Chemistry Practical on Rate of Reaction

In reference to the collision theory, molecules act as small spheres that collide and bounce off each other, transferring energy among themselves when the collide. In order for a reaction to occur, there must be collisions between molecules. Through experimentation, factors are discovered that influence the reaction rates of chemical reactions include the concentration of reactants, temperature, surface area, the physical state of reactants, and a catalyst. This experiment regarding the factors that affect reaction rate tests the effects of increased concentration and

A reaction rate is the speed at which a chemical reaction occurs. The reaction rate is affected by surface area by increasing the more surface area there is, because there are more particles exposed to the other reactant. For example, if a solid is grinded into a powder, the reaction rate will be quicker as there is more surface area.

To examine how the concentration of hydrochloric acid affects the rate at which it reacts with chalk.

Enzyme catalysis is dependant upon factors such as concentration of enzyme and substrate, temperature and pH. These factors determine the rate of reaction, and an increase in temperature or pH above the optimum will

Statement of Inquiry: What is the effect of changing a factor on the rate of chemical reaction?

Many factors effect reaction rates, two shown above include temperature and concentration. Concentration affects the rate of reactions because the more concentrated a solution the more likely collisions between particles will be. This is simply because there are more particles present to collide with each other. When the temperature is higher, particles will

To determine what factors influence the rate of a chemical reaction and to make predictions based on these

In this experiment we tested the effects that enzymes and substrate have on chemical reaction rates, which is the rate at which chemical reactions occur.. This experiment tested how different concentrations of enzyme and substrate affected the light absorption measurements on a spectrophotometer. The experiment also tested how temperature affected the light absorption, and in a separate test, the effect of the enzyme inhibitor hydroxylamine was also tested. In the first test conducted, 3 different concentrations of enzyme, and three different concentrations of substrate were measured in a spectrophotometer. For the enzyme and the substrate, the measurements got higher as the concentrations were higher, but the over measurements of the substrate were smaller than those of the enzyme. In the second test conducted, the medium concentration enzyme was tested under the temperatures; 4°C, 23°C, 37°C, and 60°C. The measurements in this test got higher as the temperature got higher, but did the measurements under 4°C were overall significantly higher than the other temperature measurements. Lastly, the last test conducted showed that the measurements of the substance with 0 and 1 drop of hydroxylamine inhibitor went up, but the measurements of the enzyme with 5 drops of hydroxylamine inhibitor stayed rather low and did not change much. In conclusion, these experiments showed that chemical reaction rates are sped up with higher concentrations of enzyme, substrate,

In this lab, we tested how chemical reactions happen when enzymes and reaction rates are effected. For the chemical reaction, we broke down the substrate ONPG into galactose and o-nitrophenol. Using ONPG as the substrate allowed us to see what was actually going on. When breaking down ONPG, the o-nitrophenol turns yellow, unlike lactose which is colorless. There are two ways in which we can manipulate the reaction rate and activation energy in this experiment. Increasing the heat by exposing enzymes to higher temperatures results in faster progression with the reaction. If the temperature were to drop, the reaction rate would slow down since molecules move faster at higher rates, proving this indeed has an effect on the rate. The other option

The independent variable for this experiment is the temperature of the water bath, as this is what factor is changing throughout the practical. The temperatures will be ranging from 10°C to 50°C in ten degree increments. This will allow for the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction to be

Solutions can be made to have delayed reactions. Delayed reactions are interesting to watch but can they might be able to speed up the process of their reactions. Delayed reactions can be speeded up to have a quicker reaction than the normal reaction/control group. The control group takes about 15 seconds for the chemicals to react. The 1st chemical is clear/optical and has no smell which will be referred to as

The rate of reaction increases when the surface area of a solid reactant is increased. This happens because by increasing the surface area we are also increasing the rate of collisions between the particles. When there is more of the reactant to react with the reaction speeds up. Therefore, my hypothesis is: the reaction will be faster when using small

To conduct an experiment in order to study and understand how multiple factors have an affect on chemical reactions and the rate at which these reactions are happening.

* Size- If one of the reactants is a solid it will have a smaller

Two catalyst reactants are used in the experiment, thiosulfate and starch, to dictate the time of reactions.