When zinc is refined by electrolysis, the desired half-reaction at the cathode is Zn²⁺(aq) +2e⁻→Zn(s)A competing reaction, which lowers the yield, is the formationof hydrogen gas:2H⁺(aq) +2e⁻→H₂(g)If 91.50% of the current flowing results in zinc being deposited,while 8.50% produces hydrogen gas, how many liters of H₂,measured at STP, form per kilogram of zinc?

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Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electrolyte, electrodes, and some form of external power source are the main components required for conducting electrolysis. A partition, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge, may also be used, but this is optional. These are primarily used to prevent the products from diffusing near the opposing electrode.