Which of the following must be true if the steady state assumption is to be used? Ok₁[E][S]=k₂[ES] Od[ES]/dt=0 [E]T=[ES] Ok₁[E][S] = k₂[ES] -k.₁[ES] (k₂-k.1) / k₁ = 1
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- Define stability from both a kinetic and thermodynamic perspective. Give examples to show the differences in these concepts.Consider the following reaction: CH3X+YCH3Y+X At 25C, the following two experiments were run, yielding the following data: Experiment 1: [Y]0 = 3.0 M [CH3X] (mol/L) Time(h) 7.08 103 1.0 4.52 103 1.5 2.23 103 2.3 4.76 104 4.0 8.44 l05 5.7 2.75 l05 7.0 Experiment 2: [Y]0 = 4.5 M [CH3X] (mol/L) Time(h) 4.50 103 0 1.70 103 1.0 4.19 104 2.5 1.11 104 4.0 2.81 l05 5.5 Experiments also were run at 85C. The value of the rate constant at 85C was found to be 7.88 108 (with the time in units of hours), where [CH3X]0 = 1.0 102 M and [Y]0 = 3.0 M. a. Determine the rate law and the value of k for this reaction at 25C. b. Determine the half-life at 85C. c. Determine Ea for the reaction. d. Given that the C8X bond energy is known to be about 325 kJ/mol, suggest a mechanism that explains the results in parts a and c.11.41 For a drug to be effective in treating an illness, its levels in the bloodstream must be maintained for a period of time. One way to measure the level of a drug in the body is to measure its rate of appearance in the urine. The rate of excretion of penicillin is first order, with a half-life of about 30 min. If a person receives an injection of 25 mg of penicillin at t = 0, how much penicillin remains in the body after 3 hours?
- For the following reaction C(s)+2H2(g)CH4(g) K=0.26 at 1000C (3 significant figures). What is the equilibrium constant at 750C (3 significant figures)?A chemistry grad student measures the performance of the new pump in his lab. The result is: Z=19.1 kPa·mm3·s-1 conver Z to mJ·s-1حد يدبرلنا طريقة حل فرع C A research group discovers a new version of happyase, which they call happyase*, that catalyzes the chemical reaction HAPPY ⇌ SAD. The researchers begin to characterize the enzyme. (a) In the first experiment, with [Et] at 4 nM, they find that the Vmax is 1.6 μM s−1. Based on this experiment, what is the kcat for happyase*? (Include appropriate units.) (b) In another experiment, with [Et] at 1 nM and [HAPPY] at 30 μM, the researchers find that V0 = 300 nM s−1. What is the measured Km of happyase* for its substrate HAPPY? (Include appropriate units.) (c) Further research shows that the purified happyase used in the first two experiments was actually contaminated with a reversible inhibitor called ANGER. When ANGER is carefully removed from the happyase preparation and the two experiments repeated, the measured Vmax in (a) is increased to 4.8 μM s−1, and the measured Km in (b) is now 15 μM. For the inhibitor ANGER, calculate the values of α and α′. . (d)…
- Which energy levels precede and succeed 4s ?1. The decomposition of aqueous sucrose to form the isomers glucose and fructose is a common organic reaction, which requires a strong catalyst: C12H22O11(aq) + H2O(l) → 2C6H12O6(aq). The following data were collected during the process: Time (min) [C12H22O11] (mol/L) 0 0.316 39 0.274 80 0.238 140 0.190 210 0.146 (a)If we performed a new trial with an initial concentration of sucrose of 0.400 mol/L, what concentration would remain after 4.0 h has passed? 2. Methyl isomerizes to acetonitrile, CH3NC(g) → CH3CN(g) at 215°C. The following data were collected during the process: Time (sec) [CH3NC] (mol/L) 2000 0.0110 5000 0.0059 8000 0.0031 12000 0.0014 15000 0.0007 2. (a)Assuming the process continues, what concentration of methyl isonitrile would we expect after 5.00 h?The decomposition of aqueous sucrose to form the isomers glucose and fructose is a common organic reaction, which requires a strong catalyst: C12H22O11(aq) + H2O(l) → 2C6H12O6(aq). The following data were collected during the process: Time (min) [C12H22O11] (mol/L) 0 0.316 39 0.274 80 0.238 140 0.190 210 0.146 (A) If we performed a new trial with an initial concentration of sucrose of 0.400 mol/L, what concentration would remain after 4.0 h has passed?
- Initial temp: 19.06 C 0.5 M concentration 200 mL of HCl and 200 mL of NaOH are combined in an insulated container. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) - - -> H2O (l) ∆H H++ = 0, ∆H OH−− = -230 kJ/mol, ∆H H2O = -286 kJ/mol ∆H reactants = ∆H H++ + ∆H OH−− = -230 + 0 = -230 kJ/mol ∆H reactants = -286 kJ/mol - ( -230 kJ/mol) = -56 kJ/mol H+ (aq) + OH− (aq) - - -> H2O (l) Using your observations and the stoichiometric relationships of the reaction, determine the number of moles that react. Show/upload your work.The radioactive isotope carbon-14 is present in small quantities in all life forms, and it is constantly replenished until the organism dies, after which it decays to stable carbon-12 at a rate proportional to the amount of carbon-14 present, with a half-life of 5550 years. Suppose C(t) is the amount of carbon-14 present at time t. (a) Find the value of the constant k in the differential equation C′=−kC. k= ? (b) In 1988 three teams of scientists found that the Shroud of Turin, which was reputed to be the burial cloth of Jesus, contained about 91 percent of the amount of carbon-14 contained in freshly made cloth of the same material[1]. How was old the Shroud of Turin in 1988, according to these data? Age = ? years [1]: The New York Times, October 18, 1988.A research group discovers a new version of happyase, which they call happyase*, that catalyzes the chemical reaction The researchers begin to characterize the enzyme. a)In the first experiment, with [Et] at 4 nM, they find that the Vmax is 1.6 μM s-1. Based on this experiment, what is the kcat for happyase*? (Include appropriate units.) b)In another experiment, with [Et] at 1 nM and [HAPPY] at 30 μM, the researchers find that V0300 nM s-1. What is the measured Km of happyase* for its substrate HAPPY? (Include appropriate units.) c)Further research shows that the purified happyase* used in the first two experiments wasactually contaminated with a reversible inhibitor called ANGER. When ANGER is carefully removed from the happyase* preparation, and the two experiments repeated, the measured Vmax in (a) is increased to 4.8 μM s-1, and the measured Km in (b) is now 15 μM. For the inhibitor ANGER, calculate the values of αand α’.