Myelin

Nerve conduction studies are often utilized by clinician to diagnose patients suffering neuromuscular diseases that cannot be determined by neurological examination alone. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) measures the speed of conduction of an electrical impulse that travels through a nerve. It is an expression of the physiological state of the nerve itself. In order to determine the NCV of the Ulnar nerve, a stimulator is initially used to depolarize the nerve. A small electrical stimulus is applied

may also be a combination of motor neurons and sensory neurons in other nerves. This eventually ends in our bodies responding to the initial change. The anatomy of the neuron in the simplest form consists of a cell body, nucleus, dendrites, axon, myelin sheaths, axon branches and axon bulbs. The cell body of the neuron

Stem cells are cells that have the ability to generate other cells. If research continues going the way it is now stem cells could potentially reduce the need for insulin in diabetics and treat various conditions and diseases. The discovery of stem cells, how they differentiate and their potential use in medicine are very important stories. Stem Cells can be obtained two different ways, one from embryos, which are called embryonic stem cells, and one from adults, called adult stem cells. Stem cell

Lorenzo’s Oil In 1984, Lorenzo Michael Murphy Odone, just a young boy at the age of 5, was diagnosed with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). ALD is an extremely rare genetic disorder that causes damage to the myelin sheath, which is the protective layer that surrounds the central nervous system’s nerve fibers. This demyelination prevents and impairs the conduction of signals to and from the brain, causing many problems such as aggression, visual loss, learning disabilities, dysphagia, and hearing loss

system of vertebrates. This is why they were named glial cells because the Greek word glia means glue (Moyes 182). One type of glial cells that is part of the peripheral nervous system is Schwann cells (Moyes 182). Collectively, these cells make up the myelin sheath and help repair any damage that might happen to the motor or sensory neurons (Moyes 182). Oligodendrocytes is another type of glial cells located in the central nervous system (Moyes 182). They differ from Schwann cells because they are able

Cell signaling in the central nervous system refers to the communication that occurs in cells to coordinate* cell actions, as the cells receive and respond to other cells to help with many functions in the body, from immunity to development to growth. Cell signaling begins at the axon of the cell, which is the long fiber part of a nerve cell where electrical impulses are conducted and sent from the cell body through the axon to other cells. At the axon the action potential (define short-term change

Neuroscience, the scientific study of the biology of the brain has shown us that adolescence is a period of profound brain growth and alteration. In fact, the brain of an early adolescent compared to that of a late adolescent differs measurably in anatomy, biochemistry, and physiology. (Weinberger, Elvevåg, & Giedd, 2005) Between childhood and adulthood, the brain’s "wiring diagram" becomes richer, more complex and more efficient, especially in the frontal lobe, or front outer mantle, which is

synaptic cleft between two nerve cells and the postsynaptic ending that contains receptors. The communication between neurons advances through a series of steps. First, the presynaptic neuron delivers an action potential down its axon until it loses its myelin sheath and divides into many branches called buttons or synaptic knobs. (Zillmer, 2008, p. 105) Between the two neurons is a space called the synaptic cleft. This is the space where neurotransmitters are sent before being received by the postsynaptic

Big Idea 3 talks about how living systems keep, bring back, transport and react to facts that is important in life. Genetic material is very important because without it we cannot reproduce and the future generations cannot inherit our genes. DNA consists of a double stranded structure so that heritable information can be transmitted efficiently by making use of each strand as a guide. With the help of DNA polymerase, information that already existed can be kept and duplicated. When there is a disturbance

There have been many situations which have shaped my character, but the one situation that is the basis of myself is my mother. When I was two years old, my mother was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis or MS. MS is a disease that disables the central nervous system and thus disrupts the flow of information to the brain, which then goes out to the body. In every diagnosed person, the symptoms are different and so is the severity. In the beginning, my mother’s situation didn’t seem so terrible