Chapter 1: An Introduction To Healing

This is a critical mark in the adjustment of this response. Once the leukocytes exit the blood vessels, all of the gain from the inflammatory response and mostly the accessory damage vandalism occurs. Transendothelial migration transpires at the endothelial borders. During transendothelial migration the patterns of leukocyte diapedesis shift. These patterns include capturing, rolling, tight adhesion, and locomotion. All of these involve “interaction in 2 dimensions at the plane of leukocyte–endothelial cell interaction. “Each of these steps appears to be necessary for effective leukocyte recruitment, because blocking any of the five can severely reduce leukocyte accumulation in the tissue. These steps are not phases of inflammation, but represent the sequence of events from the perspective of each leukocyte. At any given moment, capture, rolling, slow rolling, firm adhesion and transmigration all happen in parallel, involving different leukocytes in the same microvessels.’ (Leukocyte Adhesion Cascade

The primary goal of treatment in this case is to cover, protect, and clean the area as quickly as possible. Skin lotions or emollients are used to give hydration to the surrounding tissues and to prevent the wound form spreading or getting worse. Any types of padding or protective substance that decrease the pressure on the area are important. Close attention to prevention, protection, nutrition, and hydration is very important at this point also. With proper care and quick acting, a stage 2 wound can heal very rapidly.

after it isfully developed. Some cells divide to heal wounds such as cuts or broken bones.

For example, cellular swelling occurs due to cellular hypoxia, which damages the sodium-potassium membrane pump; as well as fatty change it can impair cellular function and damage the cell ability of adequately metabolize fat. Both situations are reversible when the causes are eliminated. In contrast, irreversible cell injury is the cell death with continuing damage, the injury becomes irreversible, which the cell cannot recover and dies. There are two types of cell death necrosis and apoptosis. When damage to membranes is severe, enzymes leak out of lysosomes, enter the cytoplasm, and digest the cell, resulting in necrosis ( McCance & Huether, 2014). Necrosis is the major pathway of cell death in many commonly encountered injuries, for example resulting from ischemia, exposure to toxins, various infections, and

A wound became anaerobic because there is blood supply interruption this is a condition called ischemia. After ischemia tissue dye and that condition is called necrosis after this dead tissue produce no more blood supply and this can be a lethal condition called Gas Gangrene.

In light of how incredible our body is to be able to regenerate quickly for most, that is not what happens for others. Many diseases or large body wounds can take years to make it through one stage. Some may not ever heal. Wounds such as diabetic, venous stasis, ischemic, or pressure ulcers have a lack of blood flow making it almost impossible for them to heal naturally (Cutroneo, 2008). Large area burn victims also fall into this category. Their body is trying to compensate for fluid loss and maintain homeostasis, but wound healing ends up being very difficult to do on their own (Jacobsen, 2005). Many attempts are used to heal these including gene therapy, hydrotherapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and topical antibiotics to just name a few. There are many courses of therapy to heal these wounds, and some work better than others depending on the wound and person.

All nurses involved in wound management need to understand the wound-healing process, as this should underpin their care plans. While treatment options will be influenced by the current stage of healing, it is important to note that the stages can vary in length of time and overlap, which can create difficulties in recognition.

Healing the body also involves healing the mind through the soul and rise up and be courageous. The deepest wounds are not seen through the scars of what we can see. Rather, they reside inside of us and in this book it explores the successful healing transformation from a lonely, troubled, and angry soul to one that is courageous, happy, and healthy in mind, body, and soul.

The Healing Hospital Paradigm
The inception of the “Healing Hospital” is not new. Healing hospitals in various forms have been around throughout history. As hospitals were slowly taken over by religious orders they became more holistic concentrating on all aspects of healing including physical, mental, and spiritual. Instead of focusing on the patient as a carrier of disease and death they began to look at them as a person that has certain fundamental needs for existence. One of these needs as fore mentioned is spirituality. Spirituality simply defined “is that which relates to or affects the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things. Spirituality touches that part of you that is not dependent on material things or

During this phase, inflammation begins to subside as neutrophils and macrophages decrease in number within the wound after having cleared the wound bed of foreign bodies and necrotic tissue, and then resident cells in the tissue, such as fibroblasts in dermal tissue and stem cells, migrate and proliferate to replace the damaged tissue. These cells deposit extracellular matrix to fill the wound with disorganized granulation tissue, largely composed of collagen (primarily collagen type III), fibronectin, and hyaluronan.30 Though matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are released to breakdown damaged tissue throughout this phase, new tissue synthesis generally exceeds tissue

Normal wound healing is very important in understanding the pathogenesis of keloid.It comprises three phases which are 1) Inflammatory phase 2)Fibroblastic Proliferation 3) Remodelling

Maturation is the last phase and occurs once the wound has closed. This phase involves renovation of collagen from type III to type I. Cellular activity reduces and the number of blood vessels in the wounded area retreat and

Wound healing has 3 distinct stages, an inflammatory response, a proliferation phase and a maturation phase, however wound healing is not a linear process and a patient can move back and forth throughout the stages.

cells in our bodies replace themselves through an orderly process of cell growth ; healthy cells take

Once any bleeding is under control, chemotaxis occurs and inflammatory cells migrate into the wound and promote the inflammatory phase, which is characterised by the successive influx of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes.