In a lysogenic pathway, antisense Cro is made. Explain why this renders Cro to be inactive?

Q: Which of the conformations illustrated above (a or b) is more likely PrPc (the normal cellular form…

A: PrP refers to the prion proteins which are present in the body of diseased as well as healthy…

Q: Cytoplasmic extracts from sensitive flies, when injected to resistant strains, can cause the latter…

A: Cytoplasm also defined as the gelatinous fluid present in the cell. Cell organelles are embedded in…

Q: How do we know that during transduction bacterial cell-to- cell contact is not essential?

A: Transduction is a process of genetic recombination by which a foreign DNA is transferred into a…

Q: MRSA are resistant to because they have a O beta-lactam antibiotics including methicillin; mutant…

A: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is caused by a type of staph bacteria…

Q: Describe the features of a riboswitch that is activated byexcess metabolite concentrations.

A: Regulation of gene expression is dependent on various molecular factors. It is studied under the…

Q: A mutated TBP protein Explain: (a) What is the process affected? (b) What is the Effect on the…

A: TATA-Binding protein or TBP attaches specifically to particular sequence of DNA called TATA box.…

Q: Describe the types of cellular damage produced by ROS.

A: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical molecules formed due to the electron…

Q: Describe in detail the kinetics of phage infection followed by host lysis in bacteria. with…

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. The term "bacteriophage" literally means "bacteria…

Q: Explain about auxotroph. Define its working ?

A: Auxotroph are microorganisms that are unable to synthesize an essential nutrient because of gene…

Q: What is the function of COP II in cells?

A: Membrane trafficking causes the movement of various macromolecules, enclosed in membrane-bound…

Q: With regard to promoting the lytic or lysogenic cycle, what wouldhappen if the following genes were…

A: Bacteriophages are virus that infects bacteria. Lambdaphage is an example of a bacteriophage. This…

Q: Rarely, the conjugation of Hfr and F− cells produces two Hfr cells. Explain how this event takes…

A: The conjugation is the process of transfer of DNA from one donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium.…

Q: Why are single-stranded binding (SSB) proteins required?

A: SSBs are nucleoproteins that can be found in bacteria, bacteria, and animals. When opposed to…

Q: What key features distinguish the lytic from the lysogenic cycle?

A: The bacteriophage is commonly known as phage, is a virus particle that infects and replicates within…

Q: Draw the arms-legs-waist structure of FAS, and label where the different active sites are located.

A: A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction. The catalyst for biochemical reactions…

Q: True or False: Hybridoma cells are used to produceantigens designed to attack one and only one site…

A: The monoclonal antibodies are used in the forensic test kits. Most of the immunoassay test kits for…

Q: Define the following terms: a. lytic cycle b. prophage c. transduction d. lysogeny e. nuclocapsid

A: Bacteriophage was a type  virus which uses the  bacterial cell  as a host for the process of…

Q: I have this strain of e coli.  Is P+ o+ Z+ Y+ / I- P+ oC Z- Y+ Will beta-galactosidase and…

A: Lac operon constitutes a set of structural genes regulated by a common promoter in bacteria.

Q: explain the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycle.

A: Many bacteria appear to have embraced lysogeny as a means of surviving and surviving in the…

Q: What is the Membrane attack complex (MAC)?

A: MAC stands for Membrane attack complex. It is also known as the terminal complement complex. MAC is…

Q: Explain why IgG subclasses is most efficient at activating complement?

A: Ans: IgG is one of the class of antibody important in eliciting the immune response.

Q: Describe the mechanism through which oseltamivir (Tamiflu) inhibits influenza virus reproduction.

A: Oseltamivir (also known as TamifluR) is an antiviral neuraminidase inhibitor used to treat and…

Q: Briefly describe the two approaches a bacteriophagecan take to trigger an infection once inside its…

A: A virus can be defined as a submicroscopic organism that consists of genetic information either in…

Q: Contrast the functions of Spo11 and Cas9, twoenzymes that catalyze the formation of doublestrand…

A: The protein spo11 and cas9 plays a crucial role to initiate the recombination process in yeast and…

Q: . In order for a phage to infect the host bacterium, it is preferred that the cell wall is newly…

A: In order for a phage to infect the host bacterium, it is preferred that the cell wall is newly…

Q: MRSA are resistant to because they have a nucleases; mutant chromosome O gyrase inhibitors; mutant…

A: Antibiotics are the medicines which are used to cure infections which are caused by bacteria. These…

Q: Describe in general terms how bacteriophage lambda regulates the switch between lytic and lysogenic…

A: Bacteriophages are very small viral particles that infect bacterial host cells. The replication of…

Q: Please help explain this LAPTM5 Transport HIV-1 Env to the lysosome for degradation

A: Answer

Q: Which metabolic pathways are involved in Covid 19 infections

A: COVID-19 infectious viral disease that is caused by  SARS-CoV-2 strain of coronavirus. They are…

Q: Why does phage T4 need a lysozyme-like protein in order toinfect its host, and what part of T4…

A: Bacteriophages are the viruses that infect and replicate within the bacterial host. They are of two…

Q: How the presence of bacterial genes within a cytoplasmicF factor creates an interesting situation?

A: The bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes. They reproduce through simple mitotic divisions. They do…

Q: Explain how Tryptophan acts as an effector?

A: To explain:  how Tryptophan acts as an effector

Q: Define and compare a bacteriophage lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle.

A: Bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects bacteria. In fact, the term "bacteriophage" literally…

Q: Antibiotic resistance can be transferred from one bacterial cell to another. Describe how this…

A: Antibiotics are effective in fighting against several diseases. Some common antibiotics are:- a)…

Q: How, the immediate translated product is transported from cytoplasm to the ER ?

A: Translation is the process of formation of amino acids using mRNA as a template.

Q: What commits lambda to the lytic versus the lysogenic pathway?

A: Introduction  Virus is composed of viral capsid which is composed of proteins which also acts as…

Q: Suppose you transformed a plasmid vector carrying a human interferon gene into E. coli but none of…

A: Prokaryotes are the primitive organisms that were the first to develop and harness life on Earth.…

Q: Describe the endocytic pathway in general terms

A: Endocytosis remains one of the most attractive issues in biology and biomedical sciences due to its…

Q: Explain the sequence of molecular events that leadsto the synthesis of (p)ppGpp in Escherichia coli…

A: Bacteria are a group of prokaryotic microscopic single celled organisms. They live in diverse…

Q: why is E. histolytica called an invading para Site

A: Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic amoebozoan that lives in an anaerobic environment.

Q: Let’s suppose a drug inhibits the function of the N protein. Would such a drug favor the lysogenic…

A: Lambda phages have two cycles and in both cycles DNA replication, transcription are important. The…

Q: if our immume systems are capable of attacking the trypanosome, why do you think we might see the…

A: Parasites are creatures that live in or on a host and rely on it for food, housing, and…

Q: Define the term cytopathic effect and provide one example.

A: Cytocidal virus infection is often linked with alterations in physiology, cell shape, and sequential…

Q: A transduction experiment was carried out to map the his and leu genes, which are involved in amino…

A: Transduction:- A process of genetic recombination in bacteria in which DNA is transferred from one…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.