Could inducing neurogenesis be a future treatment for autism, psychopathy and other disorders linked to functional deficiencies of the amygdala? It has been demonstrated by research that some neurogenesis occurs in the hippocampus and amygdala, which work together to impact memories, emotions and learning, and they are considered responsible for social intelligence. Clinical psychopaths have been shown to have reduced activity in the amygdala when given certain stimuli. Some research suggests
modulation of learning and memory- A role for hippocampal neurogenesis? Hippocampal neurogenesis Neurogenesis is the birth of new neurons. It is a multistep process which consists of asymmetric division of neural stems ultimately leading to the generation of new neurons. In the hippocampus, neurogenesis occurs predominantly during embryonic development and also during adulthood (Altman and Das, 1965). In the human brain, adult neurogenesis occurs in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus throughout
or alternatively enhancing neurogenesis. This limbic structure is readily influenced by the stress response, namely the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis (Kolb and Whishaw, 2013). Aged individuals tend to exhibit elevated levels of corticosteroids, which promote hippocampal deterioration (Cameron and McKay, 1999). A specific region within the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, is unique in that it not only succumbs to such effects but continues to undergo neurogenesis (Cameron and McKay, 1999)
The Effect of Aging on Neural Cells Introduction: Neurogenesis is defined as the creation of new brain cells. Before studies proved that neural cells do have the capacity to proliferate and repair themselves, it was often believed that species are born with a distinct amount of neural cells and as time passes, these cells would die without the ability to be healed or replaced. It was thought that the cells were mainly formed during the embryonic and perinatal stages in the mammals (Ming and Song
of this disorder as well as highlight flaws in the original theory. Among these is the neurogenesis theory of depression. This theory was established by BL Jacobs, H van Praag, and FH Gage (2000) through a review of work that had been performed in the 1990s. Upon evaluation of the previous literature, they found that drugs that increase serotonin such as d,l-fenfluramine also stimulate hippocampal neurogenesis. Due to this, they theorized that the birth of new neurons in the hippocampus was an important
(BDNF) expression and neuroplasticity (Yau, Gil-Mohapel, Christie, & So, 2014). This paper will explore the negative impacts that chronic stress and aging have on our brains’ plasticity and how we can reverse this through regular physical activity. Neurogenesis is defined as the birth of new neurons that can occur into and throughout adulthood (Yau, S., Gil-Mohapel, J., Christie, B. R., & So, K. (2014) . This process plays a fundamental role in neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to
accentuates the relationship between the hippocampus and MDD being mediated through stress. There are various hypotheses regarding what may cause hippocampal volume diminution as a consequence of stress. Major propositions involve hippocampal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (Becker and Wojtowicz, 2007), glial numbers, apoptosis (Czeh and Lucassen, 2007) and granule neuron numbers (Boldrini et al., 2013). Other mechanisms that may affect hippocampal volume like neuropil reduction, shifts in fluid
During normal development of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), neural stem cells (NSC) give rise to neurons via process of neurogenesis (Kempermann et al., 2004; Zhao et al., 2008). Neurogenesis normally occurs in dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus and lateral ventricle of sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) (Zhao et al., 2008). Hippocampal neurogenesis plays pivotal role in neurologic and psychiatric disorder like epilepsy, depression, schizophrenia and mood disorders (Antonova et al
play a vital role in scientific development in years to come. In the spectrum of these cells is GDF11. GDF11 will, at some point, be clinically administered to humans, and it thought to have the power to slow Alzheimer’s and increase rate of neurogenesis. This research builds on centuries of conjectures that the blood of youths contains agents which might replenish that of an elder. When the first para-biotic test was administered with this purpose in the 1950's by Clive McCay, they found that
Out of the Blue: Six Non-medication Strategies for Relieving Depression In the 2016 video, “Out of the Blue: Six Non-medication Strategies for Relieving Depression” Bill O’Hanlon said that in his research he discovered that since 1997 depression the rates of depression have radically increased 300%. As counselors, depressed individual make up a large portion of the clients we typically see and depending on the client depression can be challenging to treat. Medications can often help some client