Q: How can activity of a hemolytic exotoxin be detected?
A: Introduction Toxins can be of two type on the basis of their secretion viz. Endotoxins and…
Q: Why is it incorrect to say that bacteria produce toxins to harm their host?
A: When a bacterium invades a host cell it may produce a toxin. Toxins are strong elements that are…
Q: What makes Bacillus particularly difficult to kill either by physical or chemical means?
A: Bacillus are aerobic bacteria that are road shaped; they are gram positive and with passing agent…
Q: Why does Mycobacterium tuberculosis direct macrophages to engulf them?
A: Tuberculosis (TB) is an opportunistic infectious disease caused by the bacteria "Mycobacterium…
Q: What is the target for antibiotics such as Penicillins (including semisynthetics), Cephalosporins,…
A: It is required to identify the targets for antibiotics such as Penicillins (including the…
Q: What is malaria ? How it can be cured ?
A: Malaria- It is a dangerous disease. The causes of this disease is parasite. A kind of mosquitoes…
Q: What makes the Amanita phalloides toxins so harmful that even one cap can kill an adult?
A: Amanita phalloides is a most poisonous mushroom. Every part of mushroom is highly poisonous and…
Q: Define 43-kDa connexin
A: Connexins are structurally associated transmembrane proteins that assemble to create gap junctions…
Q: Why are b- lactam antibiotics only bactericidal to growing bacteria?
A: Beta-lactam antibiotics are the antibiotics that are bactericidal, which means they kill bacteria.…
Q: What is a Black Plague?
A: Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses can act as a pathogenic organism and can affect the…
Q: What are adenovirus vectors ?
A: Viruses are the obligate parasites.
Q: Cephalosporins resemble which antibiotic in their mode ofaction and their structure?(a)…
A: A type of antimicrobial substance that is active against bacteria is an antibiotic. It is the most…
Q: why is peptidoglycan synthesis inportant in antibiotic activity? why do antibiotics not interfere…
A: Answer: PEPTIDOGLYCAN : It is a polymer which is made up of sugars and amino acids thats forms the…
Q: How is impetigo spread?
A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of external pathogens. The…
Q: Who produce highest number of antibiotics?
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances produced by certain microorganisms such as bacteria and…
Q: Why do patients with XLA tend to contract infections associated withbacteria, more than viral…
A: Microorganisms or microbes are creatures that are only visible under the microscope. Various…
Q: What medical conditions commonly predispose patients to mycoticinfection?
A: Fungi are the multicellular eukaryotic organisms. They are heterotrophs and contain chitin in their…
Q: How is the microbe that makes penicillin different from the one that makes streptomycin?
A: An antibiotic is a kind of antimicrobial substance dynamic against microbes. It is the main kind of…
Q: For each of the following antibiotics, give the spectrum, primary effect and briefly explain the…
A: Antibiotics are the biochemical compounds mostly obtained from fungi which target prokaryotic cells…
Q: Why does the medical microbiological community propose that physicians be more cautious in their…
A: Antibiotics are the substances used by human organism that inhibit the activity of other…
Q: Two microbiologists are writing a textbook, but they cannot agree where to place the discussion of…
A: A neurotoxin isolated from the clostridium botulinum bacteria (can cause food poisoning) is Botox…
Q: Why do gram-positive bacteria not produce endotoxins?
A: ExotoxinsThey are proteineous substances that are produced within the bacterium as a byproduct of…
Q: What function does the capsule have for Streptococcus mutans?
A: The capsule is the extracellular gel-like layer that surrounds the outside of cell wall of many…
Q: What is the generic name of Prolixin ?
A: A drug is defined as a substance or a medicine capable of altering the physiological function of the…
Q: Which type of bacterial species can induce infections in humans?
A: Species of bacteria which cause disease are called pathogenic bacteria. The body of the human is…
Q: Name the two antibiotics obtained from actinomycetes.
A: Actinomycetes refer to the members of order Actinomycetales that belong to phylum Actinobacteria.…
Q: a. What are the distinctive morphological traits of Corynebacterium?b. How can the pseudomembrane be…
A: Note : We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new…
Q: What would be the best type of vaccine for cholera?
A: The vaccine constitutes killed whole-cell V. cholerae O1 in coordination with a recombinant…
Q: How long does penicillin take to kill infection?
A: Penicillin is a type of antibiotics and they are used to treat bacterial infections. They kill or…
Q: How do microfilariae get into the blood?
A: Microfilariae is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes belonging to family…
Q: Why do the penicillin and cephalosporin groups of drugs have mildertoxicity than other antibiotics?…
A: Antibiotics are the class of medicine which fight against unwanted bacteria in the system. Most of…
Q: Why do most antibacterial drugs not destroy human cells?
A: Antibiotic A chemical substance that inhibits the growth of microorganism by altering the…
Q: What makes bacterial diseases such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens & Clostridium…
A: 1.Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, rod-shaped spore forming bacterium that produces a protein…
Q: Why do penicillins and cephalosporins have a higher therapeutic index than most other antibiotics?
A: Therapeutic index is the ratio that measures the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic…
Q: Which antibiotic listed would be most effective against E Coli?
A: Kirby-Bauer is a type of disk diffusion susceptibility test, which is used to determine the whether…
Q: What is the normal bacterial flora? What is its role in defense?
A: Introduction :- A population of bacteria that lives on or in the body and has a special ecological…
Q: What are some of the disadvantages of using natural penicillin for treatment of infections?
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that control or inhibit the growth of microorganisms,…
Q: What is the target for the antibiotics such as Chloramphenicol, Oxazolidones, Isoniazid, Ethambutol,…
A: It is required to identify the targets for the antibiotics like Chloramphenicol, Oxazolidones,…
Q: Why are there fewer clinically effective antifungal andantiparasitic agents than antibacterial…
A: Antifungal agents or medications are the drugs or pharmaceuticals that either kill or inhibit the…
Q: What is the most effective antibiotic used to treat a UTI?
A: UTI stands for urinary tract infection. It occurs when bacteria manage to get into the urine and…
Q: Is it as effective to take two antibiotics sequentially as it is to take them simultaneously, as…
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are effective against microorganisms. Antibiotic drugs…
Q: How long does a bacterial infection last without antibiotics?
A: Most of the bacterial infections are localized and remain in the specific body part without…
Q: Is Staphylococcus epidermidis catalase positive or negative?
A: Staphylococcus epidermidis Introduction:- Gram-positive bacteria Basically, it is harmless Present…
Q: What is MDMA ?
A: As a result of the biochemical reactions, the body creates a variety of chemical compounds. Some…
Q: Which antibiotic listed would be most effective against staph organisms?
A: Staph organism are Staphylococcus bacteria which is known to cause staph infections like pneumonia ,…
a)
Rifamycins
b)
Tetracyclines
c)
Cephalosporins
d)
Polymyxin B
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- Is it as effective to take two antibiotics sequentially as it is to take them simultaneously, as long as the total length of time that they are both taken is the same? Explain.How long does a bacterial infection last without antibiotics?While it is true that not all coliforms are pathogenic under normal conditions, please name two situations that can occur due to infection by pathogenic strains.
- Why do penicillins and cephalosporins have a higher therapeutic index than most other antibiotics?Cephalosporins resemble which antibiotic in their mode ofaction and their structure?(a) Penicillin(b) Bacitracin(c) Streptomycin(d) Polymyxin(e) TetracyclineWhat makes the Amanita phalloides toxins so harmful that even one cap can kill an adult?