Anna O's Hysteria

A great deal of scientists looked greatly into this matter of cognitive malady, including Austrian neurologists Sigmund Freud and American physician and writer Silas Weir Mitchell. For example, in accordance to author Maria Helena Rowell’s “Hysteria” article, Freud began his research of mechanism that were involved in the treatment of hysteria during the end of the 19th century and developed a theory that

It is a paper written by Breuer and Freud. You know most memories go through a "wearing away process". But. Not hysteria. "Hysterics suffer mainly from reminiscences". Almost as if the energy and emotion attached to the memory keep it vivid and fresh until it is processed and resolved. They found that bringing the memory in vivid detail and expressed with affect. With an "energetic reaction", "for tears to acts of revenge". Much of therapy is about rewriting the memory with a different outcome. Even if it is not actually acted out. It seems to me like an attempt to turn trauma into the mundane allowing it to

How does one get ahold of arsenic and leaves no trace, that is, an unsuspecting felon on the loose with no motive? Living in closed perimeters alongside Constance, her older sister has given Mary Katherine Blackwood the opportunity to observe every aspect of human and mother nature alike. Jackson composes manipulative traits into the role of Merricat, to develop her as a proper miscreant to amplify those in distress, portents, and the menacing threat of horror lurking about, in the story; that convicts hysteria amongst everyone.

Hysteria is a psychological disorder in which the patient shows physical symptoms, such as paralysis, hallucinations, and loss of speech without a visible physical cause. Bertha Pappenhiem was diagnosed with hysteria by doctor, Josef Breuer. Breuer had given her a pseudonym, as “Anna O.” Her hysteria lasted for two years and for several weeks, and she was unable to quench her insatiable thirst. Anna’s ability of speech was reduced to the point where she was unable to understand or speak her native language. Breuer successfully treated Anna by helping her recollect forgotten memories from traumatic events. Dr. Breuer observed that Anna had states of “absence” in which she would mutter a few words to herself from thoughts that were occupying

The psychodynamic perspective, at the simplest, is the approach to psychology focussing on the conscious, unconscious, and subconscious processes and drives, and the interaction between them. The first use of the approach is widely credited to Breuer and Freud, who published Studies on Hysteria in 1895, cited by McLoed, 2007. Studies on Hysteria popularised the concept that hysteria, a condition that has now been separated into many distinct conditions, could be caused by a traumatic experience that did not integrate into a patient’s view of the world.

It is widely agreed that early childhood experiences influence adult life (Freud, 1899, 1901). Freud (1914) suggested that when someone is unable to have memories from childhood it could be used as a defence shutting off memories. Although I am not attempting to review the literature I do wish to mention the work of Freud (1893, 1910, 1933) about his written about the unconscious processes which establishes a link between the physical symptoms of hysteria and traumatic memories repressed. In fact, the memories were repressed they were not lost and it could be retrieved through psychoanalysis technics. Freud (1923) suggested that the repression theory is when certain forces oppose to some ideas to become conscious. In addition, Freud (1900) came to the conclusion the unconscious processes use dreams to express hidden wish-fulfilment.

Freud was presented the idea of abnormal behaviour to the world by his own theories and techniques at the first place, which was totally different and unique from relation to the old meaning of mental illness. He started using the hypnosis method in his clinical work in 1885 after he worked with Jean Martin Charcot, which he was awed by the potential of hypnosis to treat abnormal behaviour. As he began built up his theory of psychoanalysis, he created the term free association as new method and disposed hypnosis because of the crisis that he confronted when he encountered in some patients

In the one state she was sad and apprehensive, but relatively normal. In the other state she had hallucinations and "misbehaved", that is, she swore, threw pillows at people”. She could not remember events or situations that had happen in other condition. After Breuer ceased treating her both he and Freud continued to follow the course of Bertha’s illness and the “treatment success” was discussed, in private seminar Carl Gustav Jung said in 1925. Conclusion of her treatment “A legend arose about the conclusion of Pappenheim’s treatment by Josef Breuer. It was handed down in slightly different versions by various people; one version is contained in a letter from Freud to Stefan Zweig”. Freud’s purpose assumption that he wanted to make himself the sole discoverer of psychoanalysis at Breuer’s expense is contradicted by the the description of the discovery in Freud’s writings, in which he does not minimize Breuer’s role, but rather emphasizes

Freud used patients who suffered from hysteria as his testing ground for the theory and technique of psychoanalysis. When Freud’s father died he created a new approach, a dream-analysis to help him through this crisis. He found in them a road to unconsciousness. His analysis was that he always wanted his father gone so he could have his mother all to himself. It was based on the Greek myth of Oedipus. This idea was incorporated into his psychological development theory. He compared dreams to hysterical systems because they both represent ideas or wishes that were too dangerous to be expressed in everyday life. After World War I, Freud revised and expanded his theory and he added the id, ego, and superego.

Freud is a psychologist from the late 1800s who explored the complexity of the human mind (Maltby, Day & Macaskill, 2013). He was first influenced by Charcot’s hypnosis work, but Freud was more interested in finding the cause of people’s problems rather than dealing with short-term effects. Freud was later influenced by Breuer who encouraged patients to talk about their problems whilst a doctor listened (Maltby, Day & Macaskill, 2013). However, whether Freud’s key concepts are valuable for contemporary psychology will be explored in this essay. The concepts that will be explored are the unconscious, dreams and the psychosexual stages.

Anna was treated by a physician name Josef Breuer for hysterical illnesses, who contacted Freud after he discovered the psychosis that was present in Anna. Freud believed that the unconscious mind is what drove Anna to develop symptoms of psychosis. At this point an analyst named Jung became interested in Anna’s situation. Freud’s view of the unconscious is on a personal level, while Jung believes it is a collective view. According to Freud personal unconscious adopts repressed and forgotten experiences of one particular individual. It contains repressed infantile memories and impulses, forgotten events and experiences that

While Freud was a medical student he was introduced to Josef Breuer through physiologist Ernst Brucke. Josef Breuer eventually became friends with Freud and later on introduced Freud to Wilhelm Fliess. Fliess and Breuer were two influential individuals in Freud's life and Breuer greatly influenced the development of psychoanalysis. Josef Breuer was a Viennese physician who used hypnotism to treat hysteria and eventually Freud also used hypnosis to treat his own patients which helped him form his ideas on unconscious desires. “Freud adopted 'Breuer's cathartic method' in the treatment of his own patients and it was here that he developed his ideas about the role of unconscious conflicts in hysteria and other forms of neurosis in great depth”

This is however false, as Freud based his research from long- time friend and companion Josef Breuer, as he had made clear in 1909 (Freud, 1914). Psychoanalytical talking cures only began be seen as useful once Freud rejected the idea of hypnotic therapy, though it is understood to have been capable to unravel the disremembered memories of trauma patients, which is proven with a particular study of Anna O. When Freud and Breuer were first introduced to Anna O, she had been paralyzed with extensive pains due to the obsessive repressions of her feelings and memories, which can occur when individuals in their childhood start to repress their emotions and needs that they put added pressure on other parts of themselves (Salter, 2013). It was only when Anna was able to begin to murmur words of her past involvements, was when she started to become better and able to do things again, as the added stresses of her emotional shame were being relieved (Freud 1910). It was after Anna that Freud had begun to use the talking methods on other patients with sufferings like Anna’s and distresses formed by the same form of emotional grief. This is when Freud states his ideologies that our future emotional anguishes begin at a non-beneficial reaction from our past (Freud

It feels as though most of the time when thinking about psychology and the great contributions that have been made to it, that most of them have been from men, but along the way there have been several influential women that have contributed to the field of psychology as well. Just like men, there were several women who were pioneers, theorists, and counselors; many of these women have contributed to the field of psychology in their own special between the years of 1850 and 1950. Of all these amazing women who are pioneers, theorists, and counselors, the one who stands out the most is Anna Freud. This paper will go on to explain Anna Freud’s

The precursor of psychoanalysis rooted from Dr. Sigmund Freud’s and Dr. Josef Breuer’s findings from the case of Anna O. Previously in the 19th century, very little was known about mental illness. In fact, patients suffering from a mental illness were imprisoned in asylums for the inhumane testing of barbaric treatments. Incidentally, it was once presumed that mental deficiencies were rooted from physical ailments. On the contrary, mental illness dwelled in the aspect of human’s not yet exposed, the psyche. With a collaboration of different viewpoints, Breuer and his young protégé Freud synthesized their knowledge to treat a patient suffering from hysteria, referred to as Anna O. Anna was a very unusual patient that “shuddered in agony and