Electroactive polymers

The structure of polypyrrole consists of long conjugated polymer backbone as shown in Fig. 1.2b. The polymer has resonance structures that resemble aromatic or quinoid forms. In this neutral state the polymer is not conducting and it conducts only when it is oxidised. Polypyrrole is an insulator but its oxidized derivatives are good conductors. The Conductivity ranges from 2 to 100 S/cm. The charge associated with the oxidised state is typically delocalised over several units and can form

molecular of polymer chains by the three dimension crosslinking in its structure (Sirousazar, Kokabi et al. 2012). In this part we want to improve the disadvantages without loss the advantage of hydrogels, by preparing a composite materials specially nanocomposite materials. 1.6 Composite materials: They are mixtures of materials with different physical and chemical properties, in composite material one of the materials are matrix and the other are filler. The matrix can be polymers, metals or

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Composite materials are the engineering materials made from two or more constituent materials they remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level but forming a single component or Composites can defined as materials that consist of two more chemically and physically different phases separated by a distinct interface(matrix phase and dispersed phase). The different systems are combined judiciously to achieve a component with more and more useful structural or functional

Introduction Tyres are the Only point of contact of the vehicle with the road. The Intensions of the driver are finally executed by the tyres only, hence the quality and design of the tyres is important. Company Profile Apollo Tyres Ltd, with its corporate headquarters in Gurgaon, India, is in the business of manufacture and sale of tyres since its inception in 1972. Apollo Tyres Ltd is the World's 17th biggest tyre manufacturer and the leading tyre manufacturing company in India. They are engaged

However, polymers are also known for their low thermal conductivity, relatively high flammability, most often accompanied by the production of corrosive or toxic gases and smoke during combustion. Consequently, improving the thermal properties and fire retardant behaviour of polymers is a major challenge for extending their use to most applications. The most of the polymers have thermal conductivity less than 0.5 W/m K. Improved thermal conductivity in polymers may be achieved either

Vishesh Kumar Period 2 November, 4th, 2016 CHS Problem Statement What is the stress strain behavior of various plastic products made by the synthetic polymer polyethene? Hypothesis If the polyethyne plastics have a composition of more carbon, it will be able to take more stress with less side effects. The more carbon will make the plastics stronger The Varibales The dependant variable is the way that the stress is measured or the affects that the materials have after

are organic polymers. In 1600 BC, Mesoamericans used natural rubber for balls, bands, and figurines. In 1839, Charles Goodyear discovered a process in which sulfur reacted with crude rubber when heated and then cooled. The rubber became resilient upon cooling, it could stretch, but it snapped back to its original shape. It also retained its flexibility when heated. We now know that the sulfur forms chemical bonds between adjacent rubber polymer strands. The bonds cross-link the polymer strands, allowing

Observation: One day my mom was doing my sister’s nails and decided to do nail art and poured some nail polish onto a styrofoam plate and before she could put it on the brush it burned a hole through the plate. After I saw that I decided that when I had to do a science fair project that's what I would do and here we are. I got the information to do this (like the procedure) from a website called education.com. I found out chemical name nail polish and styrofoam on sciencefix.com and gal science

Unknown 5- Polypropylene We found that Polypropylene was our 5th unknown. Polypropylene (C3H6) or more commonly referred to as PP, is used for labeling, packaging, textiles, and stationery. In 1957, the crystallization of polymer was discovered. Soon fabric was made from the polymer, and was in high demand. It can also be used for moldings of cars, film, tape, foam and carpet. Polypropylene can not be glued to any objects or itself, and so it is melded. After Polyethylene, Polypropylene is the highest

A 29er mountain bike is built with 622 mm, ISO (inside rim diameter) wheels compare with other mountain bike where only use 26 inch wheels. The 29er mountain bike is widely used for trekking, road racing, outdoor and hybrid used. Basic mountain bike come with a slim frame, knobby tires, build-in suspension to prevent bumpy ride during the off-road track. Most of suspension bikes on the market today, the price range ranged across over $500 with wide wheels and aluminum lightweight frame. However