Introduction Punishment and Parenting play key roles into ways a child develops into an upcoming adult. In many cases they go hand in hand. For example corporal punishment can be included in two out of the four parenting styles which are authoritarian and authoritative. But what this paper focuses on are the effects of inadequate punishments and their correlation with a certain parenting styles that many mistake as reasonable and justifiable but are really unethical ways of trying to reinforce a goal behavior and may have terrible long term outcomes on the child.
Parenting style structuring youth into adults There are many contributing factors to ways in which a child is structured into an adult, usually they have to do with the way the
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The consequence can be the introduction of an aversive stimulus (i.e., positive punishment) such as electric shock, loud noise, a reprimand, etc., or the removal of a reinforcing stimulus (i.e., negative punishment) such as food, money, or access to the social environment,” (DiGennaro 2008). Punishments are involved in both Authoritarian and Authoritative parenting style. Although the Authoritative parenting style is more hesitant to reinforce punishment and rather talk out the situation with their child it still plays a role in the child’s upbringing as an adult (Ribeiro …show more content…
2011) Corporal punishment exhibited by parents onto children has been a topic in psychology for many decades. It has been reported that approximately 94% of American parents are spanking their children by the time they are 3 or 4 years old (Gershoff 2001). Whether or not this method has been effective has caused many uprising with opinion papers in the field of psychology. “The ongoing debate to whether the benefits of corporal punishment might outweigh any potential hazards; some have concluded that corporal punishment is both effective and desirable, whereas others have concluded that corporal punishment is ineffective at best and harmful at worst,” (Gershoff 2001). As stated before certain parenting styles enforce punishment onto their children if there is requirement not met or the child obedience falters though these children usually don’t turn out to be in the best emotional state as an adult (Ribeiro 2009). “Previous researches pointed out those adults (parents and teachers), who were physically punished in their childhood, are more supportive of corporal punishment than those who were not subjected to physical punishment” (Naz et al. 2011). This explains reasons in why punishment continues throughout a family’s generation, because as a child when corporal punishment or just punishments in
According to the textbook, authoritative parents have reasonable demands that consistent limits, they express warmth and affection, they are able to listen to their children's point of view They set up rules and explain the reasons behind the rules. They are flexible and willing to make exceptions to the rules in certain cases (cite ths). In speaking about education, according to Robinson (add year), the education system is broken, and we must fix it. In order to have a better education system, teachers should use authoritative teaching style. Having authoritative teaching style in classroom will form better student teacher relationship as well as setting higher academic success for the students.
Communication is important in discipline. Authoritarian parents tend to place an excess worth on the aspects of disciplining a child. Reasons or explanations of the rules for the punishment were never given with my mother. Being an authoritative parent, I lean towards allowing my children to know why the rules are such and what to expect when the rules are broken. A lot of authoritarian power base is achieved through parental intimidation of the child. The authoritative parent is less likely to respond my anger to a rebellion against their rules. When my mother gave punishments they were neither effective nor appropriate. However, by learning through experience I parent with firm but appropriate
Editors remarked that in, “Spanking Your Children: Good or Bad”, the CED studied how spanking may be effective short term, but there may be consequences later in life. The more children are spanked, the less they are likely to be mannerly, and well- behaved in the future. They continued on by stating, “Spanking does not teach children why their behavior was wrong or what they should do instead; it teaches children that the only reason to behave appropriately is to avoid being punished.” (2017). This research has proven that there is not only a physical negative reaction, but a mental one too.
Authoritarian parents normally do not interact with their children in positive ways and usually install fear into the child. Punishment is usually harsh and given without explanation. Children with authoritarian parents are often anxiety- ridden. Studies have shown that these children have lower self- esteem, show high aggressiveness and typically do less well in school. Permissive parenting consists of high nurture and acceptance, but these parents lack structure and control. These parents look at their children as “free spirits” who need space to learn and grow. Permissive parents are usually inconsistent with discipline. Children with permissive parents normally are impulsive and irresponsible. These children also lack any self- control since none was expected (Sclafani 47).
B. tend to develop a heavily planned networking group that allows them to get in touch with the best tutors, contacts, and acquaintances
According to Smith (2012), spanking does not lead to immediate obedience. Alan Kazdin, a Yale University psychology professor and director of the Yale Parenting Center and Child Conduct Clinic, says spanking does not work and “you cannot punish out these behaviors that you do not want.” Spanking does not lead to long term obedience either. Graham-Bermann (2008) says that “physical punishment can work momentarily to stop problematic behavior because children are afraid of being hit, but it doesn’t work in the long term and can make children more aggressive.” There are three major negative outcomes that are correlated with spanking. First, physical punishment
Frist, Authoritative Parenting is considered the most successful way to parent a child (Hughes 2013). It is considered the most successful way to parent children because it has a high parent involvement rate and the levels of control are well balanced. These types of parents have very realistic expectations and limits for their kids. The parents also have a more natural way to approach consequences when needed. Authoritative parents tend to listen to the child’s point of view when they are talking, and allow the child more opportunities to be independent. These parents will have set rules that have to be followed and will explain their reasons why the rules are there, but also explain what the consequences will be if they choose not to follow the set rules. The parents in this category are also more lenient with the children as well. They will bend and allow exceptions to their set rules and consequences in certain situations. For example these
In addition to many parents using spanking as a form of discipline because of their childhood, a personal account from a man who is a father today gave a reporter a few moments of his time to speak of what his life was like as a child. He said that his parents treated him with love and compassion, but were not afraid to “spare the rod” when he or his siblings misbehaved. He said that being a parent now he dreads hearing that phrase being said from his wife, but he understands that a man has a more authoritative voice over children due to a man’s usual size and strength. The man said that he can count on his fingers the number of times he has spanked his children, which shows that his children have been raised properly to not disobey their parents, and everyone knows that they will misbehave eventually somewhere down the line. This man did not want the usual stereotype of the “man of the house” and made it to where his kids could function how they should without constantly having to tell them to behave (Adler 80). To me, this father has raised his children a certain way to where he does not have to constantly punish them. He only had to discipline his children once or twice in order for them to understand what it was that they were doing wrong, and that it is not right to do it again. This type of parenting comes with being patient and understanding that sometimes children can not comprehend everything they are told.
When it comes to being a parent there are many ways a parent can raise their child or children, for example there are four types of parenting styles which are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. The authoritative parent are characterized by having reasonable demands and high responsiveness. Authoritative parents are strict on their children, but they are very loving, warming, and supportive towards their children by listening to their child opinions, encouraging independence, expressing warmth and nurturance, and encouraging their child to discuss options. (Reference: Rathus S.A. (2014).Psych.GengaqeLearning) Authoritarian parents are like authoritative parents except they are extremely strict almost like military, and authoritarian parents are very unforgiven by have strict guidelines towards their children without any tolerance for disobeying.
Many studies on cases of adults who have tendency to perpetuate abuses, either as a victim or as an abuser, are traced in the pattern of violence experienced at home, and many are reportedly experience being physically violated by spanking during their childhood. Despite the information and advocacy available in almost all media these days, there are still parents who thought that spanking their children to emphasize discipline is still beneficial. The benefits cited by those supporting spanking as acceptable method of discipline varied across culture and race. Generally, there are three views or positions about spanking as a form of discipline (Benject C. & Kazdin A, 2003) : Pro-corporal punishment, anti-corporal punishment, and conditional corporal punishment.
The type of parenting style that was the most influential in my development was the authoritative. The authoritative parents are strict and demand a mature behavior from the child. Although, they are strict they desire to reason with, love and support the child. These parents push their children to go above and beyond in order to succeed in life. As a result, of being developed this way as a child my mindset is failure is not an option and hardwork always pays off. In other words, no one determines your success but you. You are responsible for your actions, not only do they affect you a great deal, but they may also affect the people that surround you. Being raised by an authoritative parent has made me hardworking and determined but also loving.
Abusive tactics used in some parents discipline style are detrimental to a child's development. Parents that rely
Research also discusses that the adverse effect of positive punishment on mental health and psychosocial functioning in children has been repeatedly suggested by studies in industrialised countries. (Repetti
For many years, corporal punishment has been considered an acceptable form of discipline for parents to use on their children. In fact, “…research shows that up to 90 percent of parents spank their children” (Ogilvie). Despite the number of people who utilize corporal punishment, there is still a fierce debate about whether or not it is effective or healthy. Arguments have explored the effect on behavior, personality, relationships, and perspectives for the child. The purpose of spanking is “…to correct or to punish a child’s behavior by causing physical pain” (Cuddy and Reeves). Spanking, however, should not be acceptable, as it causes long-term damage to children and is less effective than other forms of punishment.
Advocates of corporal punishment have suggested that a child who is spanked during childhood is usually better behaved than one whose parents don’t believe in spanking their children. Although, logically this theory may be sensible, but in the long run it isn’t practical. If parents have such an austere attitude in raising their children it is likely that such parents will never be able to develop an ideal relationship with their children. Also, this theory has again been acclaimed by very few sources, and eventually in this case the arguments against corporal punishment will outweigh such an argument that supports corporal punishment making it neglible.