Mamie Clark Essay

William McKinley was born on January 29, 1843 in Niles, Ohio, a town of about 300 people. He was the 7th child born to William and Nancy Alison McKinley His family moved to Poland, Ohio when he was nine years old so that the children could go to a private school called the Poland Academy. In school William liked to read, debate, and he was the president of the school’s first debate club. When he was 16 he went to Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania, for a while before he got sick and had to return home .he did not go back to Meadville, because the family had no money. Instead, he worked as a postal clerk for awhile.

("Davis, Angela 1944–".) In her early years she was exposed to activism through her mother, Sallye Davis, she was involved with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), at a time in which it was very dangerous to do so. Her mother was also heavily involved with the Communist Party, she was involved in the civil right’s movement and was an organizer for the Southern Negro Congress. Since she grew up around such a heavy influence of Communist ideals, Davis developed a mindset geared towards equal rights at a very young age. Davis’ views started coming through in her academics at a very young age as well, in high school Davis did everything she could to start to an interracial study group, the group was “harassed, and then disbanded by the police.” Eventually Davis would go onto start herself a legacy that is greatly inspired by her mother. She would join the Black Panther Party after a horrible tragedy.

Phillis Wheatley, one of America’s most profound writers, has contributed greatly to American literature, not only as a writer, but as an African American woman, who has influenced many African Americans by enriching their knowledge of and exposure to their Negro heritage and Negro literature. As one of America’s most renown writers, Wheatley, said to be the mother of African American Literature, is best known for her sympathetic portrayals of African American thought. Wheatley’s literary contributions are vast in nature and distinguish her apart from most writers of her era. Her writings have helped in the molding of the African American tradition and are favored by people of all ethnic backgrounds.Phillis Wheatley was born on the West

Mamie Phipps Clark started her college career in 1934. She began going to college at Howard University as a math major which she graduated magna cum laude in 1938 but when she went back she changed her major to psychology after her husband Kenneth Clark persuaded her to do so. He told her that there would not be that many job opportunities for her and thought it would be better if she got a degree in psychology.

The evening of December 1, 1955, one single woman changed the lives of many people and the way that they would continue to live. Rosa Parks exhibited one woman's courage and strength to stand up for what she believed in. Mrs. Parks's decision to remain seated and go against the "Believed way" sparked the beginning of the American Civil Rights Movement. In this paper I will discuss Rosa Parks's background, her decision against standing up, and how she started the beginning of the American Civil Rights Movement.

     Mary McLeod Bethune was an innovative leader because she took a story which was largely latent in the population, equal education rights for black children, and brought it to national prominence through the creation of the Bethune-Cookman college. She was also a visionary leader because of the incredible success she was able to attain in advancing the cause of equal education.

Although Eleanor Roosevelt served as first lady from 1932 to 1945, her influence lasted much longer than expected. Eleanor became her husband’s ears and eyes during her husband’s presidency and aided human rights during her entire life. She did what no other First Lady, or woman had dared to do before; she challenged society’s wrong doings. Many respected her; President Truman had called her “the First Lady of the World (Freedman, 168).” Eleanor Roosevelt was an amazing first lady who helped her husband, Franklin D. Roosevelt, run the country.

The next example is illustrated through Emmett’s mother having an open casket funeral for her son. Mamie wanted to initiate a social movement where she could participate in the naming of grievances and injustices. Thousands of people attended Emmett’s funeral where the world was exposed to his mutilated body. Mamie wanted to create a shared understanding for how African Americans were being treated in the

As a child, Thelma Mothershed Wair suffered many setbacks such as being diagnosed with an illness called rheumatic fever and facing racial discrimination because of the color of her skin. Though she faced so much injustice in her life, Thelma grew up in a supportive family that taught key morals and values; one such as “education is key”. The care and support from her family gave her inner strength and compassion for education, which then led her to enroll as a junior at Central High School, Arkansas. In a place with people who straight up hated the thought of her near them, Thelma stood strong, and even though she had a debilitating illness that left her with a weak frame and structure, she “ towered over all of her white student peers by

In the wake of moving on from secondary school, she earned a grant to Philander Smith College in Little Rock. While she cleaned floors to pay for her scholastic cost, her siblings and sisters picked supplemental cotton and did tasks for neighbors to acquire her $3.43 convey passage. In school, she delectated in science, yet imagined that lab expert was likely her most eminent calling. Her aspirations transmuted when she auricularly discerned Edith Irby Jones, the first African American to go to the University of Arkansas Medical School, verbalize at a school sorority. Seniors—who had not even met a specialist until she was 16 years of age—choosing to become a doctor was conceivable, and she needed to be kindred to

In the summer of 1869, McKinley met Ida Saxton. On January 25, 1871 they got married. On Christmas day, their first child Katie was born. In 1873 they had a second

Phillis Wheatley was sold into slavery when she was only 7 years old and sent to North America. She was purchased by a family in Boston—they then taught her how to read and write (Wikipedia, 2016). When she learned how to read, her writing thrived. The Wheatley’s saw that, and continued to encourage to continue on with learning and writing the poems. The people of Boston did not want to support an African-American poet, so Phillis sent her writings to a publisher in London (Poetry Foundation, 2016).

In her interview, Mitchell discusses how she has lived in the same area for most of her life (Ortiz, 3). In “The Foundation Was There: Growing up a Girl in the Jim Crow South”, Mitchell’s discusses her life under Jim Crow laws in Arkansas, shedding light on the life of a young African American girl during this period in American history. Mitchell was born in 1922 close to Blackston, Arkansas, and raised in a rural farming family (Valk and Brown, 31). In her interview, Mitchell explains that

However, she faced two problems meeting this condition. The first, being that there were few psychology departments in 1890. Secondly, getting admitted to these places that did offer the program was highly unlikely since she was a woman. Her first consideration was to study abroad. An instructor at Smith told her that her best chance was to try obtaining "private instruction in psychology and philosophy at any of the German universities outside of Zurich" (6).

Identifying Information: Rosa Lee is a feisty African American female who grew up poor on the fringes of a Capitol Hill neighborhood. Her parents were sharecroppers who had migrated to the city. Rosa Lee had eight children, six boys and two girls, over an 11 year stretch; she was 14 years old when she had her first born. While pregnant with her first child, Rosa Lee dropped out of school without having learned to read. At age 16, Rosa Lee got married; the marriage only lasted a few months. She supported her family by waitressing in