Which of the following antibody classes or isotypes facilitate the sequential binding of the C1, C4, C2, and C3 components of the complement system? A. IgA and IgD B. IgA and IgE C. IgD and IgM D. IgE and IgG E. IgM and IgG

Q: 1. A disease that destroys the immune system 2. Disease causing bacteria _3. Traps pathogens in…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…

Q: vaccination provides natural passive immunity A. True B. False 1e. Lymph nodes have several…

A: Answer 1a Toxoids and vaccine function similarly  True this statement is correct.  Answer 1b Active…

Q: plement system of defense is opsonization. This process  A.) creates an acidic environment that…

A: Pathogen can be defined as the infectious agent is considered as the biological agent that  will…

Q: 12. Which of the following statements is not true about active immunity? Select one: a. It forms a…

A: Passive immunity can occur naturally, such as when an infant receives a mother's antibodies through…

Q: 1) Which line of defense are these immune response components part of? A) Complement: B)…

A: Immune system helps in protection of organism against disease.Immune system helps in detection and…

Q: Which of the following is not a consequence of activation of the complement system? Select one: a.…

A: The immune system of the body can help in preventing various diseases as well as in repairing any…

Q: Which of the following are second line defenses?  Check all that apply.   Inflammationchecked…

A: Immunity is a resistence of our body against the invading pathogenic agent. It is also considered as…

Q: The cross-linkage of antigenic cells by antibodies is known asa. opsonization b. a cross-reaction c.…

A: Antibodies bind with antigen via non-covalent bonds like hydrogen bonds, van der waals interaction.…

Q: Which term is used to describe hypersensitivity of the immune system to reLatively harmless…

A: The immune system is made up of special organs, cells and chemicals that fight infection (microbes).…

Q: 1. Which of the following is true about the clonal selection theory? Select one: a. An antigen…

A: Clonal Selection theory states that a particular antigen will activates its counter specific…

Q: 3 4 Some antibodies can be passed from mother to child during breastfeeding. What is this type of…

A: Introduction Antibodies are substances that are produced by the immune cells in response to the…

Q: One of the factors that affects immunogenicity is the foreignness. One of the ways by which the…

A: The right option is c. By isolating all self Ag from immune cells...

Q: Which pathway of complement activation acts in conjunction with the action of antibodies? А. the…

A: Immunity is defined as the ability of an organism to resist infections by pathogens or it is the…

Q: Antibodies are______ . a. antigen receptors c. proteins b. made only by B cells d.all of the above

A: Antibody  Antibody is the Y shaped molecules that fight with foreign objects or pathogens.

Q: 1.Which of the following statements about antibodies is incorrect? a.Antibodies are secreted by…

A: An antibody (Ab), also known as immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped defensive protein produced…

Q: Variable amino acid sequences on the arms of the antibody moleculea. make the antibody specific for…

A: Antibodies are Y-shaped immunoglobulin proteins. They are made of four polypeptide chains - two…

Q: After a second exposure to a vaccine,   Select one: A.  Antibodies are made slowly and in greater…

A: vaccines are killed or attenuated antigens or antigenic molecules . they are used to prevent…

Q: A researcher discovers that a breed of rabbits have antibodies that can neutralize HIV. The…

A: Antigens are the molecular structure, present on the surface on pathogen. Generally, it is protein…

Q: An immunizatin reduces the chance that you will catch a severecase of disease because the…

A: Immunization is the process of developing immunity against the particular pathogen by the…

Q: 1. which antibody isotypes is in lowest concentration in serum? a- IGA b- IgD c-IgG d-IgE e-…

A:

Q: 1. In central tolerance, 3 mechanisms deviate B cells away from making autoreactive antibody. Which…

A: These are multiple choice questions.

Q: Antibodies, complement proteins, and phagocytic cells provide effective protection against all of…

A: The human body is under constant attack by desiccating agents from all over in the form of…

Q: grafts is mainly caused by

A: Graft rejection is a severe problem in the field of organ transplantation. An immune response is a…

Q: 1.The passing of antibodies into newborn babies by their mothers is known as: A) active immunity B)…

A: Innate immunity: Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a type of general protection.…

Q: 1.A patient lacks the ability to make functioning T cells because of a genetic disorder. Would this…

A: B-cells have membrane-bound monomeric kinds of immunoglobulin D and immune gamma globulin that bind…

Q: The function of allelic exclusion is? a. increase the magnitude of antibodies b. increase the…

A: Allelic exclusion is found in case of B cells. When the b cells are showing clinal expansion with…

Q: 2. The following is false about the junctional diversity of antibodies? A. insertion of none-coded…

A: V(D)J recombination is the type of somatic recombination in immune cells like lymphocytes. This is…

Q: 1. After being vaccinated against Hepatitis B and after a positive titer (you developed antibodies),…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will answer only one question for you. If you need any…

Q: A 41-year-old man has a penetrating injury to his right eye. A month later he has worsening vision…

A: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a bilateral diffuse granulomatous intraocular inflammation that…

Q: Which of the following does not accurately describe complement components?   A. made by the spleen…

A: The complement system is the major effectors of the humoral branch of immune system; this is the…

Q: D. antibody B. cell mediated immunity 18. Which of the following best describes the immunity gained…

A: Immunity is defined as the ability of an organism to prevent the entry of harmful microbes in the…

Q: The antigen-binding site of an immunoglobulin is The antigen-binding site of an immunoglobulin is…

A: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped polypeptide structures made up of two heavy…

Q: Select all of the following that are functions performed by different antibodies. a) Group of…

A: Functions performed by different antibodies:- c) Blocking the ability of a pathogen to bind to a…

Q: 1.A given B cell expresses only maternally or paternally derived heavy chains but never both. This…

A: 1.B cell is one of the type of lymphocytes which is responsible for the generation of the antigen…

Q: 2. Which of the following macromolecules usually act as the best immunogens? A. Carbohydrates C.…

A: Hi.Thank you for the question. As per the honor code, we are allowed to answer three sub-parts at a…

Q: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is characterized by which of the following? a. Caused by a…

A: Reproduction is defined as the process of an organism by which it produces a offspring that re…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true regarding the alternative complement pathway? It can be triggered…

A: There are three types of complement pathways: Classical pathway Alternative pathway Lectin pathway

Q: The cytolytic action of the complement system is most similar to the action ofa. interleukin-1.b.…

A: Complement system- It is a cascade system, plays a role in immune system by enhancing the antibodies…

Q: Passive immunization ____. Choose one: A.passive immunization is given only to adults B.is an…

A: INTRODUCTION Passive immunity This is artificial immunity created in humany body by injecting…

Q: B. INFLAMMATION H. NATURAL KILLER CELLS C. ANTIGENS D. ANTIBODIES I. LYSOZYME J. MACROPHAGE E.…

A: Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as…

Q: 3. Which TWO of the following statements are NOT TRUE? O The complementarity determining region is…

A: Immunoglobulins:  Antibodies (Ab), also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are large, Y-shaped proteins…

Q: 1. "Which of the following statements is/are true? The only region in the body where a…

A: A little bean-shaped structure that functions as part of the immunological system of the body. Lymph…

Q: In order to maintain homeostasis in the body, the lymphatic system and _(blank) _ system work…

A: Hi!! Thanks for your question. As you posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which one is…

Q: 5. Which of the following does not describe the outcome of complement activation? a. chemotaxis b.…

A: Complement is a network of plasma proteins that may be triggered directly by pathogens or indirectly…

Q: 1)Discuss the differences between humoral and cell mediated immunity in terms of chemicals and cells…

A: Note: As Per Guidelines, We Can Answer One Question At A Time. Ask Again To get rest answers.…

Q: If the patient's mother had previously vaccinated her son against chickenpox, what form of immunity…

A: Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against different microorganism. They are of 2 types -…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.