This paper will review a case study of a 30-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with asthma and allergies. The patient was put on the medications; albuterol, (Proventil), salmeterol (Sere vent), and montelukast (Singular). The patient’s provider told the patient to come back in two weeks for follow- up. If at that time she is still wheezing, he would put her on an oral corticosteroid (Kelleher, Sheryl MS, CFNP, Class Assignment). This paper will define what asthma and its pathophysiology is, as well as review the patients prescribed medications of albuterol, salmeterol, and montelukast. Lastly, a review of corticosteroids and their adverse effects, dosing, and other implications will be discussed.
Asthma can be defined as a chronic pulmonary disease that involves inflammation and bronchospasms. To fully understand asthma and its attributes, one must understand the pathophysiology of asthma, including the lower respiratory tract, and the bronchiolar smooth muscle.
Stated simply, the major role of the respiratory system is to bring oxygen into the human body, and remove carbon dioxide (Adams, Holland, Urban,). This is nonetheless respiration, or the exchange of gases. Another phenomenon occurring in our respiratory system is ventilation. This is when the air moves in and out of the lungs.
Bronchiolar smooth muscle is located in the Bronchiole and plays a very important role in the physiology as well. They either contract or relax. Relaxation of the bronchiole smooth
Asthma is when someone has trouble breathing. This is caused by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs. It can be triggered by allergies or sensitivities to something specific. Your bodies become stimulated and the through constricts, giving a feeling of not being able to breath. This can become very severe and is able to kill.
This particular attack was brought on due to the Advil, which is referred to as “NSAIDs” or otherwise known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are found in most pain relievers. Right then and there, I didn't understand the seriousness of my asthma, and the impacts it would have on life from there on out. I sort of thought it would be an occasional annoyance
Task analysis is the process of obtaining information about a job by determining the duties, tasks, and activities involved and the knowledge, skills, and abilities required in performing each task. There can be broken down into six
In an emergency situation, why is a drug most commonly delivered via injection versus an oral route?
The primary function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases. The respiratory system allows oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, this is necessary to sustain life. During the process of breathing air is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled, this change of gases occurs in the alveoli. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses into arterial blood. The waste rich blood from the veins releases carbon dioxide into the alveoli which is
This assignment is a case study of a patient who was admitted to a respiratory ward with acute exacerbation of asthma. This assignment will discuss nursing an adult patient with asthma, also it will aim to critically assess, plan, implement and evaluate the patients nursing needs using the Roper, Logan and Tierney nursing model (1980). This case study will focus on the maintaining a safe environment. It is worth noting that the activities of daily living are interlinked e.g. according to Roper et al (1980) breathing is an activity that is crucial for life therefore all other activities are dependent on us being able to breathe. The nursing management, pharmacological agents and the tools used will be critically
R.J. is a 15-year-old boy with a history of asthma diagnosed at age 8. His asthma episodes are triggered by exposure to cats and various plant pollens. He has been using his albuterol inhaler 10 to 12 times per day over the last 3 days and is continuing to wheeze. He normally needs his inhaler only occasionally (2 or 3 times per week). He takes no other medications and has no other known medical conditions. Physical examination reveals moderate respiratory distress with a respiratory rate of 32, oximetry 90%, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) 60% of predicted, and expiratory wheezing.
To better understand the impact of asthma, a brief overview of the causes (aetiology) and disease progression (pathophysiology) must be shown. As common as asthma is, not much is known about its aetiology, according to findings presented by Subbaroa, Mandhane and Sears (2009, pg. 181-187) in a review from the Canadian
The Respiratory system is an integrated system of organs involved in the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment. Your Respiratory system is made up of the organs in your body that help you breathe. The Respiratory system is the system of the body that deals with breathing. The trachea is a wind pipe. The trachea is a pipe shaped by rings of cartillage. A Bronchi are two tubes that carry air into the lungs. The Respiratory system consistes of many different organs. The organs are the lungs, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, diaphragm, nose, mouth, and pharynx. In the Respiratory system the right lung is larger and has more lobes that the left lung becuase the heart is normally located on the left side, and takes up space where the lung would had been. The functions of the Respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The Respiratory system is also used for the of exchange gases. The importance of the Respiratory system is that it allows for the exchange of gases; meaning carbon dioxide and oxygen. These gas exchanges occur in the alveoli's and the capillaries. This gas exchange of gases is the Respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood. The goal of breathing is to
The respiratory system consists of the lungs and air passages. The system functions to bring in air and extract oxygen and remove carbon dioxide*. The body can hold 4 to 6 minutes worth of oxygen so the respiratory system must work at all times to prevent death. There are multiple parts to the respiratory system for example, the nose has nostrils or nares. It contains a nasal septum which divides the nose into hollow spaces called nasal cavities. The nose filters the air with the mucus produced. Also located in the nose are the olfactory receptors, and nasolacrimal ducts. The sinuses which are resonating chambers of cavities located in the skull. A larger part of the respiratory system is the pharynx also known as the throat. It is located directly behind the nasal area, divided into three parts; nasopharynx(upper portion), Oropharynx(middle portion), Laryngopharynx (lower portion). The larynx also known as the “voice box” located between the trachea and pharynx. Trachea also known as the windpipe extends from the larynx to the center of the chest; its functions to carry air between the pharynx and bronchi. The bronchi function to carry air to the lungs. The right bronchus is more vertical, shorter, and wider compared to the left.Bronchi continue to branch off into smaller bronchioles, the smallest is called terminal bronchioles which deliver air to the alveoli. 500 million alveoli, which have a rich network of capillaries needed for exchange of oxygen and CO2( taken place
It is also often referred to as the "windpipe." The trachea then branches off like a tree. The first splits of this "tree" are the bronchi, and the smallest branches are called the bronchioles. Thus after air travels through the trachea, it then reaches the bronchi, and spreads throughout the bronchioles.
Asthmatic individuals can suffer from a reduced quality of life that is both physical and psychological. It was estimated in 2009 that approximately 17.5 million adults, and 7.1 million children suffer from asthma. An estimated total cost of this disease in 2010 was $20.7 billion dollars (Quality, 2014). This paper will focus on Pathopharmacological foundations, pathophysiology, pharmacological treatments, and the social and environmental impacts of asthma on our communities and nation.
The respiratory system, also known as the ventilatory system, is a series of organs found in the human body. The system’s primary function is performing respiration – inhaling oxygen from the environment and exhaling carbon dioxide out of the body (K.M Zimmermann, 2016). Oxygen acts as fuel – without it, the body would be unable to function. Carbon dioxide, the by-product of this process, is breathed out as it is toxic to the human body when it builds up (A.M Helminstine, 2016).
At the time of the visit, although we reviewed in detail using model lungs, illustrated instructions, and an asthma video to describe asthma pathophysiology, the purpose, preferred delivery method and care of his asthma medications, his mom was unable to teach back any of the information we reviewed. When the asthma educator continued with explaining when and how to prime the medications, how and why to use an aero chamber, knowing when to refill his prescriptions and when to begin treatment of the quick relief medication; mom was also not able to repeat any of the instructions reviewed.
This patient needs some education on the use of her asthma medication, both for long- acting which is Fluticasone (Flovent) and short - acting which is albuterol. Since SE has an exacerbation at this time, albuterol should be given to control her present symptoms and flovent should also be used for her daily maintenance. It is safer for a pregnant woman who has asthma to be treated with asthma medications than for her to have asthma symptoms and attack. This is because poor control of asthma poses a greater risk to the fetus than asthma medicine