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- smoke particles in air typically have masses of the order of 10^-16 kg. The rapid, irregular motions of these particles caused by collisions with air molecules can be observed with a microscope. Assume a particular type of smoke particle has a mass of 3.00 x10^-16 kg and is in a room with a temperature of 300 K. a) if instead you were considering a hydrogen gas molecule (m= 3.34x10^-26 kg) at 300 K, would the average translational kinetic energy be larger than, smaller than or equal to that of the smoke particle? b) would the rms speed of the hydrogen atom be larger than, smaller than, or equal to that of the smoke particle?The graph below shows approximate plots of lnP vs. T-1 for three compounds: methanol (CH3OH), methyl chloride (CH3Cl), and propane propane (C3H8), where P is the vapor pressure of the liquid. Match the lines with the compounds. A) A = propane, B = methanol, C = methyl chloride B) A = methyl chloride, B = methanol, C = propane C) A = propane, B = methyl chloride, C = methanol D) A = methanol, B = propane, C = methyl chloride E) A = methanol, B = methyl chloride, C = propaneA lecture hall contains 12 rows of seats. If the professor releases laughing gas (N2O) from the front of the room and tear gas (C6H11OBr) simultaneously from the back of the room, in which row are the students apt to start and to cry simultaneously?
- #20 A small (but heavy) particle placed in a glass of water will follow a zigzag motion because the particle will bounce off of the water molecules it meets. This is called Brownian motion. A physicist simulates this on a computer, by varying the distance a particle can travel (called the mean free length), on average, before it collides with a water molecule and assigning the change in motion to be one of 8 directions, each with a similar probability. By running the simulated particle (with the same mean free length) many times she determines that it should take 15 seconds, on average, for the particle to fall to the bottom, with a standard deviation of 1.5 seconds. Next she lets a real particle fall through a glass of water and finds that it took 18 seconds. What does she conclude, and why?Calculate the density of a mixture of methanol (CH3OH) and water at 20oC having acomposition of 40% w/w methanol (State your assumption(Density of water at 20oC = 998.2 kg/m3; Density of methanol at 20oC = 791.2 kg/m3)2. In a Mars Direct mission, the astronauts would return home in an Earth Return Vehicle (ERV) fueled by methane and oxygen produced from terrestrial hydrogen and Martian CO2 helium-3 extracted from the lunar surface finely-ground Martian rocks accelerated by an electromagnetic mass driver cheap, traditional kerosene fuel brought from Earth We might go back to the Moon someday to mine the lunar surface for an energy resource called methane antimatter hydrazene helium-3
- General Chemistry (Quesion -1) =====================In a commonly used model of the atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure varies with altitude, h, according to the barometric formula:p = p0e–h/Hwhere p0 is the pressure at sea level and H is a constant approximately equal to 8 km. More specifically, H = RT/Mg, where M is the average molar mass of air and T is the temperature at the altitude h. This formula represents the outcome of the competition between the potential energy of the molecules in the gravitational field of the Earth and the stirring effects of thermal motion. Derive this relation by showing that the change in pressure dp for an infinitesimal change in altitude dh where the mass density is ρ is dp = −ρgdh. Remember that ρ depends on the pressure. Evaluate (a) the pressure difference between the top and bottom of a laboratory vessel of height 15 cm, and (b) the external atmospheric pressure at a typical cruising altitude of an aircraft (11 km) when the pressure at ground level is 1.0 atm.(Can be more than one for each thing) -l 3,2,1,0 -mI -1,0,1,-2,2 -ms -1/2, 1/2 b) n 2,1,4,3 I 1,2,0,3 mI 2,1,-2,0,-1 ms 1/2, -1/2
- A8 Raul law expressions and parameter descriptionsThe atmosphere of Mars is 96% CO2, with a pressure ofapproximately 6 x 10−3 atm at the surface. Based on measurementstaken over a period of several years by the RoverEnvironmental Monitoring Station (REMS), the averagedaytime temperature at the REMS location on Mars is–5.7 °C (22 °F), while the average nighttime temperatureis –79 °C (–109 °F). This daily variation in temperature ismuch larger than what we experience on Earth. What factorplays the largest role in this wide temperature variation,the composition or the density of the atmosphere?ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ₃: ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴏʀ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪQᴜᴇꜱ ɪɴ ʏɪᴇʟᴅɪɴɢ ᴏᴄ!ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ: ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪꜰʏ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏʀ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇꜱꜱ ʙᴇɪɴɢ ᴅᴇꜱᴄʀɪʙᴇᴅ._________________ ₁. ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ᴀ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʙᴏʟɪᴄ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇꜱꜱ ɪɴ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴀɴ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪꜱᴍ ᴄᴏɴᴠᴇʀᴛꜱ ᴀᴄᴀʀʙᴏʜʏᴅʀᴀᴛᴇ, ꜱᴜᴄʜ ᴀꜱ ꜱᴛᴀʀᴄʜ ᴏʀ ᴀ ꜱᴜɢᴀʀ, ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴀɴ ᴀʟᴄᴏʜᴏʟ ᴏʀᴀɴ ᴀᴄɪᴅ. _________________ ₂. ᴛʜɪꜱ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ɪꜱ ᴅᴏɴᴇ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ʀᴇᴍᴏᴠᴀʟ ᴏꜰ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀʏ ʏɪᴇʟᴅ ᴀɴ ᴀʟᴋᴇɴᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ. _________________ ₃. ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ᴀ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇꜱꜱ ʙʏ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏɴᴇɴᴛꜱ ɪɴ ᴀ ᴄʜᴇᴍɪᴄᴀʟ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇꜱᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴅɪꜰꜰᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴘᴀʀᴛꜱ (ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ꜰʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ) ᴀᴄᴄᴏʀᴅɪɴɢ ᴛᴏᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴅɪꜰꜰᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ʙᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛꜱ. _________________ ₄. ɪɴ ʟᴀʙᴏʀᴀᴛᴏʀʏ, ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ᴜꜱᴜᴀʟʟʏ ᴄᴀʀʀɪᴇᴅ ᴏᴜᴛ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀᴄᴇᴛʏʟ ᴀɴʜʏᴅʀɪᴅᴇ._________________ ₅. ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪꜱ ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴏʙᴛᴀɪɴ ᴇꜱᴛᴇʀꜱ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ʜʏᴅʀᴏxʏʟ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴀʀʙᴏxʏʟɪᴄ ᴀᴄɪᴅ ᴀᴄᴛꜱ ᴀꜱ ᴀ ʟᴇᴀᴠɪɴɢ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘ ᴀɴᴅ ꜰᴏʀᴍꜱ ᴛʜᴇᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴇ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ꜰɪɴᴀʟ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛ. ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ʀᴇᴘʟᴀᴄᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ -ᴏʀɢʀᴏᴜᴘ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʟᴄᴏʜᴏʟ.