This semester I enrolled Biology 101 course with Dr. Smith-Pearson. One of our assignments this semester was an outside of the classroom volunteer project. For this project I was selected to participate in the Tri- Beta Breast Cancer Walk. As participants, we had to do several things to prepare for the volunteer event including a learning session. During this session, we learned exactly what breast cancer is, the different types, and the main causes. I further learned about breast cancer through a scientific aspect in my biology class. We learned that cancer is when cells are over actively reproduced, which is caused by a mutation in the cell cycle and suppresses our bodies ability to function normally to stop this. Also, we learned about some of the different subtypes of breast cancer like, HER2+ (ER-), Basal-Like (Triple Negative Breast Cancer), Normal-Like, Luminal A, and Luminal B. HER2+ (ER-) breast cancer is less common, but it is very aggressive. HER2 is a gene in our bodies that produces receptor proteins, which are responsible for regulating the growth and repair of breast cells. When these HER2 receptor proteins are expressed too much, it causes excessive reproduction of breast cells. It is thought that African Americans have a higher risk for this type. Basal-Like, or more commonly called, Triple Negative Breast Cancer is very aggressive, usually the most aggressive. Basal-like means that the ways the cells look with this cancer resemble cells that line
Please answer these questions then place them in the drop box for this lab. Use Microsoft word if possible.
According to “The Clan of One-Breasted Women,” by Terry Tempest Williams, she discusses how cancer runs in her family. The type of cancer that runs in her family was breast cancer, however her mother, grandmothers, and six aunts all had mastectomies and that lead them to death. Just two of them survive, but they still need to go to chemotherapy and radiation to get check ups. Williams even had her own difficulty with breast cancer and a small tumor within her ribs. She talks about how you can get breast cancer and it’s for these reasons; the risk of percentages with more fatty diets, or getting pregnant after 30 years old.
1. The anatomical region found between the lungs that extends from the sternum to the
During my walk in Oral Robert University, I have discovered new adventures and paths that lead me to believe Jesus is and will always be the best thing that ever happened to me. In my discipline, which is biology, I have seen and experience many ups and downs, I have heard the mentality of some of my school mates when they tell me their view between biology and Christianity. Thankfully I never doubted about my beliefs. I am thankful I did not mix my knowledge of biology and my faith with Jesus in a way that I would have to stop believing either one. I love biology, but I love Jesus the most. Instead, biology did in fact helped me realize the amazing creation of our God behind every part of science. How do we show that to the rest of biologist out there? It is important to switch the presupposition that goes against or in different ways to Christianity, to ultimately reveal the truth to even those who are strongly opposed to Christ in the scientific world; introducing a Christian Theism world, and finally guide their beliefs and actions towards the living Christ.
A chemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons rather than molecules is classified as a Redox reaction. A reaction involving the loss of electrons is called Oxidation, and a reaction involving the gain of electrons is called Reduction. Oxidation and Reduction always occur together, as one reactant loses electrons, and the other gains them. This exchange often effects the physical states of molecules, as their solubility is changed with their charge.
According to genetics and social science research there are striking differences between White and minority populations affected with breast cancer in the U.S. These disparities are likely due to a combination of cultural, environmental and genetic factors that differ between the groups. Historically, scientists have separately explored either the genetic or the social/behavioral contributions to cancer. The research team profiled in this case study takes the position that we cannot effectively grasp the complexity of cancer etiology, nor design appropriate
“African Americans have the highest death rate form all cancer sites combined and from malignancies of the lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, female breast, prostate, and cervix of all racial or ethnic groups in the United States (Elizabeth ward, 2004). The health disparities in African Americans and other racial groups are alarming. For this essay I choose to focus on the empirical facts on the disparities between African American women and European American women who are diagnosed with breast cancer and the disparity in mortality rates. Therefore many of the studies I found linked the disparity to race, poverty and environmental factors. American cancer society estimates, that in 2017 there will be 252,710 new breast cancer diagnosis
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women. Despite the many technological advances that have been made to detect breast cancer at earlier stages, it continues to kill more women than any other cancer. Breast cancer affects all women, but the mortality rates from it are significantly higher in Black women than any other group (Hunt, Whitman, & Hurlbert, 2013). These rates are especially concerning when considering that White women are diagnosed at much higher rates.
This course was easily relatable to my AP bio course I took my senior year of high school, and my biology lab that I took this fall semester my freshman year. The lab and the lecture went hand in hand which helped me academically learn more. I noticed that by taking these two courses together it helps me learn more and better understand the material that I need to study/ know. All my knowledge of this course I mainly learned my senior year of high school through AP biology, although this course really emphasized my essential understanding of the course and went into more depth of the criteria that I needed to better know. I have acquired new ways of seeing, being, and thinking of this course because of the way it’s gone about. By being in this
Breast Cancer affects one in eight of American women, and is the second most common cause of cancer death in America. I chose to write my term paper on breast cancer because it is a disease that has effected some members of my family. Due to this possibly inherited condition, I felt that researching the topic would help me learn ways to prevent the disease and educate myself to perform self-exams that may result in early detection.
According to the American Cancer Society, Each year, more than 200,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer; furthermore Twelve percent of all women will contract the disease, and 3.5% of them will die from breast cancer (American Cancer Society, 2005). There are risk factors that may lead to breast cancer. There are 4 stages of breast cancer and several treatments, although treatments vary from types and stages of breast cancer. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women who are 40 to 55 years old (Breast Cancer, 2009).Cancer occurs when cells divide uncontrollably. It changes from a normal cell to cancerous cells that require gene alterations. Therefore the altered genes and the uncontrolled growth may lead to tumors.
Breast cancer is a very prominent cancer that is prevalent in one in eight women. Raising awareness for the severity and prevention of this disease Is very important cause to me because my grandmother, aunt, and mother are all breast cancer survivors. Due to this, I have experienced the financial, physical, and emotional toll this specific type of cancer can have on its victims. There are many reasons as to why breast cancer rates are increasing and it is becoming more and more common. There are many factors that can increase the risk of developing the cancer such as the over consumption of alcohol, obesity, hormone replacement therapy, and several other things. There are many organizations that focus on raising breast cancer awareness, but
Breast cancer accounts for one third of all new cancer diagnoses in the United States (Cauley, et al., 2007). The first sign in the process of this disease is a lump that forms around the breasts. For this reason, it is necessary to get the yearly mammograms once a woman reaches a certain age. Also, monthly self-examinations can aid in finding breast cancer early. If this condition is found early enough, chances of survival are abundant. Most women who get breast cancer are older than 50 with 86% of the deaths occurring in this age group (Cauley, et al., 2007). Postmenopausal women have a higher risk for breast cancer, because the risk increases when levels of endogenous estradiol rise (Cauley, et al., 2007). Breast cancer is the most common cancer that occurs in women. This epidemic has a higher incidence rate among white women than in African American women, but African American women have a higher mortality rate (Breast Cancer Risk Factors, 2010). White women are more apt to develop this disease than any other ethnicity. However, in women under 45, breast cancer is more common in African American women (Breast Cancer Risk Factors, 2010).
The law proves that natural selection is necessary for evolution to occur ("SparkNotes: population genetics," 2014). The conditions set up by the Hardy-Weinberg Law allow for variability (the existence of different alleles) and inheritance, but they eliminate natural selection ("SparkNotes: population genetics," 2014). The fact that no evolution occurs in a population meeting these conditions proves that evolution can only occur through natural selection ("SparkNotes: population genetics," 2014). The Hardy-Weinberg Law allows us to estimate the effect of selection pressures