What prevents the toxin component of TA modules from killingthe cell under normal conditions?

Q: What's a good plasmid that marks plasma Membrane for B Cells?

A: A plasmid, a small circle of double-stranded DNA that is separate from the cell’s chromosome and…

Q: What would you surmise if you examined a Kirby-Bauer assay and found individual colonies of the…

A: Antimicrobial is the efficacy to kill the microbes. Drugs that have antimicrobial properties are…

Q: How do we know that during transduction bacterial cell-to- cell contact is not essential?

A: Transduction is a process of genetic recombination by which a foreign DNA is transferred into a…

Q: What are those method being used in clinical practice of covid-19?

A: The Covid-19 is an acute respiratory disease. Which is  caused by the infection of coronavirus. Some…

Q: how many departments in he hospital will need POCT devices for COVID-19 ?

A: INTRODUCTION- Coronaviruses are identified as reason for human diseases globally. The mode of…

Q: What is COVID-19's genetic mutation, and how to prevent widespread diseases and infections.

A: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by the virus known as SARS-CoV-2. The…

Q: Describe the features of a riboswitch that is activated byexcess metabolite concentrations.

A: Regulation of gene expression is dependent on various molecular factors. It is studied under the…

Q: Transduction: Describe the process of generalized transduction as a type of horizontal transfer. In…

A: Horizontal gene transfer is the process of swapping genetic material between contemporary or…

Q: If tryptophan is in high levels, will transcripition stop or initiate?

A: Transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA…

Q: Why covid19 binds to Ace receptors only? Describe it's mechanism of infecting the cells?

A: COVID 19 is a viral infection caused by the novel coronaviruses. It mainly causes respiratory…

Q: How can we combat bacteria, that contain R plasmids, when treating a bacterial infection?

A: Bacteria have been evolving to protect them selves from hazardous compound i.e., antibiotics etc.…

Q: Define antispasmodics

A: As we know A drug is any chemical substance or material that alters the physiology or psychology of…

Q: How hand sanitizer can help us to keep our hand clean especially during COVID-19 pandemic?

A: There is no proof that liquor based hand sanitizers and other antimicrobial items are not good. They…

Q: According to the isolation protocols, what actions should the RN take to ensure that the protocol…

A: The majority of the patients are already vulnerable due to their illness or trauma. They are…

Q: Why are vent polymerase and Pfu more efficient than the Taq polymerase?

A: Polymerase is an enzyme that forms nucleic acids’ long chains. The RNA and DNA polymerase are used…

Q: What is the most significant impact of Covid-19 pandemic in your physical activity?

A: The voluntary body movements that are produces by the skeletal muscle is known as physical activity.…

Q: Phage M13 has often been used for Sel

A: Phage M13 has often been used for Phage display Phage display is a technique where the phage genome…

Q: Q. "Pericarditis-myocarditis syndrome" is caused by which of the following cytotoxic agent?? A.…

A: Pericarditis- myocarditis syndrome:- Pericarditis is the inflammation of the outer fibro-serous…

Q: What is the biological benefit(s) to the organism to have detachment induced cell death?

A: Anoikis is the programmed cell death that occurs in cells that detach from the surrounding…

Q: Qy: d whicel folowing Sucturs reprasent Perfeet orl trap? why? One The

A: Oil traps are formed as the vertical layers of the rock shift shift and move causing the oil deposit…

Q: How did this experiment rule out the possibility that the R cellssimply used the dead S cells’…

A: Genetics is a branch of science that deals in the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation of…

Q: Which statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysins are cell membrane…

A: Toxins refer to poisonous substances that include a class of small molecules and proteins, which are…

Q: hic water cóntains properties that can treat a disease transmitted by nat type of vector?

A: Tonic water treat malaria which is caused by mosquitoes which acts as a vector.  So first option is…

Q: Superinfection immunity refers to: O the inability of a temperate phage to infect any bacterial…

A: Superinfection immunity is often linked to lysogeny, and it appears to be a result of the same…

Q: Draw the arms-legs-waist structure of FAS, and label where the different active sites are located.

A: A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction. The catalyst for biochemical reactions…

Q: The table below shows the response of our ESKAPE safe relatives to 4 bacteria isolated from a master…

A: Antibiotics are the chemical substances that inhibit the growth of microbes.

Q: What is the Membrane attack complex (MAC)?

A: MAC stands for Membrane attack complex. It is also known as the terminal complement complex. MAC is…

Q: How can drug resistance in microorganisms be circumvented?

A: The uselessness of a treatment, such as an antibiotic or antineoplastic, for curing a disease or…

Q: At what stage of the drug development pathways can molecular conjugation and bioconjugation based…

A: Conjugation-  Glucuronidation, the most common phase II reaction, is the only one that occurs in the…

Q: Define Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA transfer?

A: The transfer of genetic material to a plant cell can be done in two methods includes, viral-vector…

Q: How do cadherins, IgSF members, and selectins differ at the molecular level in the way they mediate…

A: Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are a sub-set of cell adhesion proteins present on the cell surface.…

Q: The table below shows the response of our ESKAPE safe relatives to 4 bacteria isolated from a master…

A: Introduction :- Antibiotics are the drugs or the medicine's that are mostly referred in any kind of…

Q: What's the difference betwwen complementary interaction and suppression epistasis?

A: complementary interaction suppression epistasis it is the interaction between two genes which…

Q: Which of these antibiotics would do the best job as a broad spectrum antibiotic?

A: Broad spectrum antibiotic  These antibiotics have effect on numerous different type of bacteria and…

Q: What is antiterminator hairpin ?

A: It is a secondary structure of RNA. It determines interaction in ribozyme and can help in RNA…

Q: What is an IgAase and why would a bacterial pathogenproduce one?

A: The bacteria that have the potential to cause diseases are called pathogenic bacteria.

Q: Can a dog with COVID-19 infect a person

A: COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory medical condition caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2…

Q: With some level of toxic shock syndrome caused by the superantigen produced by Staphylococcus…

A: Staphylococcus aureus - It is round shaped, gram positive bacteria, member of Firmicutes, generally…

Q: Which bacteria produce β-lactamase enzyme which is resistant to penicillin and why?

A: Prokaryotes are the primitive organisms that were the first to develop and harness life on Earth.…

Q: Explain about RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) ?

A: The RISC is expanded as  RNA-induced silencing complex. This is referred to as a multiprotein…

Q: What is required for a bacteriophage T4 virion toattach to an Escherichia coli cell?

A: T4 bacteriophage is the well-studied member of Myoviridae, the most complex family of tailed phages.…

Q: If the cancer vaccine can elicit an inmmune response against the targets found on tumor cells, is…

A: The vaccinations are intended to identify proteins in cancer cells.Antigens are compounds that cause…

Q: To keep antibiotic resistance to a minimum, would it be better to use a broad spectrum antibiotic or…

A: Microorganisms can be killed in many ways such as using Sterilization, Pasteurization by using high…

Q: How to protect one another against covid-19 pandemic?

A: The common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and middle east respiratory syndrome…

Q: cancer treatment

A: For treatment, various strategies are used as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiation therapy. As…

Q: Why gentamicin and tetracycline are not effective against eukaryotic microorganisms such as fungi?

A: Tetracycline and gentamicin are antimicrobial agents.

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.