What is the relationship between non-disjunction, changes in chromosome number and miscarriage?  Why does this happen more in females? How does maternal age change the outcome? Why?

Q: During what stage of meiosis do t

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: In meiosis, after telophase I, do other cells (comparing one another) have the same combination of…

A: Cell cycle consists of stages of cell growth and reproduction. In M phase of cell cycle, cell…

Q: If nondisjunction occurs in a chromosome pair, what will be its effect on the gametes and the…

A: Nondisjunction occurs when homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to divide properly…

Q: Explain the causes of familial Down syndrome.  How does it differ from Down syndrome due to…

A: Down syndrome is a disorder in which individuals have an extra copy of chromosome 21 instead of two…

Q: When do females form all their ova (eggs)? At stage of Meiosis I are they halted? Can the life style…

A: The oogenesis is the process by which ova (singular- ovum) are produced in the ovary of female body.…

Q: chromosomes

A:

Q: that a gamete underwent meiotic non-disjunction. Explain two possible outcomes for the zygote that…

A: In normal anaphase that occurs during the cell division, sister chromatids are pulled by…

Q: What must happen for a secondary oocyte to complete meiosis

A:

Q: What is crossing over, when does it occur, and what is its significance

A: Genes located close together on the same chromosome are transmitted as a single unit to the daughter…

Q: Why are newborns with an abnormal sex chromosome number more likely to survive than those with an…

A: Humans have a total number of 46 chromosomes that is 23 pairs of chromosomes in which 22 of them are…

Q: What are the periods of the second meiotic division?

A: Meiosis is the reduction division type of cell division in which the original number of chromosome…

Q: The prenatal cells have" Aacc" type alleles, which gamete is not possible?

A: There are majorly three laws proposed by Mendel, which include law is Segregation that describes the…

Q: Why are males  more prone to having x-linked recessive disorders? a. Because the y chromosome is…

A:

Q: What are the types of aneuploidy?

A: Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each…

Q: What is complete dominance?

A: Complete dominance: usually in maximum cases the diploid organisms carry 2 alleles of a gene. When…

Q: What is crossing over? In which period of meiosis does this event occur?

A: Introduction - Crossing over is a biological event in which chromosomes of the same kind line up…

Q: What is crossing over and how does it affect the outcome of meiosis?

A: Meiosis is a type of division in which daughter cells possess half the number of chromosomes of…

Q: How is it that some chromosomal abnormalities are incompatible with life as early as immediately…

A: Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the reasons of miscarriage and stillbirth and spontaneous…

Q: What occurs during crossing over?

A: Cell division is a process by which a cell divides into two or more daughter cells. cell division…

Q: how do the offspring then end up with two copies of these same genes, one from each parent?

A: Reproduction is the process that ensures the continuity of species on earth. It is the main feature…

Q: What are chromosomal disorders? Also gives a suitable example.

A: The chromosomes are thread-like structure located in the nuclei of both plant and animal cells. They…

Q: How often do mistakes occur in meiosis?

A: Answer: Introduction: Meiosis is the process in which the parent cell divides twice into four…

Q: What are the effects of aneuploidy?

A: Aneuploidy refers to losses or gains of individual chromosomes from the normal set of chromosomes.…

Q: How does the first meiotic division result in reducing the number of chromosomes

A: Meiosis is the type of division in which the number of chromosomes in daughter cells is half of the…

Q: A child has a genotype AA, what possible combination of parental genotypes could have produced this…

A: Genotype is the appearance of genes of an individual. Each character in the gene is referred as…

Q: What would be the genetic consequences for the gametes and offspring if crossing over occurred…

A: Sexual reproduction ensures diversity in nature. This diversity is mainly achieved due to the…

Q: In humans,curly hair is dominant over straight hair.A woman heterozygous for hair marries a man with…

A: Genetic conditions are transferred from parent to offspring. Sometimes, they get expressed in the…

Q: How does meiosis explain the first law of Mendel?

A: The process in which the single cell divides twice in order to produce four cells consisting half…

Q: What is sex linked inheritances and how to do crosses?

A: The chromosomes are threadlike structures inside the DNA that provide structural support and contain…

Q: Draw a Punnett square.  cross an XX woman with an XY man. How many kinds of eggs can a woman…

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: Assuming that independence assortment occurs during meiosis what types of gametes will form…

A: Independent assortment is the separation of gene pairs independently from the other gene pairs.…

Q: In Meiosis, what is crossing over, how does it happen, and what is the significance of it?

A: Meiosis is a process in which a single cell divides in order to produce four cells which contains…

Q: A woman who is homozygous for normal color vision mates with a colorblind male. they produce a…

A: Color blindness is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder. In this disease, the person has less…

Q: What is the cause of aneuploidy?

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: Why does a single X chromosome cause infertility and other abnormalities in Turner Syndrome…

A: Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder that mostly affects females. The clinical features of…

Q: What is crossing over? How is meiosis related to this phenomenon?

A: Linked alleles, such as A-b and a-B, combine to form the gametes A-b and a-B, which are responsible…

Q: If you ignore the effect of crossing over, would you expect the genetic information in the two…

A: Spermatogenesis results in mature male gametes, also known as sperm but more precisely as…

Q: During meiosis, does random assortment occur before or after crossing-over?

A: Meiosis is the cell division that includes meiosis I and meiosis II without any DNA replication…

Q: two events in meiosis lead to genetic variation and when does each occur?

A: Meiosis is a simple biological process that occurs in the germ cells of sexually reproducing…

Q: Assuming no crossing over between the gene in question and the, when do alleles segregate during…

A: gene is present in different forms that are expressed in a phenotype; allele is a one of the…

Q: How do the four cells at the end of meiosis differ from the original mother cell?

A: Meiosis is a process in which four cells containing half the original amount of genetic material are…

Q: Trisomy 21, or Down's syndrome, is the result of which event occurring during the meiotic process?

A: Ans. A nucleus, where genetic material is contained in genes, is located on every cell in the human.…

Q: What are the processes of meiosis, gametogenesis, crossing over, and nondisjunction.

A: All these processes take place in gametes.

Q: How many different classes of offspring (events) are present?

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the study of genome of an organism and its gene…

Q: During which phase of meiosis do alleles of a gene separate? Does it occur in meiosis I or II?

A: Anaphase 1 is the third stage of Meiosis I and it occurs after prophase I and metaphase I.

Q: Why are the homologous regions of the X and Y chromosome important during meiosis?

A: One of the defined types of cell divisions characterized by the occurrence of two rounds of division…

Q: If the gene is linked to the "Y" chromosome, women will not have the disorder. Why?

A: Introduction In the nucleus of the cell DNA is packed in a thread like structure called chromosome.…

Q: When is the only time crossing over can occur?

A: The cell cycle is the orderly series of events that allows a cell to grow and divide forming…

Q: Why are the marks of imprinted genes erased and reset during gamete formation?

A: Genomic imprinting is a phenomena which controls the gene expression involved in the embryonic…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.