births to mothers 35 to 39 year old that are not low birth mother is, 

(The total number of births) - (the number of low birth weight births a 35 to 39 year old mother is)

= 280-30

= 250

Given that , the proportion of babies with low birth weight is,

p = 7.1%= 7.1/100=0.071

The expected frequency for the number of low birth weight births a 35 to 39 year old mother is,

n*p = 280*(0.071)= 19.88

The expected frequency for the number of births to mothers 35 to 39 year old that are not low birth mother is, 

n*(1-p)=280*(1-0.071)

            =280*(0.929)

            =260.12

Observed frequency (O)

Expected frequency

(E)

(O-E) (O-E)^2 (O-E)^2/E 
30 19.88 10.12 102.4144 5.15163
250 260.12 -10.12 102.4144 0.39372
Sum:280       5.54535

From the table,

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