Yeast cells

Objective: The purpose of the fermentation lab was to test alcoholic fermentation in yeast. Alcoholic fermentation is the main process that yeast cells use to produce ATP. The objective of the lab was to produce the fluffiest yeast possible through changing the temperature and sugar content with in mixture. The fluffiness is caused by the CO2 bubbles in order to create the ideal mixture of yeast the maximum amount of CO2 is necessary. Procedure: Step 1: Prepare and label 2 40 mL of water in a beaker

Practical Investigation Part B: Investigation Report Abstract PH can affect the way fermentation occurs due to the irregularity of the acidity or alkalinity within the glucose concentration. The aim of this experiment is to determine how pH affects the yeast fermentation rate by performing the experiment numerous times with a different pH in the glucose solution. My hypothesis states that ‘If the pH is lower than the neutral point then the fermentation reaction will occur faster?’ To set this experiment

all, yeast is one microbe that is used to make a food that I consume quite often, called bread. A. Yeast is a fungus called Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

provides a rich set of opportunities. For the MS thesis project, I am working as a researcher in Dr. Quan Zhong’s lab. This lab follows systems biology approach for the discovery of underlying genetic factors in human diseases and use budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model. My MS thesis focuses on the ‘optineurin’ protein which is associated with two age-dependent neurodegenerative

catabolized by microorganisms without an electron transport chain, like yeast (Campbell, 2004). In experiment one the yeast and glucose acted as reactants, with the yeast breaking down the glucose, producing the products CO2 and ethanol. The overall reaction for the alcoholic fermentation that took place can be represented as 2 pyruvate + 2NADH-> 2NAD+ +2CO2 + 2 ethanol (Campbell, 2004). This biological process allows cells to operate under conditions where oxygen is not present. Experiment 1 explored

sugar (glucose) solution containing yeast is turned into alcohol (ethanol). Yeast perform fermentation to obtain energy by converting sugar into alcohol. Fermentation is a natural process. People applied fermentation to make products such as wine, mead, cheese and beer long before the biochemical process was understood. In the 1850s and 1860s Louis Pasteur became the first scientist to study fermentation when he demonstrated fermentation was caused by living cells. (Helmenstine, 2014) APPARATUS:

Aim The aim of this experiment was to see how temperature affected the rate of fermentation. To test this a yeast and glucose solution was submerged in water baths with the temperatures of 20oC, 30oC and 40oC. The test was left over night to gain optimum results. The rate of fermentation was measured by the amount of carbon dioxide produced. It was believed that the solution submerged in the 40oC water bath would produce the most carbon dioxide and therefore ferment the fastest. Results showed that

how starch and cellulose are treated to allow them to be used by the yeast? One potential ethanol feedstock is starch. Starch molecules are made up of long chains of glucose molecules. Thus, starchy materials can also be fermented after breaking starch molecules into simple glucose molecules. Examples of starchy materials commonly used around the world for ethanol production include cereal grains, potato, sweet potato, and cassava. A great amount of ethanol fuel is currently produced by starch

in various fields make them an important product to be used and produced commercially. A varied range of organisms are used for the production of marketable enzymes. More than half of the enzymes commercially manufactured are obtained from yeast and fungi, some from bacterial systems and the remaining from animal or plant systems. Microorganisms are more feasible for the manufacture of enzymes than animals or plants because of reduced expense, expectable and dignified outcomes and also accessibility

(petroleum, diesel, aviation fuel etc). Unfortunately we are not finding new oil deposits at anything like the rates we are consuming, so logically we will eventually run out. Many of the alternate energy sources currently available (electric engines, fuel cells and ethanol) have low energy density and do not scale well to larger vehicles like aeroplanes and trucks. Therefore finding new renewable sources of energy to power our current and future devices is paramount to our continuation as a successful species