Xin’s blood was drawn and testing was conducted. His hematocrit was 45% and white-blood cell count was 2,500 white-blood cells/mm3, with the differential showing neutrophils 65%, lymphocytes 25%, monocytes 10%. A biopsy was taken of one of the discolored lesions and cell culture. After three days of growth the cells were confirmed as coming from malignant cancerous tissue. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the area around the skin lesions on Xin’s inner thigh revealed enlarged lymph nodes, a sign of potential metastasis. DNA sequencing of the lesion biopsy revealed DNA consistent with human herpesvirus 8, known as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, leading to the diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma. - What Disorders can be ruled in and out from this diagnosis?

Xin’s blood was drawn and testing was conducted. His hematocrit was 45% and white-blood cell count was 2,500 white-blood cells/mm3, with the differential showing neutrophils 65%, lymphocytes 25%, monocytes 10%. A biopsy was taken of one of the discolored lesions and cell culture. After three days of growth the cells were confirmed as coming from malignant cancerous tissue. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the area around the skin lesions on Xin’s inner thigh revealed enlarged lymph nodes, a sign of potential metastasis. DNA sequencing of the lesion biopsy revealed DNA consistent with human herpesvirus 8, known as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, leading to the diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma. - What Disorders can be ruled in and out from this diagnosis?

Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E

6th Edition

ISBN:9781133893943

Author:ESTRIDGE

Publisher:ESTRIDGE

Chapter2: Basic Hematology

Section2.9: White Blood Cell Differential Count

Problem 2.1CS

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With the results below, do you think the patient requires a transfusion? Using current guidlines to support your answer , explain your reason. Investigation Result (normal range - female) Haematology Red cell count (x 1012/L) 4.0 (3.8 – 5.8) Haemoglobin (g/L) 123 (115 – 165) White cell count (x 109/L) 8.1 (3.6 – 11.0) neutrophils 2.9 (1.8 – 7.5) lymphocytes 4.5 (1.0 – 4.0) monocytes 0.62 (0.2 – 0.8) eosinophils 0.10 (0.1 – 0.4) basophils 0.02 (0.02 – 0.1) Platelets (x 109/L) 138 (140 – 400) Prothrombin Time (s) 20 (10 – 14) Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (s) 45 (22 – 36) Biochemistry Serum Bilirubin (µmol/L) 50 (≤21) Serum ALP (IU/L) 300 (30 – 130) Serum AST (IU/L) 527 (≤32) Serum ALT (IU/L) 650 (10 – 35) Serum albumin (g/L) 37 (35 – 50) Urine: Microscopy Faeces: Microscopy WBC <5 per ml No Cryptosporidium seen RBC <5…
A 45-year-old man noticed multiple pinpoint red spots and bruises on his arms and legs. The hematologist confirmed the presence of petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses on his extremities and ordered a complete blood count, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time. The platelet count was 40 x 109/L, the mean platelet volume was 12.2 fL, and the diameter of platelets on the Wright-stained peripheral blood film appeared to exceed 6 mm. Other complete blood count parameters and the coagulation parameters were within normal limits. A Wright-stained bone marrow aspirate smear revealed 10 to 12 small unlobulated megakaryocytes per low-power microscopic field. Do these signs and symptoms indicate systemic (mucocutaneous) or anatomical (soft tissue) bleeding? Why?
A 45-year-old man noticed multiple pinpoint red spots and bruises on his arms and legs. The hematologist confirmed the presence of petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses on his extremities and ordered a complete blood count, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time. The platelet count was 40 x 109/L, the mean platelet volume was 12.2 fL, and the diameter of platelets on the Wright-stained peripheral blood film appeared to exceed 6 mm. Other complete blood count parameters and the coagulation parameters were within normal limits. A Wright-stained bone marrow aspirate smear revealed 10 to 12 small unlobulated megakaryocytes per low-power microscopic field. Is the thrombocytopenia the result of inadequate bone marrow production? Explain why. Do these signs and symptoms indicate systemic (mucocutaneous) or anatomical (soft tissue) bleeding? Why?
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1. Is there a clear-cut demonstration or demarcating line between primary hemostasis and secondary hemostasis or coagulation? Explain your answer in not more than 3 sentences. 2. There are 3 stages in primary hemostasis; platelet adhesion, aggregation and secretion. If one of these is impaired, will there be a production of platelet plug? Defend your answer in not more than 5 sentences.