Cytogenetics

Prolonged exposure to several chemotherapy agents such as alkylating agents [4], epipodophyllotoxins and anthracyclines [5] have been known to increase the risk of AML.Chromosomal translocation between 8 & 21 and 15 & 16 and inversion of 16 brings some cytogenetic changes which results in a subtype of AML known as Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia (M3 or APL) [6]. Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia or CML is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm or myelodysplastic syndrome typically caused by outgrowth and accumulation of

Myelodysplasia syndrome (MDS), is a type of disease that is associated with abnormal cells in the blood and bone marrow. Patients with the disease commonly have immature stem cells which result in unhealthy progenies such as platelets, red and white blood cells. There are different types of MDS, which are analyzed by certain changes in the blood or bone marrow. MDS can be more commonly found in Men in their 60’s seeing how the chances of myelodysplasia syndrome increases with age. Genetics also

Introduction The modern biosocial perspective of criminal behavior covers many different areas of studies. The aspects this paper will be focusing on are familial studies, brain injuries, and cytogenetic studies. It should be taken into consideration that every situation and person is different; therefore, the results from the studies will most likely vary significantly. This theory discusses the thinking that instead of a nature versus nurture point of view, criminology should be studied from a

Phase I clinical trials of Imatinib began in 1998 with the intention to determine the maximally tolerated dose. Chronic CML patients who did not respond to a current chemotherapy for CML, interferon- (IFN), were used. Though the maximally tolerated dose was not identified, remarkably, 53 of the 54 patients showed hematologic responses even though they were already in the chronic stages of CML (Deininger, Buchdunger and Druker, 2005). With such great results, phase II of Imatinib started in 1999.

Double whammy - IgM Lambda Multiple Myeloma and Normotensive ATN abetting AKI Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow producing monoclonal immunoglobulins. We present a case of light chain lambda predominant MM resulting in acute kidney injury necessitating long term hemodialysis. A 50 year old male with arterial hypertension and well controlled diabetes presented with complaints of nausea, vomiting and fatigue

A concentration is on particular physical problems when each infant is born. According to an educational website, “Patau Syndrome is diagnosed by a prenatal diagnosis. Chorionic villus sampling is needed to make a definitive prenatal diagnosis. Cytogenetic of fetal blood may also be carried out” ("Trisomy 13 - Genetics Home Reference” 2017). Patau Syndrome can be diagnosed before birth by amniocentesis with chromosome studies of the amniotic cells. Patau syndrome occurs as a random event throughout

The present study investigates the cytogenetic changes that could be induced in cancer cells after treatment with PDT. In this work, we evaluated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects that could be induced by 5-ALA/PDT on two different cancer cell lines; adenocarcinoma breast cancer (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). When MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines treated with 5-ALA (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2mM) alone for 4h then incubated for 24h, 5-ALA did not induce cytotoxic effects on both cell lines. Also

reproducibility and reliability of MPDs diagnosis. Moreover, the new classification of PMDs is based on the number of clinical-pathological studies have now confirmed the WHO claim of a combined approach that includes molecular genetics, morphologic, cytogenetic, and hematologic findings. For these reasons, the fourth edition PMDs classification is being updated, but the recent WHO classification is not a major renovation of PMDs categories. Rather, it is anticipated to incorporate new knowledge of these

A. Metabolic Pathway Lactate Dehydrogenase is involved in The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is involved in the metabolic pathway lactic fermentation. There are two types of lactic acid fermentation classified based on products (). While both types produce molecules that can be used by the cell for energy such as ATP, other products vary. The first type is called homolactic fermentation and only produces lactate. The second type is called heterolactic fermentation and produces lactate as well as carbon

understand that they have done the studies that show that the 2 main ingredients in ADHD medication do not harm the structure and function of chromosomes. “Our results indicate that methylphenidate- and amphetamine- based products do not indie cytogenetic damage.” (A1) The two products that are in ADHD medication are known as safe, and do not harm any genetic information. “In contrast to recent findings, two of the most common medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder