When domestic interest rates are too high, but this is expected to last for a short period, the central bank should: O Increase the key interest rate O Add more liquidity to the economy, e.g. by reducing the reserve requirement O Introduce a maximum interest rate (direct control of the interest rate level) O Observe interest rate developments, but usually do not change the use of instruments
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- Assume that at a Monetary Policy Committee meeting the South African Reserve Bank decides to increase the repo rate. what is the impact of a higher repo rate be on real production (Y) and pricesSuppose the current administration decides to increase government expenditures as a means of fighting the COVID-19 crisis. What will be the effect on the real interest rate, the inflation rate, and the output level if the central bank decides to stabilize the inflation rate?Suppose that the central bank buys $1.5 million worth of government bonds from banks. Suppose that the banks desired reserve ratio is 0.25. What happens to the price of bonds and to the nominal interest rate? Justify your answer and mention the direction of change.
- A central bank carries out a contractionary open market operation *Another way of achieving the same thing as in an open market operation is to changethe banks’ refinancing rate. Explain carefully in which direction this rate would have tochange in order to achieve the same effect as the aforementioned contractionary openmarket operation, and how the banks’ reaction to this change brings about this effectThe demand for money is given by Md = $Y (0.3 - i), where $Y = 100 and the supply of money is $20. What is the equilibrium interest rate? What is the impact on the interest rate if central bank money is increased to $25?Consider an economy with a constant nominal money supply, a constant level of real output Y=100, and a constant real interest rate r =0.10. Suppose that the income elasticity of money demand is 0.5 and the interest elasticity of money demand is -0.1. A. By what percentage does the equilibrium price level differ from its initial value if output increases to Y=106 (and r remains a 0.10)? B. By what percentage does the equilibrium price level differ from its initial value if the real interest rate increases to r=0.11 (and Y remains at 100)? C. Suppose that the real interest rate increases to r=0.11. What would real output have to be for the equilibrium price level to remain at its initial value? Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
- Assume that the demand for real money balance (M / P) is M / P = 0.8Y – 200i, where Y is national income, and i is the nominal interest rate (in percent). The real interest rate r is fixed at 5 percent by the investment and saving functions. The expected inflation rate equals the rate of nominal money growth. If Y is 2,500, P is 1.2, and the growth rate of nominal money is 2 percent, what must i and M be? Show all your work, show formula used and explain why.(J) Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT? In our financial market model . Select one: A. the SARB influences the quantity of money in the economy directly by influencing the cost of credit, and therefore the demand for money through changing the repo rate. B. a decrease in the repo rate decreases the interest rate and cost of credit in the economy, and consequently, the demand for and the quantity of money increase. C. the central bank will implement an expansionary monetary policy by decreasing the repo rate to stimulate the economy. D. a lower interest rate on bank loans to clients will increase demand deposits and the quantity of money increases.Assume that the money demand function is (M / P)d = 2,200 – 200r, where r is the interest rate in percent. If the price level is fixed at P=2, and the Fed wants to fix the interest rate at 7 percent, it should set the money supply at: a. 2,000. b. 1,800. c. 1,600. d. 1,400.
- Consider an economy described by the following equations:Y = C + I + G (1)C = 100 + 0.75(Y − T) (2)I = 500 – 50 r (3)G = 125T = 100where Y is GDP, C is consumption, I is investment, G is government purchases, T is taxes, and r is the interest rate. If the economy were at full employment (that is, at its natural rate), GDP would be 2,000.1. Suppose the central bank’s policy is to adjust the money supply to maintain the interest rate at 4 percent, so r = 4. Solve for GDP. Is it greater or lower than full-employment level? How much 2. Assuming no change in monetary policy (as was in part i), what change in government purchases would restore full employment?1. Assuming no change in fiscal policy, what change in the interest rate would restore full employment?Assume that the central bank of Country X wants the economy to be in full-employment equilibrium. What open-market operation should the central bank initiate? Given your answer in part (c), what will be the effect of the central bank’s open-market operation on each of the following in the short run? The nominal interest rate Employment. Explain. Assume that the real interest rate increases in Country X. Will the international value of Country X’s currency increase, decrease, or remain unchanged on the foreign exchange market? Explain. Assume that Country X’s financial account (formerly called capital account) balance is initially zero. Given your answer to part (e), will its financial account balance now be in surplus, be in deficit, or remain at zero?Assume the following IS-LM model: expenditure sector: money sector: AD = C + I + G + NX I = 300 - 20i M = 700 C = 100 + (4/5)YD G = 120 P = 2 YD = Y - TA NX = -20 md = (1/3)Y + 200 - 10i TA = (1/4)Y By how much will the equilibrium level of income (Y) and the interest rate (i) change, if the Fed responds to an increase in government purchases of 160 by increasing nominal money supply to M' = 1,100?