Introduction:
Urosepsis can cause adverse effects in geriatric patients, and health care professionals must be careful when prescribing treatment to ensure that the best choice is made for the patient. Urosepsis is defined as an infection that originates in the urinary tract and spills over into the bloodstream. It is considered a medical emergency that causes the diagnosed individual to be admitted into the hospital and immediately given fluids and an anti-infective for treatment (McCance & Huether, 2014).
Pathophysiology of Urosepsis:
Cell wall bacteria, such as gram-negative organisms and gram-positive organisms, fix to cellular receptors and co-receptors on the surface of neutrophils, macrophages, endothelial cells and urothelial cells (Wagenlehner et al., 2013). The gram-negative bacteria releases endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharides, and the gram-positive bacteria releases exotoxins such as lipoteichoic acids, peptidoglycans, and/or super-antigens. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are then released from the bacteria in the urogenital tract; the mediators released include tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 alpha and beta (IL-1α and β), and IL-6. The complement system, coagulation system, kinin system and neutrophil, endothelial, and monocyte-macrophage cell activity is activated and release anti-inflammatory cytokines, including LPS binding protein, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-10, nitric oxide and other anti-inflammatory cytokines. The
The Florida Hospital Association has sponsored a project for the infection control of home care patients. In this project, the professionals and agencies had learnt about the occurrence of urinary tract infections and central-line infections. The author has
In an effort to answer this question I will start off with a clear account of the meaning of dementia, from what it is to the distinctive features of this disease to treatment or appropriate and care needed. This will then be followed by an effort define what is meant by person-centred care in relation to a particular workplace, before plunging into an explanation of what goes into the assessment of the service user, the planning tools needed while addressing some of the benefits of using the person-centred care approach in the care of dementia patients and others service users.
Discuss the cascade of host inflammatory responses that produce the major detrimental effects seen in sepsis due to gram-negative bacteria.
to the intensive care unit with septic shock secondary to urosepsis. The patient has a
Due to weaken immune system, declining organ function, poor sensory perception, and multiple prescribed and over the counter medications, and comorbidities elderly patients are at risk for infections. For many elderly patients the possibility of developing an infection is extremely high, on account of hospitalization or living in long-term care facilities. The most common type of infection acquired in these facilities is urinary tract infections. A urinary tract infection most likely affects the bladder or urethra; more serious urinary tract infections occur in the kidneys. There may be symptoms such as urinary urgency or frequency, but in other cases there are no symptoms at all. This urine infection is caused by gram-negative sepsis.
The topic of this article is about the effects that Alzheimer’s has on the patients, family members/caregivers. I believe there is a grave importance in this topic to help understand the effects of this disease and possibly help farther research. This might bring a few questions to the front of this discussion. How the relationship is after a patient is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s? How does this effect the family members/caregivers? What symptoms do family members experience with Alzheimer’s patients? What factors in life play a role in developing this disease? This paper will explore these questions with the respect of these news articles.
6. Loss of subcutaneous tissue can reduce the ability of older adults to regulate body temperature, leading to
Authors suggested that the accurate diagnosis of a UTI will play a role in the cost-effective medical care and appropriate antimicrobial utilization. The objective of the article is to summarize the top ten, misconceptions of UTI that result in extraneous testing and antimicrobial treatment. This article is well organized, consist of an abstract, introduction, list the myths with mistaken beliefs pertaining to diagnosis, a discussion and conclusion. One reason this article was of an interesting choosing was, due to myth number, “falls and acute altered mental status changes in the elderly patient are usually caused by UTI.” The article suggests that elderly patients with acute mental status changes accompanied by bacteriuria, pyuria without clinical instability or other signs or symptoms of UTI can reasonably be observed for resolution of confusion for 24-48 hours without antibiotics, which searching for other causes. The article describes in detail that elderly patients with acute mental status change and functional decline are nonspecific and are clinical manifestation of several circumstances such as, dehydration, hypoxia, and ploy-pharmacy adverse reaction. In the discussion section, the article also suggests that an increase in education and evidence-based guidelines aimed at physicians, advance practice
Long Term Care (LTC) is an area where change is needed. According to the CDC, by 2030, older adults will account for roughly 72 million of the U.S. population. In 2030, when the last baby boomers turn 65, one in every five Americans will be over the age of 65, and will account for roughly 20% of the population. As the growing population of baby boomers continued to aged they will become more reliant on long term care services. Nurses will be at the forefront of providing care to this demographic of the population. Leadership and accountability are needed in long term care to provide efficient care to the aging population.
In America we have very many ways people deal with their older relatives. Normally people put them in nursing homes or care facilities. I personally believe we should hold our elders in high regard. The older generations have seen and been through a lot of history, and have a lot of wisdom. Those who simply do not care about their older relatives are making a huge mistake.
A common concern about senior loved ones aging is dementia. How will you know if they have it, and how do you proceed if they do? The best place to start is with a look at dementia.
UTI’s (urinary tract infection) are an infection to the urinary system. There caused by certain bacteria
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has been working toward transforming the American health care system by reporting their research findings and outlining their vision of an improved health care system (IOM 2010). They have collaborated with a variety of health care professionals and developed an ad hoc committee in charge of examining nursing practice with respect to reforming public health care (IOM 2010). This committee has developed four key messages and eight recommendations for nursing’s role in reforming health care, including nurses’ participation with other health care professionals (IOM 2010). These recommendations are in alignment with the IOM’s Core Competencies for all health care professionals, one of which is to work in interdisciplinary teams (Rubenfeld & Scheffer 2015). The IOM recommends that nurses and health professionals work within a team for improved patient outcomes (Rubenfeld & Scheffer 2015). Within the hospital setting, nurses collaborate with a variety of ancillary services and health professionals. Older adults (aged >65 years) in the hospital are in jeopardy of a decline in functional status. They may benefit from the nurse working with interdisciplinary team members. Functional decline in the hospital setting is often not measured, nor are there protocols in place to prevent this risk factor in many hospital facilities (Lyons 2014).
Chronic disease and conditions are usually defined as those diseases which last for more than six months and which have a severe effect on the life of the individuals (Chronic Conditions and Injury, para.1). While chronic diseases can affect people of all ages and demographics, these types of diseases are very often found in the elderly. Chronic disease are also characterized by "…multiple risk factors, long latency periods, a prolonged course of illness and functional impairment or disability" (Key indicators of progress for chronic disease and associated determinants, 2011, p. 1). Chronic disease is also found to be more prevalent in the ageing demographic of most countries.
at the time of your visit. We have divided the DGA in two parts, each with three