2. METHODS
The main technological choices available for processing/ treatment and disposal of solid waste are composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion/ biomethanation, incineration, gasification and pyrolysis, plasma pyrolysis, production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), also called as pelletization and sanitary landfilling/landfill gas recovery. Not all technologies are equally good. Each one of them has benefits and disadvantages.
2.1 COMPOSTING :-
Composting is a technology known in India since times immemorial. Composting is the decomposition of organic matter by microorganism in warm, moist, aerobic and anaerobic environment. Farmers have been using compost made out of cow dung and other agro-waste. The compost made out of urban heterogeneous waste is found to be of higher nutrient value as compared to the compost made out of cow dung and agro-waste. Composting of Solid Waste is, therefore, the most simple and cost effective technology for treating the organic fraction of solid waste. Full-scale commercially viable composting technology is already demonstrated in India and is in use in several cities and towns. Its application to farm land, tea gardens, fruit orchards or its use as soil conditioner in parks, gardens, agricultural lands, etc., is however, limited on account of poor promoting.
Main benefits of composting include improvement in soil texture and augmenting of micronutrient deficiencies. It also increases moisture-holding capacity of the soil and
The sustainable agriculture project I am writing about is bokashi composting. This way of composting is similar to regular composting. The method that everyone knows about composting is aerobic decomposition that needs to have an organized process to it. This method needs attention but not constantly because if done wrong the process will turn anaerobic. The outcome of the compost will result in a stench and it is still usable but not as effective as well done compost. As for bokashi composting it is a anaerobic process and really does not require much care at all, there is still work to do but in the end it requires very little or no effort. Bokashi composting
Soil is the basis for the natural ecosystems and a living thing, it sustains life on Earth and works as a natural recycling facility with nutrients to the plants. However, many people do not know about the good benefits that soil gives to our lives and how humans hurt the conditions of soil with chemicals. Soil is often times mistreated due to the misconception of soil as dirt. Nevertheless, Professor Asmeret Berhe highlighted during the lecture, Soil, that soil is a place of full of life that supports living thing. The living organism depends on the conditions of soil because soil delivers nutrients to plants. For instance, improving the conditions of the soil increases the harvest of crops. Unhealthy soil will not be able to do its job as a natural recycling facility, and not be able to give a good amount of nutrients to plants to abundantly grow. Therefore, conditions of soil are very important in agriculture. Furthermore, having organic soils can conserve the amount of water used for irrigation. Soil is main supply of water to all land and plants because it holds the water for organisms. Organic soil can hold few amounts of water for a long time so it helps farmers to reduce the agricultural water consumption. Soil is very important to out lives than what we imagine and think. The global awareness of soil preservation is less significant to people than other conservation efforts like reducing the amount of plastic used, but soil preservation is very significant to our earth system. Therefore, it is very important for humans to help the Earth healthy sustain life by stop mistreating soil as dirt and treating it as a living thing that holds full of
waste disposal methods from a single dumpsite, to sorted sites focused on recycling, composting, and
Imagine you lived during the time period where poor farming techniques were created, and dust was being deposited or dropped into your lungs, forcing you to walk slowly down the steps of death. The phenomenon, the Dust Bowl, took place in the United States during the years around the 1930’s. It was an event that occurred in the United States, where the area it was taken place did not have moist soil, healthy crops, and a considerable amount of water. During this time, the soil was poor, meaning there was a small amount of nutrients in it. From this, it caused the seeds being planted to wilt, and die.. Compost helps the nutrients and moisture to stay within the soil, in order to allow the plants to not wither from being over watered or the lack of this liquid.
Agriculture, flourishing nature, and eco-friendly energy solutions, are only a few things we are making into innovative features in Grecho. One thing Grecho is known for is it’s major composting and agricultural buildings. Composting is a big thing in our city, and we want to focus on it because it saves money, saves resources, improves the soil we use for our agriculture, and
Households can recycle and reduce their amount of waste by taking certain biodegradable materials and start a compost bin. It is here that the common wastes such as food scraps, coffee grounds or anything that has a high organic matter can be put together and let nature take its course. “Using composts in agriculture to minimize organic wastes and to reduce the addition of fertilizers and fungicides in crop production is highly effective”. (Stan, Virsta, Dusa, Glavan, 2009 pg 1) So the compost that is produced can be used to help fertilize the ground in which crops even flowers are grown cutting down on pesticides and fertilizers. The organic component, in materials, can be used in compost recycling to help to promote a healthy soil. By having a healthier soil this provides a healthier plant. This
To succeed in the initial stage of this project, a composter, site and strategy need to be set in place. In order for the project to be financially feasible, it is important to identify how much material is available, how many and what type of generators we are to serve, and how much material is expected to be generated by the project.
Compost enhances soil by slowly adding nutrients. With added compost, veggie plants grow stronger, so they can better resist diseases and pests. Plus, compost helps make soil easier to work while helping it better retain water.
While watching the video-presentation of Tony Avants’ speech on soils, I came to realize the importance of not only the quality of soil that one begins with, but also the quality of products used to enhance it. He states that there is a common gardening myth that plants do not recognize the difference between chemical and organic fertilizers. While that may be true for plants, the microbes in the soil know the difference and have a preference. They prefer the fertilizers made by nature. It would be easy to add chemicals to increase the Carbon these microbes feed off, but it would be much more cost effective, and better for the environment to use a Carbon-rich compost to fertilize one’s soil.
My first reason is that compost is less hazardous than fertilizer. Some people may say that they both help the plants equally. This is not true, fertilizer has many chemicals to help growth but has many chemicals that harm the animals that eat the plant. Compost is good for the soil and has many natural ingredients including grass, leftovers, and old twigs/small branches. Many of these have nutrients that
Composting is the controlled decomposition of organic materials by microorganisms. Compost is partially decomposed organic matter. Humus is completely decomposed organic matter. Also mulch is an organic or inorganic materials spread in a layer on the soil surface.
A final recommendation in winning the battle against food shortages in Cuba would be the use of organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers. Currently, organic fertilizers include animal waste, plant residues, industrial and residential waste and organic household waste. In addition to organic fertilizers, bio-fertilizers can and should be used. Bio-fertilizers are a substance which contains microorganisms and promote the growth of a crop. The key to organic and bio-fertilizers are planning and volume. Solutions would include building composting bins in urban areas in each home’s backyard. If size does not allow, designating one large composting bin for the neighborhood in a central location is a possible solution. Although transporting waste
Waste treatment system reported in this paper is in Batam Municipality. It is an island city in Riau Island Province of Indonesia, which is located east of Sumatera Island and near Singapore. It has a territorial area of 108,265 (ha). During the period from 2000 through 2010, the population increased at an annual average of 7.57%. Currently, 1,168,741 citizens live in Batam Municipality. Population density has increased from 600 people/km2 in 2009 to 641 people/km2 in 2010. Waste collecting system is done by three ways. Firstly waste is immediately brought by each resident to temporary dumping site. Secondly the waste is brought to temporary dumping site under
can make them become more suitable to apply to the soil as a fertilizing resource.
Deciding what to use, in the best interest in making a functional garden, is also a decision that is up to the gardener. Composting is a