Proton Saga

History In 1898, a Scottish chemist by the name Sir William Ramsay and an English chemist named Morris M. Travers discovered Neon. Named after the Greek word neos meaning new, it was discovered by the chemists after attempting to identify the tiny amount of liquid left over from oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon after being extracted from liquid air, also known as distillation. ("Neon," 2000) After the extraction was complete they found three new sets of spectral lines. This led to the

Introduction: All materials with which we work are made up of atoms. Though atoms are neutral, the atoms themselves are made up of charged particles: Protons which are positively charged, neutrons which have no charge, and electrons which are negatively charged. Even though atoms are neutral, charge can still be transferred through the fact that not all atoms or molecules hold on to their electrons with the same strength, and when two substances are in contact the transfer of charge can occur.

Mass spectroscopy is a technique used to determine an unknown compound’s molecular weight and formula. Mass spectrum, a graph that compares relative intensity (% of Base Peak) to Mass to Charge ratio (m/z) is created when the direction of the molecule, which becomes ionized, changes in the magnetic field, allowing the detection of mass. Fragmentation also occurs during the process of mass spectrometry, creating negative and positive ions. However, mass spectrometry only identifies positive ions

John Dalton was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologists, his work today helps us better understand the model of the atom and the way that the atom functions. Dalton’s work provided the evidence that elements contain atoms. Thomson tinkered with experiments and investigation and after numerous experiments using a Cathode Ray Tube helped him to discover the electron. John Dalton’s beliefs, however, were that the atoms were highly indivisible particles, furthermore Thomson’s Discovery of the

negatively charged particles that can be found in the atom. Electrons will be located around clouds that surround the nucleus of an atom. All Together the atom creates a negative charge that will make sure that it balances the positive charge of the protons in the atomic nucleus. These clouds are at a certain distance from the nucleus which is properly put into the shells. Due to the fact that electrons move so quickly it is impossible to see where they are at certain point in time. The overall shape

Early atomic model experiments Thomson’s discovery of the electron in 1897 and the atomic model, with his findings of the atom containing electrons, each with an individual unit of negative charge. Thomson also found that electrons were very light when compared to the mass of the atoms in which they came from. This is because atoms were known to be electrically neutral, the remainder of the atom had to be positively charged and form most of the weight in the atom. Thomson used his plum pudding model

Zinc has an atomic structure of 4 levels. As shown above, these are the 4 shells. The four levels display their individual energy, overall adding up to the atomic number of 30. This can be seen below. First energy level: 2 Second energy level: 8 Third energy level: 18 Fourth energy level: 2 Total energy level: 30 Where is Zinc located in the Periodic Table ??? Zinc can be found in Period 1 and Group 4 on the periodic table ( In red at the bottom) This is because of the atomic number that zinc

1 Introduction 1.1 A Brief History of Early Nuclear Physics In the early 1900s it was seen that a small number of alpha particles were deflected by a large angle, the current model at the time predicted only small deflections of the particles. These results were explained by introducing a tiny positively charged nucleus into our picture of the atom. Although beta decay had been observed as early as 1896 and was known to contain electrons, it wasn’t until 1914 that they would break the law of energy

positively charged nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, and the shells (orbitals) in which electrons are present, were they orbit around the positively charged nucleus to create a neutral atom. The Atoms are thus made up of three subatomic particles: The proton, neutrons and electrons. The protons are positively charged while the electrons are negatively charged, and the neutrons are neutral. For an atom to be neutral we thus need to have as much protons in the nucleus, as there is electrons

just like the planets. Atoms are basic units of matter that are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are particles that are found in the center of the atom, and the electrons are particles that are found in shells that orbit around the nucleus of the atom. The nucleus was discovered in 1911, by Ernest Rutherford and it is known for holding the protons and neutrons, and it 's also in the middle of the proton. Atoms have many other things that are special and important to use