Why is it necessary to calibrate the pH meter?
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Need help on these questions. At least 3-5 sentences (except for question 4 need solution pls), thank you!
1. Why is it necessary to calibrate the pH meter?
2. What is the effect of dilution on the pH of a buffer and the buffer's capacity?
3. Why is there a discrepancy between the calculated pH and the experimental pH of a prepared buffer solution?
4. A Solution is prepared by mixing 80 mL of 0.2 M KH,PO, and 120 mL of 0.2 M KHPO. What is its pH?
5. Why is the electrometric method of pH determination more accurate than the colorimetric method?
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- Nursing question MD ordered morphine SO4 gr 2/5 and the pharmacist has a stock solution of gr 1/8 per milliliter of morphine SO4. How many milliliters of the stock solution is required to fill the Rx?Case Study Four Case Study Assessing Dose Accuracy and Safety and Label Clarity The Pharmacy Department of Miracle Hospital has ordered premixed solutions of cyclophosphamide 200 mg per 500 mL of NaCl 0.9%w/v injection from a specialty pharmacy compounding various parenteral products. The commercial 500 mL NS solution PVC bag has an overfill. The specialty pharmacy prepared the cyclophosphamide admixture by adding 10 mL of a reconstituted solution of 20 mg/mL cyclophosphamide to the 500 mL of NaCl 0.9%w/v PVC bag and labelled the IV admixture as 200 mg of cyclophosphamide per 500 mL. What is the concentration per millilitre of the cyclophosphamide admixture? (Napra 3.1) What volume of this admixture would you draw-up in a syringe to deliver a 40 mg dose? (Napra 3.1) What potential error could result if the premixed cytotoxic admixture is used? (Napra 6.1, 6.2, 9.2) Case Study Having Knowledge of the Clinical Use of Specialty Parenteral Solutions Mark…Multiple choice 11. In Fouchet’s test, what happens when the sample urine contains bilirubin? Barium sulfate reacts with sulfates present in the bilirubin. Barium sulfate is precipitated and oxidized Bilirubin adheres to the precipitate and oxidized by Fouchet’s reagent Ferric chloride is reduced by trichloroacetic acid 13. Which of the following will absorb and decolorize the highest amount of iodine solution? Click all answers that apply Water Butanol Clove oil Peanut oil Peppermint oil 14. Which of the following will leave a stain but NOT grease on paper after a few minutes of exposure to air? Click all answers that apply Water Butanol Clove oil Peanut oil Peppermint oil 15. Which of the following will turn the paper translucent? Click all answers that apply Water Butanol Clove oil Peanut oil Peppermint oil 17. Which of the following will absorb and decolorize the highest…
- Need it in 2 min with brief explanation.Case Study: Kim is a 38-year-old women admitted to the hospital for bulimia. Her laboratory results are as follows: pH 7.48, pCO2 in the normal range, and total HCO3 higher than normal. Classify her acid-base balance as acidosis or alkalosis, and as metabolic or respiratory. Is there evidence of compensation? Propose the mechanism by which bulimia contributed to the lab results seen.POST-LAB QUESTIONS 1) Discuss how the following buffer systems work in the human body: a) Carbonate buffer system b) Phosphate buffer system c) Proteins
- 18. options are: more, less, same amount of18. In general, when the nonbicarbonate buffer concentration is normal, an acute PaCO2 rise to a levelof 60 mm Hg will be associated with which of the following changes in the [HCO3-]? a. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 34 mEq/L. b. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 31 mEq/L. c. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 26 mEq/L. d. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 25 mEq/L.Case Study 6 Pilocarpine suspension eye drops Due to a temporary shortage of pilocarpine eye drops in all brands, your compounding pharmacy has been approached by several pharmacies in your area to provide them with stock to continue patient therapy. You have the following referenced formulas: Formula 0.5% Strength 1% Strength Pilocarpine HCl 0.5 g 1 g NaCl 0.8 g 0.7 g Benzalkonium Chloride Solution 0.02 mL 0.02 mL Disodium Edetate 0.05 g 0.05 g Water for injection qs 100 mL qs 100 mL Sterilize by heating in an autoclave Questions What is the purpose of each excipient? Why does the 1% strength contain less sodium chloride than the 0.5% strength? Why have other pharmacies requested your compounding pharmacy make these for them? What are some quality control tests you may need to do if you are making large batches of this product? What should you do with the product after you have taken samples for QC testing: Sell…
- 18. In general, when the nonbicarbonate buffer concentration is normal, an acute PaCO2 rise to a level of 60 mm Hg will be associated with which of the following changes in the [HCO3-]? a. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 34 mEq/L. b. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 31 mEq/L. c. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 26 mEq/L. d. [HCO3-] rises to approximately 25 mEq/L.PatientAge: 72 Gender: Male Height: 172 cm Weight: 78 kgThe doctor's order is Potassium Chloride 40meq in 1L to run for 8 hours for the patient. Based on the Renal Drug Handbook 3rd Edition, the right rate of administration of potassium chloride is the following. ● Infusion up to 20mmol potassium per hour except in an extreme hypokalaemic emergency where some units give up to 40mmol/hour with cardiac monitoring● Give IV solution well diluted (not exceeding 40mmol/500mL) for peripheral administration.● Mix IV solutions thoroughly to avoid the layering effect● Some units give more concentrated solution centrally: 100–200mmol/100mL sodium chloride 0.9% or glucose 5%, but at a rate not more than 20mmol/hour Does the doctor's order comply with the renal drug handbook?Separation of Amino Acids by Thin Layer Chromatography Lab Questions 7. Why must a pencil be used for drawing the line and spotting? 8. How will the Rf value of a compound be affected if the developing solvent is allowed to run off thetop of the TLC plate (e.g. the TLC plate is allowed to remain in the developing chamber after thesolvent front has reached the top of the plate.)? Explain. Be specific. 9. Describe what an iodine vapor chamber is and explain how does it work? (Hint: Backgroundinformation – showing spots up chemically talks about two methods using Ninhydrin and Iodinecrystals)
