An analysis of the current conflict in Syria
Introduction
The modern Syria obtained its self-rule from France, it colony, in 1946. However, the country has experienced political instability periods compelled through the clashing interests of religious and ethnic groups. Between 1958 and 1961 Syria united with Nasser's Egypt, but independence was restored through an army coup that took place before a renaissance led by the Baath party that controlled of Syria in 1963 (Diamond & Plattner, 2012) . The party has been in control of the country ever since, but the Arab uprising that began in 2011 appears to have cast doubt on the continuity of the Baath government. The civil war in Syria developed from the trendy uprising against President Bashar al-Assad regime in early 2011 during the Arab Spring uprisings that affected the Middle East.
The cruel reaction of the forces of security against peaceful protests, aimed at fighting for democratic reform and a stop to repression, instigated a violent response. The armed revolt to Bashar al-Assad regime spread across Syria, dragging the nation into civil war. The main roots of the Syrian conflict began as a response to the Arab Spring. Arab Springs refers to a succession of anti-government dissents in the Arab World motivated through Tunisian regime fall in 2011. However, the basis of the conflict in Syria included state violence against Middle's East most oppressive administration, anger due to unemployment, years of dictatorship
The Arabs took this opportunity to start an uprising. The fighting continued for twenty years until France, in 1936, agreed to let go of their political influence, but they would keep a military presence there and could benefit economically, which meant they controlled the oil. Four years later France fell to the Axis powers and consequently so did Syria. Since the, now Free French, troops needed support along with the British, they agreed to leave the region completely if they helped them win World War 2. After the Germans were defeated, the French, reluctantly, kept their word and left the region. This, however, did not subside the fighting; what was once a battle for freedom turned into an ideological battle between Shias and Sunnis. Eventually some stability was gained and a proper government was set up. In 1971 Hafez Al-Assad was elected president and the country went from being a democracy to a monarchy. He groomed his first son to take over the country once he died but his son passed away in a car accident before he did. Hafez’s second son, Bashar Al-Assad, took control of the country in 2000 and he has remained in power ever since. Prior to the Arab Spring, there were outbursts, but none significantly affected his regime. Once the Arab Spring began, however, the people of Syria, mainly Sunnis, revolted against Assad. At the same time, The United States pulled troops out of Iraq leaving them without any structure or
Syria is currently all over the news regarding what many have to come to see as a civil war. A term like civil war needs to identify the players and the reasons for the war. In this case the players are being identified as pro government or antigovernment with a Sunni or Shia overtone. Sunni and Shia are the two major sects of Islam and both have a historical based conflict going back to the death of the Prophet Muhammad and how Muslims should be governed. This conflict has caused tensions and violence to flare up throughout Islamic history. This conflict has carried into modern times and has becoming a rallying point for Muslim people calling for change with their government and across the Middle Eastern region. The
Since March of 2011, there has been an outbreak of civil war in Syria. This started off as a peaceful protesting campaign but escalated when the government reacted violently. Rebels were quick to fight back against the regime. When June came around, political conflict was on a rise. The army defectors had formed a Free Syrian Army and many civilians have taken arms to join the opposition. Also, divisions have been made between secular and Islamic groups, and variations between ethnic groups which only contributed to the opposition.
In 2011 a civil war broke out in Syria, a civil war that is still going on today. It's a constant back and forth with the Syrian government and these regimes. The government is out of control and
When Hafez al-Assad passed away from a heart attack, hope for Syria arose with promises of reform. On June 10th, 2000, Hafez passed away leaving his son Bashar al-Assad with the power over Syria. Bashar attempted to gain support over his people with promises of reform throughout Syria, including a revolutionized economy. People soon began to protest because Bashar had not been following through with his promises. These protests arose and Bashar chose to fight his people rather than meet their demands. Conflict has risen in Syria because of poor political and geographical systems whether this be through the way Assad governs, or through the destruction of Syria.
As a result of the Arab Spring, some countries removed their government leaders, and new government systems were created. However, Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad has refused to step down, and instead began to attack his own people. This has led to a civil war
The Syrian Civil war has its foundation rooted in civil protest, against the current government led by President Bashar al-Assad.
The Syrian Civil War started with a few protesters speaking out against the government, and has resulted in a raging civil war involving multiple countries. Violence from the country itself and other countries do not bring an end to the war in sight as Syria continues to fight against terrorist groups and for peace. The Syrian Civil War follows the Crane Brinton Model to a large extent.
The war, which has engulfed Syria, continuously attracts the attention of journalists and diplomats. It has already taken lives of at least 76000 people (Gladstone and Ghannam 4). Moreover, this confrontation has turned millions of Syrian citizens into refugees who need to seek asylum in various countries. To some degree, this conflict illustrates the instability of countries located in the Middle East. One cannot easily identify a single underlying cause of this war. Instead, much attention should be paid to the combination of factors that are related to the political landscape of the country, its religious tensions, economic recession, and
There were many factors within Syria that would work against the change into nonviolent resistance. In contrast to Tunisia where the departure of the president who was seen as a liability did not threaten the establish on a larger scale, in Syria, the cohesion and societal linkages meant that many more interests would be threatened if the Assad were to step down. The heterogeneity of the Syrian society has long undermined collective action among the opposition, and the intense links between Assad and the regime core prevented the elites from abandoning the president as many did in Tunisia. Syria had additionally enjoyed some degree of Nationalist legitimacy from decades of opposition to Israel and western imperialism, a blatant contract to the leader of Tunisia who was an ally of the West. The dynamics of Syria’s slide into violence illustrate a number of features of the politics of resistance, and insight into the causes and consequences of resistance. Strategies of violence often follow the perception that actors have no choice but to engage in violence. Violence is a reaction shaped by the immediacy of state
Syrian civil war started in 2011 was the outcome of the opposition against the President Bashar al-Assad regime. The uprising emerged as a response to the Arab spring movement that lead to regime change in Tunisia and subsequently turned into mass unrest rooted into the discontent with long-term dictatorship and poor economic situation in the country (Manfreda, n.d.). The number of Syrian citizens killed in the civil war reached 140000 since March 2011 (SBS 2014). The European Commission (2014, 2) reports approximately 9.3 million civilians “in need for humanitarian assistance”. The scale of armed rebellion between government and opposition that lead to an increasing number of casualties among civilians did not remain unnoticed by the
The Syrian Arab Republic is an Arab country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the North, Iraq to the East, Jordan to the South, and Israel to the Southwest. In March 2011, the Syria conflict has begun due to various reasons and is still going on today. This outbreak is one of the key factors which resulted the Arab Spring (Arab Uprising). Arab Spring refers to the democratic uprisings that arose independently and spread across the Arab world in 2011. The protest originated in Tunisia in December 2010 and quickly took hold in Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan. In these countries, the citizens intiatied the protests as the ruling families have been
In the year 2011, many of the Arab countries were affected by the Arab Revolution that began after Tunisia had its citizens take into the streets for mass demonstrations against the government’s leadership. In spite of the political controversies that took place within the 1970 – 2000 leadership of Assad, the central chaos of the continuing civil war arose during this critical Arab Revolution. The turmoil commenced in March 2011 when the protests began as countermeasures for what was considered the utmost downturn of President Bashar al-Assad's poor leadership. As the war intensified across the nation, it took Syrians one-and-half years for the international Red Cross to declare the conflict a civil war.
The Syrian Uprising is indeed a puzzle. After both Egyptians and Tunisians overthrew their respective dictators, an uprising in Syria was still contrary to many experts and analysts' beliefs; it was predicted that Syrians would not follow the uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt due to the lack of "structures that could enable people to organize themselves and rally others" (Abdulhamid, 2011). One of these scholars was David Lesch, a Professor of Middle East History at Trinity University who is claimed to know Assad better than any other Westerner. He asserts in his book, Syria: The Fall of the House of Assad, that after the Syrians failed to mobilize in the following weeks of the uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt, this seemed "to confirm the almost universal predictions of analyst, commentators, diplomats and scholars (including this one) that the Arab Spring would not come to Syria any time soon or in any significant way" (2012, 54). However, on March 25, 2011, large demonstrations in Syria spread nation-wide. In response, President Bashar al-Assad mobilized his coercive apparatus and repressed against the protestors. After months of repressive means against protestors, parts of the Syrian military left to join the opposition movement, and which created the present situation in Syria, a civil war. For scholars of the Syrian Uprising, it seems thus critical to ask two questions. First, what were the underlying factors that initially demanded an uprising in Syria? Second, what
In March of 2011, a civil war broke out in Syria due to “nationwide protests demanding President Assad’s resignation,” according to BBC News. In response to the protests, the government fought back with legitimate force, which only heightened the tensions in Syria. As of 2013, a new extremist jihadist group, the Islamic State of Syria and Iraq, rose up. In addition to the rise of this radical terrorist group, various other rebel forces, such as the Kurds, sprung up within, and outside of Syria—all with one common interest in mind: to fill the possible power vacuum if and when President Assad is taken out of power. Nations have also found themselves involved in the Syrian civil war, such as the United States and Turkey, who are