This device consists of four primary components, the microphone, speech processor/stimulator, the wires connecting them, and the inductive charger; yet, only three biological environments need to be taken into account when selecting which materials should be used to best ensure longevity and functionality of the device as the inductive charger would reside externally on the patient’s person. (This sentence will be tacked onto the previous paragraph of the deceive description as a transition sentence for the following.) The first environment would be that of the deep outer ear in which the waterproof microphone will reside. As previously proposed, the microphone would be secured via a magnet morphologically or biologically fixed into the surrounding …show more content…
This ensures the magnet should last the lifetime of the patient and should be strong enough that there would be a minuscule risk of the microphone becoming unattached. Unfortunately, neodymium is not biocompatible as it corrodes and tarnishes in the presence of water and air, meaning the magnet would need to be coated with a thin layer of some biocompatible material capable of withstanding the constraints mentioned earlier. Titanium nitride would likely be used as it is a remarkably tough and bioinert coating already used to make neodymium magnets biocompatible for applications such as body modification. In addition, titanium nitride can easily withstand the temperature and pH ranges it may be subjected to under typical circumstances. To ensure that the microphone will remain fixed in place, it should contain a similar magnet so that it may be attracted to the magnet set within the bone of the external acoustic …show more content…
In addition, the wires will need to conduct electrical signals received from the microphone and processor/stimulator and be flexible enough to allow navigating to and from their desired destinations. To accomplish this, a conductive material with a biocompatible coating is likely to be the most feasible approach. Currently, the wires in cochlear implants are composed of platinum conductive wires coated with silicone and this approach is used for good reason. Silicone, as previously stated, has outstanding biocompatibility, flexibility, stability, softness, water-tightness, resistance to corrosion, and acts as an insulator from electrical stimulus. While platinum is used as the conductive material because it has low chemical reactivity, is highly corrosion resistant, biocompatible, flexible, and does not display stimulus-induced corrosion resistance like most other conductive metals, meaning it should last the lifetime of the patient. These properties simply make it the greatest available conductive material for this application, and by coating it in silicone you remove any potential unwanted exposure to the surrounding
The neural processes required to hear a phone ring may surprise some people. The neuron’s cell body (the part of the neuron which contains the nucleus) contains branch-like structures known as dendrites, which receive information from the axon—a long tail-like portion of the neuron. This information then travels to other neurons via chemicals called neurotransmitters (Pastorino & Doyle-Portile, 2015). The axon is coated by a wax-like substance called myelin, composed of segments known as myelin sheaths. Corrosion of the myelin sheaths may adversely affect a sensory input, in this case
The subject had multiple electrodes placed on her body: two on her right palm, one in the thenar area and the other in the hypothenar; one on her right wrist, and one just above the ankle on both legs. The subject also had a respiratory transducer attached to her chest. The subject was directed to sit calmly in a chair before calibration. Once calibration began, the subject was told to breathe quickly and deeply, then to return to normal breathing. Once the baseline was found and the equipment was calibrated for each physiological measure was found, the group continued onto experimentation. A director sat in front of the subject and began to ask her 10 questions. Each question-answer interval was 10 seconds, and there were 5 second breaks between each question. The questions ranged from mundane to rather arousing. The subject could answer each question with a “yes” or “no”, and was allowed to lie at any point in the examination. The subject’s answers during the polygraph were, then compared to her true answers. Her physiological measures when she lied and told the truth were recorded, grouped, then
For Kelly’s surgery doctors decided to permanently implant electrodes into her ear, by attaching an electrode array into the inner ear (cochlea) and a receiver which is placed behind the ear. By doing this each device will be connected to a magnet and an antenna making sound signals channel through her brain. Overall Kelly’s surgery is successful and with speech therapy Kelly is able to talk and hear noises that she was not really able to before.
Cochlear implants are good and bad. The good can provide sound to those who are severely deaf. The earlier the implant the better chance of the person being able to hear. It takes time for a person with cochlear implants for their brain to learn and develop. Cochlear implants can give others a whole new meaning of life based off of the sounds they may be hearing around them. Cochlear implants can also be bad if the tests are done and the tests don’t show if the implants are going to have a positive effect on the patient. The surgery can have complications that could cause an infection. The procedure could also potentially permanently destroy whatever hearing was left before the procedure. Cochlear implants are also very expensive and not everyone
There is two parts to getting this type of implant; the internal and external part. The external part consists of a microphone, a transmitter, and a speech processor. The microphone is a small like box that sits right behind the ear to pick up sounds. A speech processor works together with the microphone and transmitter which is under the skin to computerize the coded signals that have been analyzed in the speech processor. With the internal part of this implant it is surgically implanted by drilling in the temporal bone and mastoid bone. To the internal part there is two parts, the receiver and the electrodes. The receiver takes the coded signals that came from the transmitter and sends them to the array of electrodes that were surgically implanted in the cochlea. The electrodes stimulate the fibers of the hearing nerves,and make the sounds recognizable.
Platinum is used in Electro-medical implants, surgical instruments and Orthopaedics. Some types of electro-medical implants are defibrillators, hearing aids, and heart pumps. Platinum is in the wires of the defibrillators because the platinum can direct the electricity to one specific spot. A heart pump is a tube with platinum in the center of the tube which circulates the blood in the heart. Some types of surgical instruments that incorporate platinum are arthroscopic and ophthalmology. Arthroscopic surgery is where they cut into the knee joint and damaged tissue, and take out the dead tissue.They use platinum shavers and platinum blades to cut into the dead
Sounds and speech are captured by a microphone and sent to the external speech processor. The processor then translates the sounds into electrical signals, which are then sent to the transmitting coil. These codes travel up a cable to the headpiece and are transmitted across the skin through radio waves to the implanted cochlea electrodes. The electrodes’ signals then stimulate the auditory nerve fibres to send information to the brain where it is interpreted as meaningful sound.
The purpose of the cochlear implant is to bypass the damaged hair cells in a patient’s cochlea and help establish sounds. The product uses a microphone which is situated on the exterior of the ear. The microphone and electricity
Internal fixation devices in the past had been made of stainless steel or titanium, but with problems resulting from those permanent devices, an innovative approach is being considered. Bioresorbable implants are a possible replacement to the original implants that would eliminate the need for removal, which has shown to be a problem for traditional implants.
3D conformal therapy can be given to unilateral PTV’s, by means of two or three beams. PTV’s extending contra-laterally are usually treated with a lateral opposing beam pair. Wedges are then added to compensate for the contour changes. To spare the contralateral parotid a three beam arrangement can be endeavored. Nodes can be treated by matching an anterior neck field to the inferior border of the beams.
It can medically or surgical treatable, but a cochlear implant. Conductive ironically, will be the outer or middle part of the ear, opposedly it is treatable and is often caused by the fluid build up in the ear, this will fall under the category with adventitious deafness. Mixed is a combination of both temporary conductive, but then the person could have permanent sensorineural hearing loss. Being that sensorineural hearing loss is the most closely related one to an individual being deaf the inner part of the ear will mostly have the greatest amount of damage. It indicates that there is either a cochlear or an eighth nerve lesion. The audiometry that makes up the sensorineural hearing loss pattern it shows a significant hearing loss without the “air-bone gap” that is characteristic of conductive hearing disturbances.
The majority of piercers use jewelry that is made of low quality materials, that can increase the risk of the body rejecting the jewelry. The safest material for body piercings is titanium, as people have a high percentage of allergies and sensitivity to other metals. The piercing material isn't the only thing to look out for, though. On most piercing jewelry, there is a screw at the end of the post that allows the wearer to screw a ball or other ornament on the end of it. The problem with this is, when inserting the post, this sharp screw is forced to go through the piercing hole. This can create tiny tears inside the piercing, and can cause inflammation or infection. I currently only know of one piercer on Long Island who is a member of the Association of Professional Piercers. He uses high quality materials and is very knowledgeable. His name is John Alonzo and he works at South Shore Tattoo Co. on Merrick Road in Amityville. If you're ever in search of a skillful professional piercer with an extensive knowledge on piercing safety, I highly recommend
conjunction with the human body, which plastics are used in prosthetic limbs, and if there
Earplugs are placed into the ear canal in order to block the entrance of sound by forming a hermetic seal. Earplugs are better suited for longer use for those individuals who are exposed to noise throughout their workday, and provide a significant amount of attenuation. However, the effectiveness of the earplugs depends on proper insertion, and requires training employees on how to correctly place them in the canal. The level of attenuation can vary depending on how well the earplug is fit, as well as the motivation of the employee to wear them consistently (Berger, 2003).
It is important to note that each of these materials has its specific strengths and each one works best for specific applications. For example, the most commonly used materials for the creation of air bladders through the RF process are PVC and TPU films. TPU films offer the most elasticity. However, PVC is the most economical. Both varieties come in a variety of thicknesses and colors. Experts like those at AmCraft can help you determine which material is best for your needs.