Our Failure to Stop Counter Propaganda of the Middle East SGT Robert Jaramillo SFC Fleshman SFC Havrish ` The Root of Our Failure In 2003, when the United States of America invaded Iraq, they failed to understand the nation, its populace, and the methods in which anti-American propaganda would be delivered. Because of this short coming we encountered and to this day encounter several difficulties not only in Iraq but in the world abroad. One of the largest problems facing today’s war on terrorism, is the fact that the insurgent recruitment methods do not follow traditional means, as they use every form of media. During the ten years of operation in Iraq, there was an evolution of propaganda and its method of delivery. Additionally …show more content…
Originally George W. Bush was briefed not to “expect divisions within Iraq, non-conventional warfare, and a nationalism-fueled resistance” (Battle & Byrne, 2013). Additionally a memo, known as the Downing Street memo has surfaced and stated that "intelligence and facts were being fixed around the policy"(Rycroft, 2002). The last item that shows how flawed and incorrect our assumptions heading into Iraq were is a briefing that is known as the POLO STEP. The assumptions presented in the POLO STEP briefing were as follows. The provisional government would be in place by ‘D-Day’. Iraqi soldiers and civil servants would be reliable and have the fortitude to maintain their post. As well as the concept that post war operations would be over by December, 2006(Blaton & Battle, 2007). As illustrated above failure to perform proper planning, basing decisions on unfounded and erroneous assumptions about the operational environment, the duration of operations and the fortitude of the host nation citizens directly contributed to our failure to stop counter propaganda. Changes in Technology Another issue when looking at counter propaganda in Iraq is the delivery method that has been evolving over the years. In the begging of the war terrorist groups started out with printed propaganda and DVD’s in local markets. As time progressed, radio broadcast expressing anti-American views were being broadcast throughout the country at various locations and
Besides, the Party also spread propaganda through the patriotism of their citizens. During the George W. Bush administration it used different means of communication such as television, newspapers and magazines to launch propaganda in favor of the invasion of Iraq. Daily, important television channels broadcasted how the brave American soldiers fought against evil Iraqi military in order to disarm Iraq of weapons of mass destruction. Popular American news magazines such as Times and Newsweek had as portrayed the contrast between the US military and the insurgents in Iraq. On one of the portrayed it shows how US soldiers liberate Iraqi civilians and they are seen as heroes. On the other one shows a threatening armed insurgent. Moreover, after the 9/11 attacks, media used Osama Bin Laden as propaganda, pointing him out as responsible for the attacks. The mere image of Bin Laden in the news instilled hatred among Americans and shown him as a common enemy. This resembles how the government of Oceania used Goldstein as propaganda to
“In effect, terrorists’ acts should be viewed as “violent language.” For them, the genuine power of terrorism is that it functions as propaganda. The result is behavior modification of the target audience by both coercive and persuasive means (Denton, 2004, p. 4)”. Terrorists use these evil acts to send messages to their victims to emphasize their “Don’t Fuck With Us” axiom and mentality.
Despite efforts made by the U.S. in developing the Military Information Support Operations (MISO) which is dedicated to mitigate propaganda; ISIL continues to flood the internet and social media with adversary propaganda. The U.S. is unable to police the internet; MISO spends time searching the internet and initiating counterpropaganda operations. These operations help identify adversary propaganda and expose adversary attempts to influence others, they involve efforts to negate, neutralize, diminish the effects of, or gain an advantage from foreign psychological operations or propaganda efforts. They use ISR activities, public affairs, or other military units to identify adversarial propaganda operations that are attempting to influence friendly populations. Commanders at all levels should integrate activities designed to disseminate truthful information; mitigate adversary messages; and disrupt, degrade, and disable adversary psychological
Over the past year or two, newspapers, radio stations, and news broadcasts have been covering the rapid ascent of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, also known as ISIS. But they have spread far beyond those material boundaries, reaching into the minds and homes of young people across the globe. These young people are led to believe that ISIS is saving the world, not harming it and that they must partake in the fight for religious dictatorship. They are instructed over the internet to perform acts of terrorism in their own country, known as domestic terrorism. Due to the dramatic increase in terrorist activity
In the past weeks we have explored what makes up the mind of a terrorist by considering various psychological and behavioral factors of terrorism. Another factor we discussed was Osama Bin Laden: Terrorist CEO and the evolution of Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda. I will summarize categorizing the means of communication and influence they have upon advancing terrorist narratives, the psychological and behavioral factors within Al-Qaeda leadership and affiliate groups, compare and contrast his ability to communicate and exert influence upon these various audiences from the years preceding 9/11 until his death. All these factors play a part with one another in order to understand the big picture.
Arguably the most famous event that made people aware of the terrorism acts emerging from the Middle East was the infamous 9/11 terrorists attacks carried out by al-Qaeda, which included over 3000 people killed in New York City and Washington D.C. That attracted a substantial amount of media coverage and stimulated the war on terrorism regarding the U.S. and Middle Eastern threats. In late March of last year, ISIS supporters released a list of about 100 names and pictures of U.S. military personnel, and their goal was to kill them and their families. News outlets immediately jumped on the story, even though the author of the list was anonymous. When writing about the threat, news stations informed readers about the common goals of an ultra terrorist group, not knowing that they may have accidentally fueled a “propaganda campaign” help ISIS further carry out their mission of recruitment. Fathali Moghaddam, a terrorism expert and professor of psychology at Georgetown University supports the idea that the coverage of the media has aided in the evolution of ISIS’ “Hollywoody” image (Fryer-Biggs). ISIS isn’t necessarily complaining about the amount of exposure they receive because the media’s news could be considered “add on” almost to their own forms of propaganda in which they are highly skilled with. “It has its own 24-hour channel [with attractive special
Over the course of history there have been numerous wars, and during those wars there has been one thing that has helped in the victors struggle. Propaganda which is the misleading nature of information which is used to promote a particular political cause or point of view was used by the common people in 1914 when World War 1 began, World War 2 Followed the first World War after over two decades and like the first war Propaganda was a main factor. The Allies and the Nazi’s used Propaganda during WWII to attract the general interest of the population in an attempt to gain their favor against the opposing forces.
The United States and coalition partners are committed to end the reign of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). Working together in Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) the U.S. and coalition forces form a Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF-OIR). The CJFT-OIR has successfully flown over 10,000 air-strikes and trained local allied forces to fight against ISIL. However, ISIL terrorist are quickly recruiting additional soldiers from all over the world to join their fight. Adversary propaganda is spread through the internet and other social media’s to persuade and deceive impressionable members of society by the ISIL. Adversary propaganda is an information operations (IO) threat to the U.S. and our allies. Terrorist have become technologically savvy and developed videography skills, which they use to develop and distribute their propaganda. In order to combat the propaganda pushed out by ISIL the U.S. has put several operations in place to remove,
Kamalipour, Y. R., & Snow, N. (2004). War, media, and propaganda: A global perspective. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
From the time when the United States invaded Iraq eleven years ago, a noxious insurgence aeriated at numerous customs of conflict which has attested irrepressible, malleable, and tenacious strive to convey on hostility. A nation of Saddam and al-Zarqawi, Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) reins a third of conjointly Syria and Iraq in its charisma avowed bravura of war. Around the beginning of 2010, U.S. and Iraqi forces destroyed two topmost al-Qaeda and Iraq frontrunners; which then sanctioned Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi to become the spearhead of an assemblage destabilized by a strenuous operation directed at culminating a Sunni uprising in the country (CNN, 2015). By virtually all provision, Iraq is entangled in civil war. In addition, ISIS has engrossed nearly twelve thousand supporters from overseas already and at least three thousand devotees are from the West (Feroli & Dulin, 2013).
There were hundreds of types of propaganda, but we are only going to scratch the surface.
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, popularly known as ISIS and Daesh, is the 21st centuries rising global threat to humanity. The world has united to reduce and ultimately prevent genocide. In the paper ISIS will be referenced as Daesh. The initial part of the essay will cover Daesh origins, ideology, goals, and objectives. It is essential to know the similarities of the present Daesh brutalities and historic barbarisms of Wahhabism. The rest of the essay will focus on leadership, funding, and capabilities, such as physical bases support locations. The conclusion will attempt to raise concern of the internal threat within the United States. This essay will be limited to sources not having access to restricted or classified information. The closing goal of this essay is to embolden the serious threat to the United States and other countries seeking pursuit of life, liberty and happiness.
(5) Terrorism is far more devastating today, than in the past because of the effects of mass media. Today's media influence multiplies the fear effect of terrorism by vividly conveying its horror. This greatly increases our collective sense of vulnerability, and terrorists seek to exploit media coverage to put us and our government on the psychological defensive. The belief that, in some instances, the brilliance of scientists and engineers is no match for the suicidal motivations of terrorists is now a conviction of many Americans who witnessed the September
That call to action can come in many forms of media and to a global audience. “Terrorist recruitment videos, often released online, have been tailored to appeal to various audiences. A propaganda video, which can still be watched on YouTube of captured U.S. soldier, Bowe R. Bergdahl, compares what seems to be his good treatment under al-Qaeda, to those of U.S.-run prisoner of war camps” (Philipp).
There are two types of propaganda: sociological propaganda; the spreading of an ideology through the mass media, and political propaganda; efforts that are sponsored by governments and political groups that alter a persons’ interests. All propaganda has a direction, and the overall quality determines whether it will have a positive or negative effect over the masses. Our entire nation is a vast propaganda operational system that is greatly linked to education, consumerism and politics. A great deal of what makes up propaganda and how it is placed among the masses lies in understanding the overall emotional and physical states of these groups of people and in finding a way to draw a persons’ attention to capture their hearts, breaking down