Blood Oil in the Niger Delta Introduction Situated along the coast of the Gulf of Guinea is a region about the size of South Carolina that offers a land full of sweet, light crude oil, known as the Niger Delta (Delta). The Delta sits within the country of Nigeria in West Africa and is in a constant state of crisis, underpinned by a multitude of key issues. Those issues include severe poverty, soil and water contamination, high infant mortality rates, low life expectancy, depletion of natural resources, corruption, and armed militia groups. These issues have one thing in common: oil. In 1956, oil was discovered in the Nigerian state of Bayelsa, less than 50 miles south of the Delta state line. In 1958, the Delta started producing oil at around
In 1900, Oil was discovered in Texas, USA, and the Hamill brothers orchestrated the drilling of the wells. The Hamills used a steam engine to drill the well. At 11000, they reached the oil reservoirs. Initially, the oil reservoirs were projected to produce 50 gallons a day but surpassed to 80,000 gallons, making the USA the largest oil producer in the world. This reflection paper seeks to discuss how the discovery of oil in Texas enhanced the economic growth in the country.
In Blood Meridian, Cormac McCarthy describes a lawless and godless group of men ordained to cleanse the West of lesser people. This group wanders through the West leaving a trail of slaughtered people in their trail. The emptiness and ruthlessness of their hearts is reflected in the harsh and unforgiving landscape. McCarthy uses reoccurring themes of war, religion, and dance to paint a graphic picture of the savageness of life in the West.
Oil has often been referred to as any economy’s lifeblood. Although this is an overemphasis, oil has been the key, nonhuman resource of the economy throughout the largest part of the 20th century. In the book “The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, And Power” by Daniel Yergin, the author illustrates the political, societal, economic, and geo-strategic importance of this product.
Herlihy: The Human Body in Health and Illness, 4th Edition Answer Key - Study Guide Chapter 1: Introduction to the Human Body Part I: Mastering the Basics Matching—General Terms 1. D 2.
Oil was first thought to be discovered in the state of Louisiana in 1868 by the Louisiana Oil and Coal Company fifteen miles west of Lake Charles. However, the Louisiana Oil and Coal Company was unsuccessful at drilling oil but the company did find extensive sulfur deposits. (Louisiana Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association. (n.d.). Retrieved October 07, 2016, from http://www.lmoga.com/resources/oil-gas-101/history-of-the-industry/) Oil was first discovered in Louisiana on September 21, 1901. (Louisiana Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association. (n.d.). Retrieved October 07, 2016, from http://www.lmoga.com/resources/oil-gas-101/history-of-the-industry/)
Niger Delta region, placing the Nigerian oil output down to a third of its capacity” (Klare 3).
Production near Paola., Kansas, followedKansas followed within a few years of the birth of the oil industry at Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859
With treasure comes tragedies. The capturing and moving of massive amounts of crude oil brings the overwhelming odds of accidents and disasters. Consumers tend to look around the damage and just see it as a necessary evil and not as a problem. Zoe Tryon, an environmental campaigner explained a disaster in Ecuador, 'To put this in perspective,' 'that's around 146 times the amount spilled during BP's Deepwater Horizon disaster and 3,000 times the amount spilled by the Exxon Valdez.(Kendall, Clare 12+)’. The tragic reality of this is that America has done this many times. Poisoning a country by corrupting the minds of the unstable government along with killing civilians with toxic spills. America’s need for oil is remediated
No blood for oil is a short story about the story of the clash of a mother and daughter over something that the daughter is passionate about but the mother also knows a lot about the trouble associated with the issue of war. Is war just an international issue? The purpose of Peter Mcfarlane’s text was to make the question the purpose of war. Also the influence one person on another, comparisons of one historical event to another and how perspectives changed.
For example, Shell Oil, an MNC (Multi National Corporation), extracted 50% of Nigeria’s yearly crude output, and 14% of its own output from the Niger delta region (The Changing Nature of Third World Exploitation, 1995). Though a large number of the local populace was recruited by Shell to serve as the basic labor force, there has been no change in the deplorable conditions the locals were living in. Over a period of 15 years, due to massive and widespread oil spills, heavy land degradation of the alluvial soil has taken place. The locals, who come from an agriculture based society, have in effect, been deprived of their ancestral way of life, their heritage, all due to the greed driven actions of the partly
In Oil on Water, Helon Habila, the author, uses his characters’ backgrounds and experiences to illustrate how corruption affects individuals and communities. The novel is set in the Niger delta. The two main characters are journalists who have personalities which strongly contrast with each other. Rufus is an idealist and Zaq is a jaded veteran reporter. Rufus, unlike Zaq, grew up in the delta and is personally connected to the communities. The story follows Rufus and Zaq on an assignment to find “the White Woman,” but ultimately, Habila uses his characters to tell a much more complex tale of environmental devastation and destruction of communities as a result of oil company corruption and greed.
oil in Nigeria. Nigeria’s large supply of high quality crude oil helped Shell climb to the top,
The Chad Cameroon Petroleum Development and Pipeline Project is one of the largest investments in the private sector in Africa that costs approximately US$3.7 billion. The project is being funded by the World Bank and the International Financial Corporation. The involvement of these two major financial institutions is a demonstration of the rationale that the project will generate revenue that will enable the Chad and Cameroonian governments to invest more in programs that focus on reducing poverty like rural employment, education, and health. The involvement of the International Financial Corporation will be geared towards accomplishing three major roles. These are long-term financing, stabilizing role, and uplifting the quality and standard of mitigation plans and environmental assessments.
Nigeria has been a country in political turmoil for a long time. The country was created in 1914 under British colonial rule and at that time it was considered a protectorate. It was not until 1960 that Nigeria received independence from the United Kingdom. One of Nigeria's problems politically is that it has over three hundred different ethnic groups. The three largest of these are the Hausa-Fulani, Igbo, and Yoruba. At the time of the independence of Nigeria it was split up into three states with each state being under the control of one of the major ethnic groups. The natural resources of the other 297 ethnic groups were exploited for the major three groups,
Most children in the Niger delta have little or no education, due to lack of funds from their parents who have lost their lands and have no jobs because of limited opportunities. The Niger delta government and the oil companies have refused to look into the situation; instead they favor their close relations neglecting the masses. Corruption in the Niger delta has led some youths in taking drastic measure in order to put food on their table. For example, Ikechukwu Efe an indigene of the Niger delta said that some of his friends created their own “oil refinery”, which is made up of crude oil in metal barrels with controlled heat from fire woods. This is a dangerous process in refining crude oil but the degree of poverty in the state left his friends with no choice. If only the government of the Niger delta have created jobs with the wealth of the state Ikechukwu’s friend would not have to put their lives in danger. Until corruption is put to an abrupt the people of the Niger delta will continue to live in poverty.