CASE STUDY APPROACH IN QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
Dr.Soumya Kanti Sinha Department of Philosophy, P.K.College,Contai, Purba Midnapore,West Bengal, India
Soumyasinha77@gmail.com
Introduction
Miles and Huberman (1994) present a graphic meaning of a case study by suggesting that it is like a circle with a heart in the middle (see Figure 5.1). The heart is the focus of the study, while the circle defines the edge or boundary of the case. What is beyond the edge or boundary will not be studied. In other words, to qualify as a case study, you have to state the boundary or delimit what you want to study. For example, you have to limit the number of people you intend to interview, you have to limit the amount of time you intend to spend. “If there is no end, actually or theoretically, to the number of people who could be interviewed or to observations that could be conducted, then the phenomenon is not bounded enough to qualify as a case (Merriam, 1998, p.28).
Figure1. Graphical representation of a case study
Adelman, Jenkins & Kemmis (1993) describe the case study as an “instance drawn from a class” (p.3) while Macdonald & Walker (1977) defines it as an “the examination of an instance in action” (p.181). Note that the key word is “instance” which could a individual child in the classroom, a classroom of preschool children, a low achieving high school or a specific remedial programme in reading. An “instance” of the case is selected to study in depth because it is intrinsically interesting and the researcher who studies it seeks to get \a full understanding of the phenomenon as possible (Merriam, 1998). By concentrating on a single entity or case (i.e. one child, one classroom, specific programme), the researcher is able to uncover the distinct characteristics of the phenomenon (for example, the behavior of that one child when interacting with other children in the playground). Yin (1994) states that the case study design is most appropriate in situations in which it is impossible to separate the phenomenon studied from its context (i.e. the child’s behavior in relation to other children in the playground). Note that the case study method is adopted both in quantitative and qualitative
In this paper, the definition and description of what a case study is, what are some reasons for using a case study, what are some disadvantages and advantages of this approach? Also included in this paper I will talk about what are some of the ways a researcher can acquire information that can is used for a case study. A case study can be defined as a descriptive account of the behavior, history, and other relevant factors concerning a particular individual (Cozby, Bates, 2012).
Case studies, surveys, and naturalistic observations are a few research methods used by psychologists to facilitate the understanding of behavior. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages that are used in particular research scenarios. Techniques like observation or interactions between the researcher and the subject(s) such as extensive interviews to restrained experiments are what some research methods heavily rely on to be validated.
A case study is “a method of analysis and a specific research design for examining a problem” (University of Southern California, 2010). It can be used to analyze a person, place, event, or other subjects in order to help discover mitigating issues, misconceptions, failures, trends, or recommendations (USC, 2010). Case studies will be used to gain a better understanding of situations and topics to help others make better policies, procedures, and decisions (USC, 2010).
A case study is a puzzle that has to be solved. The first thing to remember about writing a case study is that the case should have a problem for the readers to solve. The case should have enough information in it that readers can understand what the problem is and, after thinking about it and analyzing the information; the readers should be able to come up with a proposed solution. Writing an interesting case study is a bit like writing a detective story. You want to keep your readers very interested in the situation.
43.Case Study: an observational technique in which one person id studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles.
An in-depth study of a particular situation rather than a sweeping statistical survey. Case study research is a method that was used to narrow down a very broad field of research into one easily researchable topic.
Case studies are one of the first types of research to be used in the qualitative methodology and repeating the study several times will lead to the increased reliability of the study (Starman, 2013). This methodology is appropriate because it will allow for data collection results to be generalized based on the theoretical propositions and not the population (Harrison et al. 2017).
According to the CMSA (Case Management Society of America) and several others organizations that case management alone means that it is a collective system that helps the patient and their family needs through the communication, available resources of promoted quality, and cost-effective outcomes.
A case study is defined as a full, detailed picture of a participant or a small group of other participants. While a correlational study can suggest that both variables have a relationship that exists. An experiment is where the experimenter’s hypothesis is tested to see whether it works. Typically, the experimenter has an independent variable (the cause) where they can manipulate the variable and as well as the dependent variable (the effect).
The type of research I will be conducting is explanatory cases because there little or no understanding. Although research has been close to this subject nothing exact. I will use exploratory literature research to gain/discover insights about this situation. When the goal of the literature is to precisely formulate problems, clear concepts, gain insights, eliminate impractical ideas and form hypotheses then exploratory research is used.
Answer: In our judgement, PepsiCo did not have a moral obligation to divest itself of all its Burmese assets. The reason being:
Now, case studies are considered to be more of an in-depth study that uses many approaches and data sources of a solo case. Percy, Kostere, & Kostere, (2015, p. 19) stated that when we do a single case study, we do not mean a case study of one person, but instead we mean a study of a solo research/topic questions. From time to time there is a quantity of cases that are reported and studied together. The cases in a
In case study research, an investigator studies an individual or small group of individuals with an unusual condition or situation. Case studies are typically clinical in scope. The investigator (often a clinical sociologist) sometimes uses self‐report measures to acquire quantifiable data on the subject. A comprehensive case study, including a long‐term follow‐up, can last months or years.
A case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). Hitchock and Hughes (1995) further suggest that the case study approach is particularly valuable when the researcher has little control over evens. Case studies strives to portray ‘what it like’ to be a particular situation, to catch up reality and ‘thick description’ (Geertz, 1973) of participants’ lives experiences of, thoughts about and feelings for a situation. They involve looking at a case or phenomenon in its real-life context, usually employing many types of data (Robson, 2002). It is important in case studies for events and situations to be allowed to speak for themselves, rather than to be largely interpreted, evaluated or judged by the researcher. In this respect the case study is akin to the television documentary. Case studies can make theoretical statements, but, like other forms of research and human sciences, these must be supported by the evidence presented.
In reading the first article Coach Knight: The Will to Win, I found the article found Coach Knight to be very offensive and mean to his players. Coach Knight did not display good leadership skills. According to the article, Coach Knight’s drive and passion for excellence was not always received as well as his record of wins and losses Snook, Per low, Delacey, 2005).