Which control antibody can differentiate between plasma membrane and mitochondrial membrane?

Q: “Disruption in the pathway of apoptosis & autophagy can lead to different diseases”- explain.

A: The immune system is a biological structure and process within an organism that protects from and…

Q: Describe the effector system (the cell-killing mechanism) usedby Tc cells.

A: Immune system protects the body against infection. It is a complex network of cells and proteins.…

Q: Explain how a capsule can allow an organism to be serum resistant and avoid phagocytosis.

A: Alternative pathway involves the C3b activation, which include the antibody-mediated immune…

Q: How can chemotaxis be measured quantitatively?

A: The response to a chemical stimulus is more precisely known as the chemotaxis. It is widely…

Q: Summarize the steps in phagocytosis and describe the roles of PAMPs in this process.

A: Phagocytosis is the process performed by specific cells of the immune system. Phagocytosis proceeds…

Q: Outline an experimental approach to measure Amyloid Beta that microglia produces in vitro. What are…

A: The aggregation of Amyloid beta peptides and its progression is regarded as the primary cause…

Q: What is the function of barrier insulators?

A: Genes are the basic structural and functional unit of heredity. They carry coded genetic information…

Q: What kind(s) of intermolecular interactions could be involved in the binding between an antibody and…

A: Intermolecular Interactions These are the interaction between 2 different molecules.  They may be -…

Q: Describe surface membrane barriers and their protective functions.

A: Immunity is described as an organism's ability to resist the attack of invading infections. It is a…

Q: Discuss about cytokinesis

A: Cytokinesis : It is the physical process of cell division which divides the cytoplasm of a parental…

Q: What is the importance of emigration, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis in fighting bacterial invaders?

A: Inflammatory responses can be defined as a complex sequence of events induced by tissue damage by…

Q: Define the term target cell?

A: Cells are the smallest basic and fundamental units of life and so are also referred to as the…

Q: Explain the use of tPAs (Tissue Plasminogen Activator)

A: Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is associated with the breakdown of blood clots present in the…

Q: Why plasma cells are also known as cart wheel cells?

A: Plasma cells are white blood cells, which are produced in the bone marrow.

Q: Which of the enzymatic fragments are able to bind antigen?

A: BASIC INFORMATION  IMMUNE SYSTEM  It defends our body from the foreign particles which can cause…

Q: Describe the three basic kinds of killing cells.

A: Advent of White blood cells (WBC):                   Human body manufactures several types of white…

Q: Describe how microfilaments and microtubules areinvolved in the phagocytosis and destruction of…

A: Phagocytosis is a crucial host defense process used by macrophages and neutrophils to clear off…

Q: What is plasminogen activator?

A: The process of clotting blood in the body is a very complex process involving a multitude of…

Q: 59. Host Defenses. Which part of IgG will bind to antigen?

A: Antibodies bind to the antigen by a lock and key way to the antigens. IgG antibody represents 75% of…

Q: Ion pumps and phagocytosis are both examples of what

A: Ion pump is a transmembrane protein that moves ions across a plasma membrane and phagocytosis is the…

Q: Explain the differences between a receptor, pump, and cell-adhesion molecule.

A: The cell membrane is the structure of the cell that surrounds the cellular material (cytoplasm) and…

Q: Please explain the major regulatory checkpoints in necrosis signaling pathways?

A: In multicellular life forms, cell death is a basic and dynamic interaction that keeps up with tissue…

Q: Explain Using antibodies to monitor protein localization.

A: Proteins are the building blocks of the cell. Studying the protein location helps in determining the…

Q: Explain the role of normal defenses in preventingdisease

A: The immune system is the body's natural defense against disease-causing organisms such as bacteria,…

Q: How ion channels will specifically target the cancer cell and not the normal cells or the cells…

A: Apoptosis also known as organized cell death is a mechanism through which a cell, which is no longer…

Q: What is the target cell response to decreased ligand concentration?

A: A ligand is often a chemical that establishes a bond with a biomolecule to produce a biological…

Q: What are the functions of Defense proteins?

A: Proteins are the polymers of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.

Q: Name the three types of adhesion proteins we talked about in class. Which is used by white blood…

A: Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) are a subset of cell adhesion proteins located on the cell surface and…

Q: Why antibodies raised against a native protein sometimes fails to bind to the corresponding…

A: Introduction: Proteins are the most plentiful natural component of the living system. They happen in…

Q: What are the materials transported and what is the cell membrane structure involved in Phagocytosis?

A: Phagocytosis is a cellular process for engulfing particles larger than 0.5 μm in diameter.

Q: What are the functions of adhesion receptors?

A: Receptors are characterised as specific cell membrane structures. They are mostly made of proteins,…

Q: What is apoptosis and how is it utilized as a quality control mechanism in cellular and humoral…

A: Q  What is apoptosis and how is it utilized as a quality control mechanism in cellular and humoral…

Q: In the classic 1950s recording by David Rogers , Rogers shows a white blood cell chasing a bacterium…

A: White blood cells are a type of cell that helps to fight infection by engulfing and destroying…

Q: Describe the step-by-step procedure of passage cells.

A: Cell passaging or splitting is a procedure that enables a person to hold cells alive and developing…

Q: Explain What are Nod factors and what do they do?

A: Nod factors (NFs) are basically lipochitooligosaccharide molecules discharged by rhizobia, which are…

Q: Why is CRP measured when inflammation is suspected?

A: CRP stands for C-reactive protein, this protein is produced by the liver and it is classified as an…

Q: Define:a. apoptosisb. gangrene

A: The cells undergo changes in response to physiological or pathological stimuli. Any kind of cellular…

Q: Describe the functions of unique surface markers on cell membranes.

A: Cells, the most fundamental and vital unit of life, are found in all living things. A cell oversees…

Q: Describe the THREE classes of plasma membrane receptors.

A: Receptors are protein molecules in a target cell or surface that receive a chemical signal. Chemical…

Q: Ion pumps and phagocytosis are both axamples of?

A: Ion pumps are those that used to transfer of ions from one membrane to another using ATP energy.…

Q: 3. List and briefly describe the steps of phagocytosis.  An outlined illustration will be fine.

A: Phagocytosis is a process of a cell. Phagocytosis is done when cell want to destroy something. It…

Q: How is the entrapped microorganism destroyed within the phagolysosome and autolysosome?

A: An autolysosome is formed when an autophagosome's outer membrane combines with a lysosome. The…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.