Which of these is a correct statement about energy-yielding pathways in bacteria? O Anaerobic respiration is the only pathway in aerotolerant anaerobes (no aerobic respiration or fermentation). Fermentation makes less ATP compared to aerobic respiration, but more ATP compared to anaerobic respiration. O Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation all occur in facultative anaerobes. O Fermentation is the only pathway in obligate anaerobes (no aerobic or anaerobic respiration).
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
All pathogens are heterotrophic bacteria that acquire energy from the oxidation of organic molecules. The most frequently oxidized substances are carbohydrates (especially glucose), lipids, and protein. Bacterial oxidation of these organic molecules results in the creation of ATP, which serves as the chemical energy source. Energy (ATP) is generated during the dehydrogenation processes that occur during the enzymatic breakdown of glucose. Although bacteria only partially oxidize the organic substrate components, they nonetheless provide sufficient energy for microbial development. Glucose is the most frequently employed hexose in fermentation reactions research.
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