Click Chemistry and Application
Zhuo Wang
Abstract:
Discuss the history, mechanism and application of “Click chemistry”. Through the introduction of “Click chemistry”, demonstrate the role it plays in chemical biology filed, the typical synthesis way of this concept, and current application in drug synthesis and research.
Keywords:
Click chemistry, vivo system, Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, CuAAC, Diels-Alder reaction
Introduction:
The phrase "click chemistry" was invented by K. Barry Sharpless in 1998, and was first integrally described by Sharpless, Hartmuth Kolb, and M.G. Finn of The Scripps Research Institute in 2001.[1][2]
In Chemical synthesis, “Click Chemistry” is a category bio-compatible reactions which have potential to be the special synthesis way of specific bio-molecules. It is not an isolated specific synthesis reaction, but include a sort of relevant products, which also engenders big molecule by linking small specific molecules together. Usually click reactions link a bio-molecule and a target molecule. Click chemistry is not limited to biological field, the idea of a "click" reaction has been applied in pharmacological and various bio-mimetic applications. However, they have been made significantly appliance in the detection, localization and qualification of bio-molecules.
Click reactions are one-pot reactions, which are not hindered by water, generate mineral salt and inoffensive byproducts, and are characterized by a high thermodynamic driving
Nivaldo J. Chemistry: A Molecular Approach. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2013. Print.
A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?
Since most of the known biological catalysts are proteins two criteria are generally used for establishing the existence of enzymes. The first is that the rate of a reaction in the presence of an enzyme is greater than the rate in its absence. Because the uncatalyzed rates of most biologically important reactions are effectively zero, the mere
Redox reactions are an important class of reactions in organic chemistry that involve the transfer of electrons from
Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to observe a variety of chemical reactions and to identify patterns in the conversion of reactants into products.
In our everyday life, we witness many chemical reactions. Some fun reactions you may know about are mentos and pop or vinegar and baking soda. Those two reactions are visible to the naked eye. You aren't able to see photosynthesis completely but you know that it take place because a plant grows. Now what about the chemical reactions that you aren't able to see? How do you know when they are complete? Well let me explain this bright and interesting new discovery.
Chemical reactions will take place at the active site. The substance or substances that bind to the active site are called substrates.
The four kinds of chemical reactions are synthesis, decomposition, single-displacement and double-displacement. Materials: Bunsen burner, sparker, tongs, 5 test tubes, scoop, wooden splint, lead(II)nitrate, magnesium wire, copper(II) carbonate, hydrochloric acid, zinc, potassium iodide, test tube tack, googles, apron, gloves and a metal test tube holder. Methods: Experiment 1: Synthesis 1, Obtain a piece of magnesium wire.
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to be able to perform four different types of chemical reactions. With the information gained from these reactions, identify the products of the reactants with be identified and balanced equations for the reactions observed will be written. Procedure: Provided by Teacher.
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to further observe four types of chemical reactions. This lab will show four types of distinct chemical reactions and will increase my knowledge on each type.
This paper is about chemical reactions and chemical reaction types. All the data gathered was from conducting multiple experiments. Each experiment was performed carefully and analyzed to obtain the necessary information for the paper. That information included the four signs of a chemical change, the rnx type, and more.
Natural products have been a source of medicinal agents for thousands of years. Impressive number of modern drugs derived from natural products. Today, natural products are one of the main interests for research directed towards drug design and discovery. It also has provided considerable value to the pharmaceutical industry over the past half century. In particular, the therapeutic areas of infectious diseases and oncology have benefited much from numerous drug classes derived from natural form and it is used as template for synthetic modification.
Timberlake, K. C. (01/2014). Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 12th Edition.
Due to time constraints, we weren't able to get as much done as originally intended. Several reactions had to be completed multiple times and still had varying results. By the end, most of our products were not completely isolated but we did have evidence of some product formed for each. This lab gave us the opportunity to see reactions such as the Grignard reaction, bromination of a C=C bond, and the saponification of an ester. Additionally, we learned about the reactivity of acid chlorides and difficulties associated with them.
Kuang, Hao, D. Haring, D. Qi, A. Mazhary, and M.D. Distefano. (2000, April). Synthesis of acationic pyridoxamine conjugation reagent and application to the mechanistic analysis of an artificial transaminase. American Psychologist, 10(18),