J 1 DDDDQuestion 25You know that X causes Y. You also know that Z causes X, and that Z does not cause Y. Which ofthese DAGS would be correct?OZ-X-Y-ZOZ-X-Y-ZOX-Z-YO Z-X-YQuestion 26Say that a data generating process can be correctly represented by the DAG Z-X→Y. Whatcontrols would you need to identify the causal effect of X on Y?O Depends on the statistical distribution I chooseO Controlling for Z is necessaryO Depends on the p-value I wantO Controls are not necessary in this caseQuestion 27Assume that a data generating process can be correctly represented by the DAG A-X-Y-B. Whatcontrols would you need to identify the causal effect of X on Y?O Need to control for A or BO No controls necessaryO Need to control for A and BO Need to control for ZQuestion 28You suspect that the data generating process can be described with the DAG: X-Z-Y. Should youinclude Z in your analysis of the relationship between X and Y?O No because it is a colliderO Yes because it is a colliderO No because it is a confounderOYes because it is a confounder

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Answered: You know that X causes Y. You also know…

College Algebra

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337282291

Author:Ron Larson

Publisher:Ron Larson

Chapter6: Systems Of Equations And Inequalities

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 17PS: Cholesterol Cholesterol in human blood is necessary, but too much can lead to health problems. There...

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Cholesterol Cholesterol in human blood is necessary, but too much can lead to health problems. There are three main types of cholesterol: HDL (high-density lipoproteins), LDL (low-density lipoproteins), and VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins). HDL is considered “good” cholesterol; LDL and VLDL are considered “bad” cholesterol. A standard fasting cholesterol blood test measures total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. These numbers are used to estimate LDL and VLDL, which are difficult to measure directly. Your doctor recommends that your combined LDL/VLDL cholesterol level be less than 130 milligrams per deciliter, your HDL cholesterol level be at least 60 milligrams per deciliter, and your total cholesterol level be no more than 200 milligrams per deciliter. (a) Write a system of linear inequalities for the recommended cholesterol levels. Let x represent the HDL cholesterol level, and let y represent the combined LDL VLDL cholesterol level. (b) Graph the system of inequalities from part (a). Label any vertices of the solution region. (c) Is the following set of cholesterol levels within the recommendations? Explain. LDL/VLDL: 120 milligrams per deciliter HDL: 90 milligrams per deciliter Total: 210 milligrams per deciliter (d) Give an example of cholesterol levels in which the LDL/VLDL cholesterol level is too high but the HDL cholesterol level is acceptable. (e) Another recommendation is that the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol be less than 4 (that is, less than 4 to 1). Identify a point in the solution region from part (b) that meets this recommendation, and explain why it meets the recommendation.

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You know that X causes Y. You also know that Z causes X, and that Z does not cause Y. Which of these DAGS would be correct? ON-X-Y-Z OZ-X-Y-Z OX-Z-Y OZ-X-Y